Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings / John M. Swales
01 Jan 1991-Vol. 1991, Iss: 1991, pp 1-99
About: The article was published on 1991-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 5640 citations till now.
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TL;DR: This article examined the essay as an assignment genre in the disciplines of sociology and English and found significant differences between the essay genre in these two disciplines in the complex variety of rhetorical purposes and associated textual resources that they draw upon.
55 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the concept of plagiarism itself is not clear and that plagiarism is a sensitive issue, which is not yet appropriately addressed by formal institutional guidelines in all Latin American countries.
Abstract: Most developed countries have extensive guidelines about research integrity, which reflects a global attempt to harmonize policies for handling research misconduct. For the editors and readers of English‐language international journals, the question of plagiarism is of particular concern. Here, we look at the perception of plagiarism among Brazilian scientists. Our results suggest that the concept of plagiarism itself is not clear: although our participants unanimously regarded the use of the ideas and data of other researchers as wrong, they had mixed opinions about using passages of text. We also found that plagiarism is a sensitive issue, which is not yet appropriately addressed by formal institutional guidelines in all Latin American countries.
> …although our participants unanimously regarded the use of the ideas and data of other researchers as wrong, they had mixed opinions about using passages of text
Several countries, especially in Western Europe and the USA, have been paying increasing attention to research misconduct. The US Office of Research Integrity (ORI; Rockville, MD, USA), created in 1992, and the UK Research Integrity Office, created in 2006, are just two of several initiatives addressing this problem. In the USA, increased governmental scrutiny during the 1980s and 1990s led to congressional hearings and federal policies to foster research integrity (Dingell, 1993). In 1999, the US Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP; Washington, DC, USA) determined that fabrication, falsification and plagiarism (FFP) should be the main focus of investigations into allegations of research misconduct (OSTP, 1999).
According to the OSTP definition, fabrication is “making up data or results and recording or reporting them”; falsification is “manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record”; and plagiarism is “the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, …
55 citations
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: The DESI-Konsortium as discussed by the authors is a consortium of authors and experts in the field of Schulleistung and Messung of Kompetenz in Deutschland.
Abstract: In den Jahren 2001 bis 2006 fuhrten Autorinnen und Autoren des Buches zusammen mit weiteren Bildungsforschern eine reprasentative Schulleistungsstudie durch, die Kompetenzen von Schulerinnen und Schulern der neunten Jahrgangsstufe in Deutschland beschreiben und Bedingungen der Kompetenzentwicklungen analysieren sollte. Die DESI-Studie verbindet zwei zentrale Anliegen, die vorangegangene large-scale-assessments wie TIMSS, PISA und IGLU angeregt hatten: Modellierung und Messung von Kompetenzen... [und] Aufklarung des Zusammenwirkens von unterrichtlichen und schulischen, individuellen und familiaren Bedingungsfaktoren beim Kompetenzerwerb. ... Die Ergebnisse des Projekts fur diese beiden Zielstellungen publiziert das DESI-Konsortium in zwei Banden. Dieses erste Buch prasentiert die Konzepte zur Messung sprachlicher Kompetenzen und beschreibt auf der Basis der Testleistungen von mehreren tausend Schulerrinnen und Schulern Dimensionalitat und Niveaus sprachlicher Kompetenz. (DIPF/Orig.)
55 citations
TL;DR: This paper examined modality selection in two American Dissertation Defenses and found that modality selections are purposeful and can be related to the speakers role in the discourse, their commitment to propositions and their aims in such discourse events.
55 citations
TL;DR: The data-driven learning approach to research writing among PhD students in Hong Kong universities is discussed in this paper, where students were first introduced to the free online corpus, BNCweb, which can help to solve lexico-grammatical problems encountered during research writing, and then given access to teacher-built discipline-specific corpora with the concordancing tool AntConc.
55 citations