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기독교 사역과 Leadership

01 May 1997-Vol. 15, Iss: 1, pp 245-288
TL;DR: Coaching & Communicating for Performance Coaching and communicating for Performance is a highly interactive program that will give supervisors and managers the opportunity to build skills that will enable them to share expectations and set objectives for employees, provide constructive feedback, more effectively engage in learning conversations, and coaching opportunities as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Building Leadership Effectiveness This program encourages leaders to develop practices that transform values into action, vision into realities, obstacles into innovations, and risks into rewards. Participants will be introduced to the five practices of exemplary leadership: modeling the way, inspiring a shared vision, challenging the process, enabling others to act, and encouraging the heart Coaching & Communicating for Performance Coaching & Communicating for Performance is a highly interactive program that will give supervisors and managers the opportunity to build skills that will enable them to share expectations and set objectives for employees, provide constructive feedback, more effectively engage in learning conversations, and coaching opportunities. Skillful Conflict Management for Leaders As a leader, it is important to understand conflict and be effective at conflict management because the way conflict is resolved becomes an integral component of our university’s culture. This series of conflict management sessions help leaders learn and put into practice effective strategies for managing conflict.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Theoretical development in this area also has undergone many refinements, and the current theory is far different from the early Vertical Dyad Linkage (VDL) work as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Research into Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) theory has been gaining momentum in recent years, with a multitude of studies investigating many aspects of LMX in organizations. Theoretical development in this area also has undergone many refinements, and the current theory is far different from the early Vertical Dyad Linkage (VDL) work. This article uses a levels perspective to trace the development of LMX through four evolutionary stages of theorizing and investigation up to the present. The article also uses a domains perspective to develop a new taxonomy of approaches to leadership, and LMX is discussed within this taxonomy as a relationship-based approach to leadership. Common questions and issues concerning LMX are addressed, and directions for future research are provided.

5,812 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The rapid growth of research on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) has resulted in some conceptual confusion about the nature of the construct, and made it difficult for all but the most avid readers to keep up with developments in this domain this paper.

5,183 citations


Cites background from "기독교 사역과 Leadership"

  • ...Perhaps this should not be surprising, since the heart of transformational leadership is the ability to get employees to perform above and beyond expectations (Bass, 1985; Burns, 1978; Kouzes & Posner, 1987), and this extra effort may show up in the form of citizenship behavior....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study provided a comprehensive examination of the full range of transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership, revealing an overall validity of .44 for transformational leadership and this validity generalized over longitudinal and multisource designs.
Abstract: This study provided a comprehensive examination of the full range of transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership. Results (based on 626 correlations from 87 sources) revealed an overall validity of .44 for transformational leadership, and this validity generalized over longitudinal and multisource designs. Contingent reward (.39) and laissez-faire (-.37) leadership had the next highest overall relations; management by exception (active and passive) was inconsistently related to the criteria. Surprisingly, there were several criteria for which contingent reward leadership had stronger relations than did transformational leadership. Furthermore, transformational leadership was strongly correlated with contingent reward (.80) and laissez-faire (-.65) leadership. Transformational and contingent reward leadership generally predicted criteria controlling for the other leadership dimensions, although transformational leadership failed to predict leader job performance.

3,577 citations


Cites background from "기독교 사역과 Leadership"

  • ...Burns (1978) first introduced the concepts of transformational and transactional leadership in his treatment of political leadership....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, social learning theory is used as a theoretical basis for understanding ethical leadership and a constitutive definition of the ethical leadership construct is proposed. But, little empirical research focuses on an ethical dimension of leadership.

3,547 citations


Cites background from "기독교 사역과 Leadership"

  • ...The Wnal element of the deWnition related to “decisionmaking” reXects the fact that ethical leaders consider the ethical consequences of their decisions, and make principled and fair choices that can be observed and emulated by others (Bass & Avolio, 2000; Burns, 1978; Howell & Avolio, 1992)....

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  • ...ethical consequences of their decisions, and make principled and fair choices that can be observed and emulated by others (Bass & Avolio, 2000; Burns, 1978; Howell & Avolio, 1992)....

