Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

doi:10.1128/CMR.00006-15

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Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

Journal Article•DOI•

Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

Nadeem O. Kaakoush¹, Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez¹, Hazel M. Mitchell¹, Si Ming Man¹, Si Ming Man² - Show less +1 more•Institutions (2)

University of New South Wales¹, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital²

01 Jul 2015-Clinical Microbiology Reviews (American Society for Microbiology)-Vol. 28, Iss: 3, pp 687-720

TL;DR: Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come.

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Abstract: Campylobacter jejuni infection is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of the last century. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The dramatic increase in North America, Europe, and Australia is alarming, and data from parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East indicate that campylobacteriosis is endemic in these areas, especially in children. In addition to C. jejuni, there is increasing recognition of the clinical importance of emerging Campylobacter species, including Campylobacter concisus and Campylobacter ureolyticus. Poultry is a major reservoir and source of transmission of campylobacteriosis to humans. Other risk factors include consumption of animal products and water, contact with animals, and international travel. Strategic implementation of multifaceted biocontrol measures to reduce the transmission of this group of pathogens is paramount for public health. Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the global epidemiology, transmission, and clinical relevance of Campylobacter infection.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Guillain-Barré syndrome.

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Hugh J. Willison¹, Bart C. Jacobs², Pieter A. van Doorn²•Institutions (2)

University of Glasgow¹, Erasmus University Rotterdam²

13 Aug 2016-The Lancet

TL;DR: The data for GBS suggests that the immunologic mechanism can involve molecular mimicry, at least in some GBS variants, and it is likely that multiple mechanisms render the axon vulnerable.

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925 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Against Selected Gram-negative Foodborne Pathogens.

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Yuet Ying Loo¹, Yaya Rukayadi¹, M. A. R. Nor-Khaizura¹, C. H. Kuan², Buong Woei Chieng¹, Mitsuaki Nishibuchi³, Son Radu¹ - Show less +3 more•Institutions (3)

Universiti Putra Malaysia¹, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman², Kyoto University³

16 Jul 2018-Frontiers in Microbiology

TL;DR: It is indicated that AgNPs exhibit a strong antimicrobial activity and thus might be developed as a new type of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infection including multidrug resistant bacterial infection.

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Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) used in this study were synthesized using pu-erh tea leaves extract with particle size of 4.06 nm. The antibacterial activity of green synthesized AgNPs against a diverse range of Gram-negative foodborne pathogens was determined using disk diffusion method, resazurin microtitre-plate assay (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration test (MBC). The MIC and MBC of AgNPs against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Enteritidis were 7.8, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9 and 7.8, 3.9, 7.8, 3.9 μg/mL, respectively. Time-kill curves were used to evaluate the concentration between MIC and bactericidal activity of AgNPs at concentrations ranging from 0×MIC to 8×MIC. The killing activity of AgNPs was fast acting against all the Gram-negative bacteria tested; the reduction in the number of CFU mL-1 was >3 Log10 units (99.9%) in 1-2 h. This study indicates that AgNPs exhibit a strong antimicrobial activity and thus might be developed as a new type of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infection including multidrug resistant bacterial infection.

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306 citations

Cites background from "Global Epidemiology of Campylobacte..."

...…and it was proved that AgNPs are effective against multidrug resistant bacteria such as multidrug resistant E. coli (Paredes et al., 2014; Kar et al., 2016), multidrug resistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Durairaj et al., 2012), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)…...
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Journal Article•DOI•

Animals as sources of food-borne pathogens: A review

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Norma Heredia¹, Santos García¹•Institutions (1)

Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León¹

04 May 2018-Animal Nutrition

TL;DR: The evidence that links animals as vehicles of the foodborne pathogens Salmonella, Campylobacter, Shiga toxigenic E. coli, and L. monocytogenes, their impact, and their current status is reviewed.

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296 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Campylobacteriosis: the role of poultry meat.

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C. P. A. Skarp¹, M-L Hanninen², Hilpi Rautelin¹, Hilpi Rautelin²•Institutions (2)

Uppsala University¹, University of Helsinki²

01 Feb 2016-Clinical Microbiology and Infection

TL;DR: Overall, poultry is an important reservoir and source of human campylobacteriosis, although the contribution of other sources, reservoirs and transmission warrants more research.

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284 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Campylobacteriosis, Salmonellosis, Yersiniosis, and Listeriosis as Zoonotic Foodborne Diseases: A Review

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Agnieszka Chlebicz¹, Katarzyna Śliżewska¹•Institutions (1)

Lodz University of Technology¹

26 Apr 2018-International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

TL;DR: The aim of the paper is to summarize and provide information on campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, yersiniosis, and listeriosis and the aetiological factors of those diseases, along with the general characteristics of pathogens, virulence factors, and reservoirs.

