Book ChapterDOI
Genetic approaches to study of biofilms
George A. O'Toole,Leslie A. Pratt,Paula I. Watnick,Dianne K. Newman,Valerie B. Weaver,Roberto Kolter +5 more
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TLDR
This article operationally defines a biofilm as bacteria that are attached to a surface in sufficient numbers to be detected macroscopically.Abstract:
Interest in the study of microbial biofilms has increased greatly in recent
years due in large part to the profound impact biofilms have in clinical,
industrial, and natural settings. Traditionally, the study of biofilms has
been approached from an ecological or engineering perspective, using a
combination of classical microbiology and advanced microscopy. We and
others have begun to use genetic approaches to understand the development
of these complex communities. To begin we must answer the question:
What is a biofilm? This definition, by necessity, may be quite broad because
it is clear that many organisms can attach to a variety of surfaces under
diverse environmental conditions. Therefore, in the context of this article
we will operationally define a biofilm as bacteria that are attached to a
surface in sufficient numbers to be detected macroscopically.read more
Citations
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Riddle of Biofilm Resistance
TL;DR: The nature of bacterial biofilm resistance to antimicrobials is the subject of the present minireview and describes an increased resistance of cells to killing.
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Biofilm formation by the fungal pathogen Candida albicans: development, architecture, and drug resistance.
Jyotsna Chandra,Duncan M. Kuhn,Pranab K. Mukherjee,Lois L. Hoyer,Thomas S. McCormick,Mahmoud A. Ghannoum +5 more
TL;DR: The studies described here form the basis for investigations into the molecular mechanisms of Candida biofilm biology and antifungal resistance and provide the means to design novel therapies for biofilm-based infections.
Reference EntryDOI
Growing and analyzing static biofilms
TL;DR: In this article, the early stages of biofilm formation are examined using static biofilm assays, which are suitable for either small or relatively large-scale studies and can be used individually or in combination for the study of biofilms.
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Biocontrol of Bacillus subtilis against Infection of Arabidopsis Roots by Pseudomonas syringae Is Facilitated by Biofilm Formation and Surfactin Production
TL;DR: The development of a sensitive plant infection model demonstrating that the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 is capable of infecting Arabidopsis roots both in vitro and in soil is reported.
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An in vitro assessment of the antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity of nanoparticulate silver bone cement.
Volker Alt,Thorsten Bechert,Peter Steinrücke,Michael Wagener,Peter Dr. Seidel,Elvira Dingeldein,Eugen Domann,Reinhard Schnettler +7 more
TL;DR: This new form of silver called NanoSilver was free of in vitro cytotoxicity and showed high effectiveness against multiresistant bacteria and may have a high interest in joint arthroplasty.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The involvement of cell-to-cell signals in the development of a bacterial biofilm
David G. Davies,Matthew R. Parsek,Matthew R. Parsek,Matthew R. Parsek,James P. Pearson,James P. Pearson,James P. Pearson,Barbara H. Iglewski,Barbara H. Iglewski,Barbara H. Iglewski,J. W. Costerton,J. W. Costerton,J. W. Costerton,E. P. Greenberg,E. P. Greenberg,E. P. Greenberg +15 more
TL;DR: The involvement of an intercellular signal molecule in the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms suggests possible targets to control biofilm growth on catheters, in cystic fibrosis, and in other environments where P. aerug inosaBiofilms are a persistent problem.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flagellar and twitching motility are necessary for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development
George A. O'Toole,Roberto Kolter +1 more
TL;DR: The isolation and characterization of mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 defective in the initiation of biofilm formation on an abiotic surface, polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastic are reported and evidence that microcolonies form by aggregation of cells present in the monolayer is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Initiation of biofilm formation in Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365 proceeds via multiple, convergent signalling pathways: a genetic analysis
George A. O'Toole,Roberto Kolter +1 more
TL;DR: The genetic analyses suggest that biofilm formation can proceed via multiple, convergent signalling pathways, which are regulated by various environmental signals, and that of the 24 sad mutants analysed in this study, only three had defects in genes of known function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid extraction of bacterial genomic DNA with guanidium thiocyanate
TL;DR: The method, which was applicable to both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, eliminated endogenous nuclease activity and avoided the need for phenol, RNase and protease treatments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic analysis of Escherichia coli biofilm formation: roles of flagella, motility, chemotaxis and type I pili
Leslie A. Pratt,Roberto Kolter +1 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that E. coli forms biofilms on multiple abiotic surfaces in a nutrient‐dependent fashion and type I pili (harbouring the mannose‐specific adhesin, FimH) are required for initial surface attachment and thatMannose inhibits normal attachment.