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  • ...Burns (1978) said that “transforming” leaders inspire followers by aligning their own and their followers’ value systems toward important moral principles....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of the transformational leadership literature using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was conducted to compute an average effect for different leadership scales, and probe for certain moderators of the leadership style-effectiveness relationship as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A meta-analysis of the transformational leadership literature using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was conducted to (a) integrate the diverse findings, (b) compute an average effect for different leadership scales, and (c) probe for certain moderators of the leadership style-effectiveness relationship. Transformational leadership scales of the MLQ were found to be reliable and significantly predicted work unit effectiveness across the set of studies examined. Moderator variables suggested by the literature, including level of the leader (high or low), organizational setting (public or private), and operationalization of the criterion measure (subordinate perceptions or organizational measures of effectiveness), were empirically tested and found to have differential impacts on correlations between leader style and effectiveness. The operationalization of the criterion variable emerged as a powerful moderator. Unanticipated findings for type of organization and level of the leader are explored regarding the frequency of transformational leader behavior and relationships with effectiveness.

2,836 citations


Cites background from "기독교 사역과 Leadership"

  • ...In developing the construct, Burns (1978) drew from the literature on traits, leadership styles, leader-member exchange research, as well as his own observations, and put forth the idea of a transformational and transactional leadership style....

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  • ...Burns, J.M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper & Row. Burns, T., & Stalker, G.M. (1961). The management of innovation. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. Conger, J.A., & Kanungo, R.N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13, 471-482. Conger, J.A., & Kanungo, R.N. (1987). Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings. Academy of Management Review, 12, 637-647. Cowen, S.S. (1990). A study of relationships between perceived leader behaviors of presidents at public fouryear institutions of higher education in the United States and the changes in FTE enrollment, perceptions...

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  • ...This transformational leader was posited as a contrast to the transactional leader who exchanges valent rewards contingent upon a display of desired behaviors (Burns, 1978; Waldman, Bass, & Einstein, 1987)....

    [...]

  • ...Burns, J.M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper & Row. Burns, T., & Stalker, G.M. (1961). The management of innovation. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. Conger, J.A., & Kanungo, R.N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13, 471-482. Conger, J.A., & Kanungo, R.N. (1987). Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings....

    [...]

  • ...Burns, J.M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper & Row. Burns, T., & Stalker, G.M. (1961). The management of innovation. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. Conger, J.A., & Kanungo, R.N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice....

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References
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Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the major issues that are confronting presidents of higher education and determine if transformational or transactional leadership practices and concepts are warranted in addressing their issues.
Abstract: The purpose of the study was primarily concerned with exploring the major issues that are confronting presidents of higher education and determining if transformational or transactional leadership practices and concepts are warranted in addressing their issues. The study attempted to determine if presidents or institutions of higher education are taking the path to success and if they take charge with a transformational or transactional leadership style.

79 citations

01 Jul 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, the value of the TRANSFORMATIONAL, TRANSACTIONAL, and LAISSEZ-FAIRE LEADERSHIP MODEL as measured by the MULTIFACTOR LEADersHIP QUESTIONNAIRE (MLQ 5X) was discussed.
Abstract: THE VALIDITY OF THE TRANSFORMATIONAL, TRANSACTIONAL, AND LAISSEZ-FAIRE LEADERSHIP MODEL AS MEASURED BY THE MULTIFACTOR LEADERSHIP QUESTIONNAIRE (MLQ 5X) by John Antonakis Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Applied Management and Decision Sciences Walden University February 2001 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

79 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between employees' organizational commitment dimensions and leadership styles in Lithuanian manufacturing companies and revealed positive correlations between a transformational leadership style and affective and normative employee commitments.
Abstract: This article investigates the relationship between employees' organizational commitment dimensions and leadership styles in Lithuanian manufacturing companies. The findings of the study reveal positive correlations between a transformational leadership style and affective and normative employee commitments. A laissez-faire leadership style was found to be negatively associated with employees' affective commitment.

79 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the role of leadership in start-ups and outlined a model of when, why and how leadership behavior of founder-CEOs influences start-up performance.
Abstract: This article explores the role of leadership in start-ups and outlines a model of when, why and how leadership behaviour of founder-CEOs influences start-up performance. The model has been tested using a sample of 102 start-ups and their founder-CEOs and includes feedback from 372 employees, rating their leadership behaviour of founder-CEOs. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a significant and positive effect on start-up performance. However, no significant, direct effects on start-up performance were found for transactional leadership or laissez-faire leadership. Furthermore, the size of the start-up has a significant, positive, moderating effect on the relationship between laissez-faire leadership and start-up performance, as well as a significant, positive, moderating effect on the relationship between the transactional leadership dimension, management by exception and start-up performance. Results indicate that for start-ups and their performance, leadership behaviour is as impo...

78 citations