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Abstract: Zoonoses are diseases transmitted from animals to humans, posing a great threat to the health and life of people all over the world. According to WHO estimations, 600 million cases of diseases caused by contaminated food were noted in 2010, including almost 350 million caused by pathogenic bacteria. Campylobacter, Salmonella, as well as Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes may dwell in livestock (poultry, cattle, and swine) but are also found in wild animals, pets, fish, and rodents. Animals, often being asymptomatic carriers of pathogens, excrete them with faeces, thus delivering them to the environment. Therefore, pathogens may invade new individuals, as well as reside on vegetables and fruits. Pathogenic bacteria also penetrate food production areas and may remain there in the form of a biofilm covering the surfaces of machines and equipment. A common occurrence of microbes in food products, as well as their improper or careless processing, leads to common poisonings. Symptoms of foodborne infections may be mild, sometimes flu-like, but they also may be accompanied by severe complications, some even fatal. The aim of the paper is to summarize and provide information on campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, yersiniosis, and listeriosis and the aetiological factors of those diseases, along with the general characteristics of pathogens, virulence factors, and reservoirs.

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246 citations

Cites background from "Global Epidemiology of Campylobacte..."

...could cause symptoms associated with campylobacteriosis, and 9 × 104 bacteria is considered the optimum infective dose [27]....
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...Symptoms disappear within 5–7 days [27,51]....
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...This movement is possible due to a single, polar flagellum positioned on one or both ends of the cell [27,28]....
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...Possible complications include: peripheral neuropathies, including the Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS, neurological disorder characterised by weakness of limbs, possible involvement of respiratory muscles, anaemia, and sensory loss); reactive arthritis (REA, involving knees and ankles, occurring about a month after infection and developing for as long as 5 years); and functional intestinal disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) [27,46,52,53]....
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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

Longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the UK (IID2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice

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Clarence C. Tam¹, Laura C. Rodrigues, Laura Viviani, Julie Dodds, Meirion Rhys Evans, Paul R. Hunter, Jim Gray, Louise Letley, Greta Rait, D. S. Tompkins, Sarah J. O'Brien - Show less +7 more•Institutions (1)

University of London¹

01 Jan 2012-Gut

TL;DR: It is estimated that there are up to 17 million sporadic, community cases of IID and 1 million GP consultations annually in the UK and control efforts must focus particularly on reducing the burden due to Campylobacter and enteric viruses.

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Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To estimate, overall and by organism, the incidence of infectious intestinal disease (IID) in the community, presenting to general practice (GP) and reported to national surveillance. DESIGN: Prospective, community cohort study and prospective study of GP presentation conducted between April 2008 and August 2009. SETTING: Eighty-eight GPs across the UK recruited from the Medical Research Council General Practice Research Framework and the Primary Care Research Networks. PARTICIPANTS: 6836 participants registered with the 88 participating practices in the community study; 991 patients with UK-acquired IID presenting to one of 37 practices taking part in the GP presentation study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IID rates in the community, presenting to GP and reported to national surveillance, overall and by organism; annual IID cases and GP consultations by organism. RESULTS: The overall rate of IID in the community was 274 cases per 1000 person-years (95% CI 254 to 296); the rate of GP consultations was 17.7 per 1000 person-years (95% CI 14.4 to 21.8). There were 147 community cases and 10 GP consultations for every case reported to national surveillance. Norovirus was the most common organism, with incidence rates of 47 community cases per 1000 person-years and 2.1 GP consultations per 1000 person-years. Campylobacter was the most common bacterial pathogen, with a rate of 9.3 cases per 1000 person-years in the community, and 1.3 GP consultations per 1000 person-years. We estimate that there are up to 17 million sporadic, community cases of IID and 1 million GP consultations annually in the UK. Of these, norovirus accounts for 3 million cases and 130,000 GP consultations, and Campylobacter is responsible for 500,000 cases and 80,000 GP consultations. CONCLUSIONS: IID poses a substantial community and healthcare burden in the UK. Control efforts must focus particularly on reducing the burden due to Campylobacter and enteric viruses.

