Geometrical Optics-Based Advanced Design of an Open Cavity Resonant Antenna
TL;DR: In this paper, geometrical optics-based raytracing was combined with modal analysis to realize an open cavity structure as an advanced variant of the resonant cavity antenna (RCA).
Abstract: This letter explores geometrical optics-based raytracing in combination with modal analysis to realize an open cavity structure as an advanced variant of the resonant cavity antenna (RCA). Additional ray confinement has been ensured by determining accurate phase-locking conditions as demonstrated for the first time. Its combination with the analysis of the cavity mode has also been introduced to determine the optimum design parameters, achieving improved radiation properties. With respect to a reference RCA reported earlier, the proposed approach exhibits a remarkable improvement in gain by 4–9 dB, resulting in about 17 dBi peak value consistently over the full 18% matching bandwidth. This is resultant from an increase in aperture efficiency, typically from 27% to 74%. This is achieved without any compromise with the cross-polarization property. The sidelobe level improves over the band except in higher frequency in H-plane. The proposed concept is commercially viable, showing significantly advantageous features.
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01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: This study examined to what degree performance on WAIS-IV verbal subtests predicts performance on executive functioning measures (Trails Making-B, Category, and Wisconsin Card Sort Test) and found Categories is the best predictor.
Abstract: The
7 citations
DOI•
TL;DR: In this paper , a Fabry-Perot cavity antenna (FPCA) is proposed to achieve wide common impedance and gain bandwidth along with high gain, which is achieved by employing a printed primary radiator and superstrate with superior manufacturing capabilities.
Abstract: An advanced design of a Fabry–Perot cavity antenna (FPCA) is proposed to achieve wide common impedance and gain bandwidth along with high gain. A compact and lightweight FPCA is achieved by employing a printed primary radiator and superstrate with superior manufacturing capabilities. A wideband primary radiator is employed for the first time to realize such a wideband FPCA. Superstrate dimensions are estimated by using the aperture field theory and the proposed design is validated through both EM simulation and experiment. The measured broadside gain is shown to be better than 11.5 dBi over an impedance bandwidth of 63% (8.2−15.6 GHz). About 40% common impedance and gain bandwidth is achieved while the broadside gain attains a maximum value of 17.4 dBi. To the best of our knowledge, this has never been achieved before from an FPCA made of a printed superstrate and a primary radiator. The cross-polar (XP) radiation remains under −40 dB whereas the front-to-back ratio remains above 35 dB, over the desired bandwidth.
TL;DR: In this article , a Fabry-Perot cavity antenna (FPCA) is proposed to achieve wide common impedance and gain bandwidth along with high gain, which is achieved by employing a printed primary radiator and superstrate with superior manufacturing capabilities.
Abstract: An advanced design of a Fabry–Perot cavity antenna (FPCA) is proposed to achieve wide common impedance and gain bandwidth along with high gain. A compact and lightweight FPCA is achieved by employing a printed primary radiator and superstrate with superior manufacturing capabilities. A wideband primary radiator is employed for the first time to realize such a wideband FPCA. Superstrate dimensions are estimated by using the aperture field theory and the proposed design is validated through both EM simulation and experiment. The measured broadside gain is shown to be better than 11.5 dBi over an impedance bandwidth of 63% (8.2−15.6 GHz). About 40% common impedance and gain bandwidth is achieved while the broadside gain attains a maximum value of 17.4 dBi. To the best of our knowledge, this has never been achieved before from an FPCA made of a printed superstrate and a primary radiator. The cross-polar (XP) radiation remains under −40 dB whereas the front-to-back ratio remains above 35 dB, over the desired bandwidth.
DOI•
TL;DR: In this paper , a dual wideband compact shared-aperture microstrip patch/Fabry-Perot resonator cavity antenna is proposed for dual-band point-to-point line-of-sight (LOS)/non-LOS (NLOS) communication systems.
Abstract: In this article, a dual wideband compact shared-aperture microstrip patch/Fabry–Perot resonator cavity antenna is proposed. A reflective meshed patch is designed to conduct as the shared surface, which works as the radiator at the lower band but the partial reflective sheet (PRS) at the upper band. A transmissive meshed patch is designed as the parasitic element to broaden the lower bandwidth without influence on the upper band radiation. The shaped ground is used to improve the front-to-back ratio at the lower band while maintaining a compact size. Moreover, the reflective meshed patch, which is built by two complementary frequency selective structures (FSSs), shows a positive reflection phase gradient to broaden the bandwidth of the antenna at the upper band without influence on the lower band radiation. The measurements reveal that a common bandwidth of ( $\vert \text{S}_{11(22)}\vert < -10$ dB, gain reduction < 3 dB) 25.4% and 21.3%, an isolation higher than 40 and 22 dB, a peak gain of 9.01 and 16.6 dBi at UHF band and C-band are achieved, respectively. The above properties make the proposed antenna suitable for dual-band point-to-point line-of-sight (LOS)/non-LOS (NLOS) communication systems.
10 Jul 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , all kinds of Hybrid DRA explored in the last two decades including some state-of-the-art techniques are discussed. But the authors focus on the hybrid DRA design.
Abstract: Dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) will complete 40 years since its inception in 1983 and has accumulated several novel techniques and designs to serve various applications. ‘Hybrid DRA’ is one of them, conceived more than 20 years ago. This paper is aimed to portray all kinds of Hybrid DRAs explored in the last two decades including some state-of-the-art techniques.
