GEV Aggregator Placement in Distribution Network Using 802.16 Protocol
01 Dec 2017-
TL;DR: In this article, the optimal placement of EV aggregator in power distribution network is proposed using Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) or 802.16 protocol.
Abstract: Vehicle to Grid (V2G) is a viable solution to meet the grid requirements with present developments in electric vehicle (EV) technology and power grid. In this paper wireless access infrastructure for optimal placement of EV aggregator in power distribution network is proposed using Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) or 802.16 protocol. The load flow studies were carried out for IEEE 14 bus system and the physical layer of WiMAX protocol was modeled and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results demonstrate that timely placement of GEV aggregator will result in substantial reduction of active power loss.
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined the three vehicle types that can produce V2G power and the power markets they can sell into, and developed equations to calculate the capacity for grid power from three types of electric drive vehicles.
2,128 citations
TL;DR: A proposed framework to effectively integrate the aggregated battery vehicles into the grid as distributed energy resources to act as controllable loads to levelize the demand on the system during off-peak conditions and as a generation/storage device during the day to provide capacity and energy services to the grid.
869 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the current status and implementation impact of V2G/grid-to-vehicle (G2V) technologies on distributed systems, requirements, benefits, challenges, and strategies for VUE interfaces of both individual vehicles and fleets.
Abstract: Plug-in vehicles can behave either as loads or as a distributed energy and power resource in a concept known as vehicle-to-grid (V2G) connection. This paper reviews the current status and implementation impact of V2G/grid-to-vehicle (G2V) technologies on distributed systems, requirements, benefits, challenges, and strategies for V2G interfaces of both individual vehicles and fleets. The V2G concept can improve the performance of the electricity grid in areas such as efficiency, stability, and reliability. A V2G-capable vehicle offers reactive power support, active power regulation, tracking of variable renewable energy sources, load balancing, and current harmonic filtering. These technologies can enable ancillary services, such as voltage and frequency control and spinning reserve. Costs of V2G include battery degradation, the need for intensive communication between the vehicles and the grid, effects on grid distribution equipment, infrastructure changes, and social, political, cultural, and technical obstacles. Although V2G operation can reduce the lifetime of vehicle batteries, it is projected to become economical for vehicle owners and grid operators. Components and unidirectional/bidirectional power flow technologies of V2G systems, individual and aggregated structures, and charging/recharging frequency and strategies (uncoordinated/coordinated smart) are addressed. Three elements are required for successful V2G operation: power connection to the grid, control and communication between vehicles and the grid operator, and on-board/off-board intelligent metering. Success of the V2G concept depends on standardization of requirements and infrastructure decisions, battery technology, and efficient and smart scheduling of limited fast-charge infrastructure. A charging/discharging infrastructure must be deployed. Economic benefits of V2G technologies depend on vehicle aggregation and charging/recharging frequency and strategies. The benefits will receive increased attention from grid operators and vehicle owners in the future.
788 citations
30 Jul 2013
TL;DR: The key is to provide the methodologies, approaches, and foresights for the emerging technologies of V2H, V2V, and V2G, namely, the vehicle-to-home (V2H), vehicle- to-vehicle (V 2V), and vehicle-To-grid (V1G) technologies.
Abstract: Electric vehicles (EVs) are regarded as one of the most effective tools to reduce the oil demands and gas emissions. And they are welcome in the near future for general road transportation. When EVs are connected to the power grid for charging and/or discharging, they become gridable EVs (GEVs). These GEVs will bring a great impact to our society and thus human life. This paper investigates and discusses the opportunities and challenges of GEVs connecting with the grid, namely, the vehicle-to-home (V2H), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies. The key is to provide the methodologies, approaches, and foresights for the emerging technologies of V2H, V2V, and V2G.
523 citations
"GEV Aggregator Placement in Distrib..." refers background in this paper
...The power exchange between the grid and GEVs can be done through the GEV aggregator [1, 2]....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, a peak shaving and valley filling using vehicle-to-grid systems (V2G) is proposed, and an objective function of V2G peak-shaving control is proposed and main constraints are formulated.
Abstract: A strategy for grid power peak shaving and valley filling using vehicle-to-grid systems (V2G) is proposed. The architecture of the V2G systems and the logical relationship between their sub-systems are described. An objective function of V2G peak-shaving control is proposed and the main constraints are formulated. The influences of the number of connected EVs and the average value of the target curve are analyzed. The rms and the standard deviation of the difference between the target and planned curves are proposed as indices for measuring the degree of matching between the two curves. The simulation results demonstrate that peaking shaving using V2G can be effective and controllable, and the proposed control algorithm is feasible.
292 citations
"GEV Aggregator Placement in Distrib..." refers background in this paper
...The power exchange between the grid and GEVs can be done through the GEV aggregator [1, 2]....
[...]