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515 citations

"Global Epidemiology of Campylobacte..." refers background in this paper

...Investigation of the prevalence of pathogen-induced diarrhea in the United Kingdom in 2008 to 2009 revealed that the prevalence of Campylobacter species had not decreased compared to that observed 15 years prior (21)....
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...The Health Protection Agency in the United Kingdom July 2015 Volume 28 Number 3 cmr.asm.org 703Clinical Microbiology Reviews on M arch 21, 2021 by guest http://cm r.asm .org/ D ow nloaded from found that person-to-person transmission was the source of outbreaks in 3% (5/143 cases) of the campylobacteriosis cases from 1992 to 2009 (31)....
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...In this study, the reported rate of campylobacteriosis was 9.3 cases per 1,000 person-years in the community, with an estimated total of 500,000 cases and 80,000 general practitioner consultations across the United Kingdom annually (47)....
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...Between 1992 and 2009, 143 outbreaks were reported in England and Wales, United Kingdom....
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...3 cases per 1,000 person-years in the community, with an estimated total of 500,000 cases and 80,000 general practitioner consultations across the United Kingdom annually (47)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Epidemiologic and Clinical Features of Campylobacter jejuni Infections

[...]

Martin J. Blaser¹•Institutions (1)

Vanderbilt University¹

01 Dec 1997-The Journal of Infectious Diseases

TL;DR: The high incidence of C. jejuni infections and their propensity to invade tissue and to induce inflammation are compatible with a role in the causation of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

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Abstract: Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Campylobacter and of related genera frequently colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of humans, other mammals, and birds. One organism, Campylobacter jejuni, has been recognized as an important human pathogen, usually causing a diarrheal illness. Infection is common throughout the world, but clinical and epidemiologic features differ in developed and developing countries. The high incidence of C. jejuni infections and their propensity to invade tissue and to induce inflammation are compatible with a role in the causation of Guillain-Barre syndrome.

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488 citations

"Global Epidemiology of Campylobacte..." refers background in this paper

...The peak of illness can last 24 to 48 h and may include abdominal pain that mimics appendicitis (10)....
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...Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and blood (gross or microscopic) can be observed in the stool, and diffuse inflammatory colitis is present in colonic biopsy specimens from infected patients (10)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter: emergence, transmission and persistence.

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Taradon Luangtongkum¹, Byeonghwa Jeon¹, Jing Han¹, Paul J. Plummer¹, Catherine M. Logue², Qijing Zhang¹ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (2)

Iowa State University¹, North Dakota State University²

04 Mar 2009-Future Microbiology

TL;DR: The trend in fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance in Campylobacter is described, the mechanisms underlying the resistance to various antibiotics are summarized and the unique features associated with the emergence, transmission and persistence of antibiotic-resistant Campyloblacter are discussed.

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Abstract: Campylobacter is a leading foodborne bacterial pathogen, which causes gastroenteritis in humans. This pathogenic organism is increasingly resistant to antibiotics, especially fluoroquinolones and macrolides, which are the most frequently used antimicrobials for the treatment of campylobacteriosis when clinical therapy is warranted. As a zoonotic pathogen, Campylobacter has a broad animal reservoir and infects humans via contaminated food, water or milk. Antibiotic usage in both animal agriculture and human medicine, can influence the development of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter. This review will describe the trend in fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance in Campylobacter, summarize the mechanisms underlying the resistance to various antibiotics and discuss the unique features associated with the emergence, transmission and persistence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter. Special attention will be given to recent findings and emphasis will be placed on Campylobacter resistance to fluoroquinolones...

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459 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Ranking the Disease Burden of 14 Pathogens in Food Sources in the United States Using Attribution Data from Outbreak Investigations and Expert Elicitation

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Michael B. Batz¹, Sandra Hoffmann², J. Glenn Morris¹•Institutions (2)

Emerging Pathogens Institute¹, United States Department of Agriculture²

01 Jul 2012-Journal of Food Protection

TL;DR: This study conducted to estimate the U.S. health burden of 14 major pathogens in 12 broad categories of food and to then rank the resulting 168 pathogen-food combinations found disease burden was concentrated among a relatively small number of pathogen/food combinations.

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456 citations

"Global Epidemiology of Campylobacte..." refers background in this paper

...3 billion, while in the Netherlands, it is estimated to be €21 million (32, 52)....
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...In the United States, the annual number of campylobacteriosis cases, based on 10 years of outbreak data (1998 to 2008), was estimated to be 845,024 cases, resulting in 8,463 hospitalizations and 76 deaths (32)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Analysis of foodborne outbreak data reported internationally for source attribution.

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Judy Greig¹, André Ravel•Institutions (1)

Public Health Agency of Canada¹

31 Mar 2009-International Journal of Food Microbiology

TL;DR: The usefulness of foodborne outbreak data extracted from publicly available international electronic reports and publications to provide estimates of food attribution is explored, to derive and compare these estimates between regions, while improving the understanding of the pathogen/food vehicle combination.

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429 citations