References
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TL;DR: In this communication a high directive electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) antenna operating in wide frequency band for both return loss (RL) and directivity is examined.
Abstract: In this communication a high directive electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) antenna operating in wide frequency band for both return loss (RL) and directivity is examined. In this EBG antenna an aperture coupled microstrip antenna (ACMA) is used as a feeding source and a frequency selective surface (FSS) is used as a superstrate layer. Suitable use of the superstrate layer, microstrip patch and coupling aperture simultaneously, leads to produce separate resonance frequencies and therefore the wide frequency band for RL. Also, high directivity is achieved only by using the superstrate layer that has been made by the FSS layer with square loop elements. At first, a wideband ACMA is designed to operate in x-band. In this step appropriate design of coupling aperture is of a great importance. Secondly, after the design of optimum superstrate layer by the FSS structure, it is added to the ACMA in order to increase both bandwidth and directivity.
165 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a high-efficient and high-gain aperture coupled patch antenna with superstrate at 60 GHz was studied and presented, and it was shown that adding superstrate will result in a significant effect on the antenna performances, and the size of the superstrate is critical for the optimum performance.
Abstract: A high-efficient and high-gain aperture coupled patch antenna with superstrate at 60 GHz is studied and presented. It is noted that adding superstrate will result in a significant effect on the antenna performances, and the size of the superstrate is critical for the optimum performance. The maximum measured gain of a single antenna with superstrate is 14.6 dBi, which is higher than that of a classical 2 x 2 array. It is found that the gain measured of a single antenna with superstrate increases nearly 9 dB at 60 GHz over its basic patch antenna. This superstrate antenna gives a very high estimated efficiency of 76%. The 2:1 measured VSWR bandwidth with superstrate is 6.8%. The radiation patterns are found to be broadside all over the frequency band. Also, this letter explains a comparison to another source of parasitic patch superstrate antenna with normal microstrip coupling. It is found that aperture coupling is better for high-gain antenna applications.
155 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a phase-correcting structure (PCS) for an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) resonator antenna (ERA) was proposed to transform a non-uniform phase distribution to a nearly uniform phase distribution.
Abstract: A novel technique to design a phase-correcting structure (PCS) for an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) resonator antenna (ERA) is presented. The aperture field of a classical ERA has a significantly nonuniform phase distribution, which adversely affects its radiation characteristics. An all-dielectric PCS was designed to transform such a phase distribution to a nearly uniform phase distribution. A prototype designed using proposed technique was fabricated and tested to verify proposed methodology and to validate predicted results. A very good agreement between the predicted and the measured results is noted. Significant increase in antenna performance has been achieved due to this phase correction, including 9-dB improvement in antenna directivity (from 12.3 dBi to 21.6 dBi), lower side lobes, higher gain, and better aperture efficiency. The phase-corrected antenna has a 3-dB directivity bandwidth of 8%.
96 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a design methodology for a compact low-cost partially reflecting surface (PRS) for a wideband high-gain resonant cavity antenna (RCA) which requires only a single commercial dielectric slab.
Abstract: This communication presents a design methodology for a compact low-cost partially reflecting surface (PRS) for a wideband high-gain resonant cavity antenna (RCA) which requires only a single commercial dielectric slab. The PRS has one nonuniform double-sided printed dielectric, which exhibits a negative transverse-reflection magnitude gradient and, at the same time, a progressive reflection phase gradient over frequency. In addition, a partially shielded cavity is proposed as a method to optimize the directivity bandwidth and the peak directivity of RCAs. A prototype of the PRS was fabricated and tested with a partially shielded cavity, showing good agreement between the predicted and measured results. The measured peak directivity of the antenna is 16.2 dBi at 11.4 GHz with a 3 dB bandwidth of 22%. The measured peak gain and 3 dB gain bandwidth are 15.75 dBi and 21.5%, respectively. The PRS has a radius of 29.25 mm ( $1.1\lambda _{0}$ ) with a thickness of 1.52 mm ( $0.12\lambda _{g}$ ), and the overall height of the antenna is $0.6\lambda _{0} $ , where $\lambda _{0}$ and $\lambda _{g}$ are the free-space and guided wavelengths at the center frequency of 11.4 GHz.
89 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid topology of fully metallic spatial phase shifters is developed for the AMPCS, resulting in an extremely lower prototyping cost as that of other state-of-the-art substrate-based PCSs.
Abstract: This article addresses a critical issue, which has been overlooked, in relation to the design of phase-correcting structures (PCSs) for electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) resonator antennas (ERAs). All the previously proposed PCSs for ERAs are made using either several expensive radio frequency (RF) dielectric laminates or thick and heavy dielectric materials, contributing to very high fabrication cost, posing an industrial impediment to the application of ERAs. This article presents a new industrial-friendly generation of PCS, in which dielectrics, known as the main cause of high manufacturing cost, are removed from the PCS configuration, introducing an all-metallic PCS (AMPCS). Unlike existing PCSs, a hybrid topology of fully metallic spatial phase shifters are developed for the AMPCS, resulting in an extremely lower prototyping cost as that of other state-of-the-art substrate-based PCSs. The APMCS was fabricated using laser technology and tested with an ERA to verify its predicted performance. The results show that the phase uniformity of the ERA aperture has been remarkably improved, resulting in 8.4 dB improvement in the peak gain of the antenna and improved sidelobe levels (SLLs). The antenna system including APMCS has a peak gain of 19.42 dB with a 1 dB gain bandwidth of around 6%.
72 citations