Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition.
10 Sep 2019-Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice (Diabetes Res Clin Pract)-Vol. 157, pp 107843-107843
TL;DR: Just under half a billion people are living with diabetes worldwide and the number is projected to increase by 25% in 2030 and 51% in 2045, with the prevalence higher in urban than rural areas, and in high-income than low-income countries.
About: This article is published in Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.The article was published on 2019-09-10 and is currently open access. It has received 4865 citations till now.
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TL;DR: The global diabetes prevalence in 20-79 year olds in 2021 was estimated to be 10.5% (536.6 million people), rising to 12.2% (783.2 million) in 2045 as mentioned in this paper .
1,451 citations
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of 3,111,714 reported global cases shows that, whilst there is no difference in the proportion of males and females with confirmed COVID-19, male patients have almost three times the odds of requiring intensive treatment unit (ITU) admission and higher odds of death compared to females.
Abstract: Anecdotal evidence suggests that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, exhibits differences in morbidity and mortality between sexes. Here, we present a meta-analysis of 3,111,714 reported global cases to demonstrate that, whilst there is no difference in the proportion of males and females with confirmed COVID-19, male patients have almost three times the odds of requiring intensive treatment unit (ITU) admission (OR = 2.84; 95% CI = 2.06, 3.92) and higher odds of death (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.31, 1.47) compared to females. With few exceptions, the sex bias observed in COVID-19 is a worldwide phenomenon. An appreciation of how sex is influencing COVID-19 outcomes will have important implications for clinical management and mitigation strategies for this disease. Anecdotal reports suggest potential severity and outcome differences between sexes following infection by SARS-CoV-2. Here, the authors perform meta-analyses of more than 3 million cases collected from global public data to demonstrate that male patients with COVID-19 are 3 times more likely to require intensive care, and have ~40% higher death rate.
957 citations
TL;DR: DM was associated with mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, and disease progression in patients with CO VID-19 and the association was weaker in studies with median age ≥55 years-old compared to <55 years old, and in prevalence of hypertension ≥25% compared to<25%.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is chronic conditions with devastating multi-systemic complication and may be associated with severe form of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to investigate the association between DM and poor outcome in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Systematic literature search was performed from several electronic databases on subjects that assess DM and outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia. The outcome of interest was composite poor outcome, including mortality, severe COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), need for intensive care unit (ICU) care, and disease progression. RESULTS: There were a total of 6452 patients from 30 studies. Meta-analysis showed that DM was associated with composite poor outcome (RR 2.38 [1.88, 3.03], p < 0.001; I2: 62%) and its subgroup which comprised of mortality (RR 2.12 [1.44, 3.11], p < 0.001; I2: 72%), severe COVID-19 (RR 2.45 [1.79, 3.35], p < 0.001; I2: 45%), ARDS (RR 4.64 [1.86, 11.58], p = 0.001; I2: 9%), and disease progression (RR 3.31 [1.08, 10.14], p = 0.04; I2: 0%). Meta-regression showed that the association with composite poor outcome was influenced by age (p = 0.003) and hypertension (p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the association was weaker in studies with median age ≥55 years-old (RR 1.92) compared to <55 years-old (RR 3.48), and in prevalence of hypertension ≥25% (RR 1.93) compared to <25% (RR 3.06). Subgroup analysis on median age <55 years-old and prevalence of hypertension <25% showed strong association (RR 3.33) CONCLUSION: DM was associated with mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, and disease progression in patients with COVID-19.
656 citations
Cites background from "Global and regional diabetes preval..."
...(see Table 1) Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions with devastating multi-systemic complication and was estimated to have inflicted 463 million people in 2019 [2]....
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TL;DR: Diabetes in patients with CO VID-19 is associated with a two-fold increase in mortality as well as severity of COVID-19, as compared to non-diabetics.
Abstract: Background Many studies on COVID-19 have reported diabetes to be associated with severe disease and mortality, however, the data is conflicting. The objectives of this meta-analysis were to explore the relationship between diabetes and COVID-19 mortality and severity, and to determine the prevalence of diabetes in patients with COVID-19. Methods We searched the PubMed for case-control studies in English, published between Jan 1 and Apr 22, 2020, that had data on diabetes in patients with COVID-19. The frequency of diabetes was compared between patients with and without the composite endpoint of mortality or severity. Random effects model was used with odds ratio as the effect size. We also determined the pooled prevalence of diabetes in patients with COVID-19. Heterogeneity and publication bias were taken care by meta-regression, sub-group analyses, and trim and fill methods. Results We included 33 studies (16,003 patients) and found diabetes to be significantly associated with mortality of COVID-19 with a pooled odds ratio of 1.90 (95% CI: 1.37–2.64; p Conclusions Diabetes in patients with COVID-19 is associated with a two-fold increase in mortality as well as severity of COVID-19, as compared to non-diabetics. Further studies on the pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic implications need to be done.
474 citations
Cites background from "Global and regional diabetes preval..."
...9%), with the actual number of people with diabetes in India being more than 77million [25,47]....
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National Institute for Health Research1, University of London2, University of Auckland3, University of Cambridge4, Anglia Ruskin University5, Sun Yat-sen University6, Queen's University Belfast7, The Fred Hollows Foundation8, Mbarara University of Science and Technology9, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare10, University of Geneva11, St Thomas' Hospital12, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust13, Southwest University of Visual Arts14, Orbis International15, International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness16, University of Cape Town17, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust18, University of Michigan19, Emory University20, Johns Hopkins University21, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary22, University of São Paulo23, University of Nairobi24, Seva Foundation25, Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology26, Heidelberg University27, The George Institute for Global Health28, University of New South Wales29, L V Prasad Eye Institute30, College of Health Sciences, Bahrain31, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences32, International Institute of Minnesota33, University of the West Indies34, University of Melbourne35, Kenya Medical Training College36, Federal University of São Paulo37, Capital Medical University38, National University of Singapore39, Singapore National Eye Center40, Pan American Health Organization41, Brien Holden Vision Institute42, University of Calabar43
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined eye health as maximised vision, ocular health, and functional ability, thereby contributing to overall health and wellbeing, social inclusion, and quality of life.
435 citations
References
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Theo Vos1, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir, Kalkidan Hassen Abate2, Cristiana Abbafati3 +775 more•Institutions (305)
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016.
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