Journal ArticleDOI
Global obesity: trends, risk factors and policy implications
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TLDR
Owing to the scope and complexity of the obesity epidemic, prevention strategies and policies across multiple levels are needed in order to have a measurable effect and should include high-level global policies from the international community and coordinated efforts by governments, organizations, communities and individuals to positively influence behavioural change.Abstract:
The worldwide increase in obesity has been driven by global trade liberalization, economic growth and rapid urbanization. Owing to the scope and complexity of the obesity epidemic, prevention strategies and policies across multiple levels are needed in order to have a measurable effect. Although many putative causes of the obesity epidemic exist, in this Review the effect of globalization on global trends in obesity prevalence is discussed and population-based interventions from several countries are reviewed. The authors make broad policy recommendations for obesity and chronic disease prevention at the global population level.read more
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Global, regional, and national burden of cardiovascular diseases for 10 causes, 1990 to 2015
Gregory A. Roth,Catherine O. Johnson,Amanuel Alemu Abajobir,Foad Abd-Allah,Semaw Ferede Abera,Gebre Yitayih Abyu,Muktar Beshir Ahmed,Baran Aksut,Tahiya Alam,Khurshid Alam,François Alla,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Stephen M. Amrock,Hossein Ansari,Johan Ärnlöv,Hamid Asayesh,Tesfay Mehari Atey,Leticia Avila-Burgos,Ashish Awasthi,Amitava Banerjee,Aleksandra Barac,Till Bärnighausen,Lars Barregard,Neeraj Bedi,Ezra Belay Ketema,Derrick A Bennett,Gebremedhin Berhe,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Shimelash Bitew,Jonathan R. Carapetis,Juan Jesus Carrero,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Jacqueline Castillo-Rivas,Ferrán Catalá-López,Jee Young Choi,Hanne Christensen,Massimo Cirillo,Leslie T. Cooper,Michael H. Criqui,David K. Cundiff,Albertino Damasceno,Lalit Dandona,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Kairat Davletov,Samath D Dharmaratne,Prabhakaran Dorairaj,Manisha Dubey,Rebecca Ehrenkranz,Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,Emerito Jose Aquino Faraon,Alireza Esteghamati,Talha Farid,Maryam S. Farvid,Valery L. Feigin,Eric L. Ding,Gerry Fowkes,Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot,Richard F. Gillum,Audra Gold,Philimon Gona,Rajeev Gupta,Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold,Nima Hafezi-Nejad,Tesfaye Hailu,Gessessew Bugssa Hailu,Graeme J. Hankey,Hamid Yimam Hassen,Kalkidan Hassen Abate,Rasmus Havmoeller,Simon I. Hay,Simon I. Hay,Masako Horino,Peter J. Hotez,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Spencer L. James,Mehdi Javanbakht,Panniyammakal Jeemon,Denny John,Jost B. Jonas,Yogeshwar Kalkonde,Chante Karimkhani,Amir Kasaeian,Yousef Khader,Abdur Rahman Khan,Young-Ho Khang,Sahil Khera,Abdullah T Khoja,Jagdish Khubchandani,Daniel Kim,Dhaval Kolte,Soewarta Kosen,Kristopher J Krohn,G Anil Kumar,Gene F. Kwan,Dharmesh Kumar Lal,Anders Larsson,Shai Linn,Alan D. Lopez,Paulo A. Lotufo,Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek,Reza Malekzadeh,Mohsen Mazidi,Toni Meier,Kidanu Gebremariam Meles,George A. Mensah,Atte Meretoja,Haftay Berhane Mezgebe,Ted R. Miller,Erkin M. Mirrakhimov,Shafiu Mohammed,Andrew E. Moran,Kamarul Imran Musa,Jagat Narula,Bruce Neal,Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni,Grant Nguyen,Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer,Mayowa O. Owolabi,George C Patton,João Mário Pedro,Dima M. Qato,Mostafa Qorbani,Kazem Rahimi,Rajesh Kumar Rai,Salman Rawaf,Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro,Saeid Safiri,Joshua A. Salomon,Itamar S. Santos,Milena M Santric Milicevic,Benn Sartorius,Aletta E. Schutte,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Masood Ali Shaikh,Min-Jeong Shin,Mehdi H. Shishehbor,Hirbo Shore,Diego Augusto Santos Silva,Eugene Sobngwi,Saverio Stranges,Soumya Swaminathan,Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos,Niguse Tadele Atnafu,Fisaha Haile Tesfay,Jarnail Singh Thakur,Amanda G. Thrift,Roman Topor-Madry,Thomas Truelsen,Stefanos Tyrovolas,Kingsley N. Ukwaja,Olalekan A. Uthman,Tommi Vasankari,Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov,Stein Emil Vollset,Tolassa Wakayo,David A Watkins,Robert G. Weintraub,Andrea Werdecker,Ronny Westerman,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Charles D.A. Wolfe,Abdulhalik Workicho,Gelin Xu,Yuichiro Yano,Paul S. F. Yip,Naohiro Yonemoto,Mustafa Z. Younis,Chuanhua Yu,Theo Vos,Mohsen Naghavi,Christopher J L Murray +173 more
TL;DR: The GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2015 study integrated data on disease incidence, prevalence, and mortality to produce consistent, up-to-date estimates for cardiovascular burden, finding that CVDs remain a major cause of health loss for all regions of the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture
Adela Hruby,Frank B. Hu +1 more
TL;DR: The extent of the obesity epidemic, its risk factors—known and novel—, sequelae, and economic impact across the globe are discussed.
Short sleep duration and weight gain : a systematic review
TL;DR: This work reviews the literature regarding short sleep duration as an independent risk factor for obesity and weight gain and suggests sleep deprivation may influence weight through effects on appetite, physical activity, and/or thermoregulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global burden of stroke and risk factors in 188 countries, during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.
Valery L. Feigin,Gregory A. Roth,Mohsen Naghavi,Priya Parmar,Rita Krishnamurthi,Sumeet Chugh,George A. Mensah,Bo Norrving,Ivy Shiue,Ivy Shiue,Marie Ng,Kara Estep,Kelly Cercy,Christopher J L Murray,Mohammad H. Forouzanfar +14 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that more than 90% of the stroke burden is attributable to modifiable risk factors, and achieving control of behavioural and metabolic risk factors could avert more than three-quarters of the global stroke burden.
Journal ArticleDOI
Resolved: there is sufficient scientific evidence that decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption will reduce the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases
TL;DR: The evidence that decreasing SSBs will decrease the risk of obesity and related diseases such as T2D is compelling and prevention of long‐term weight gain through dietary changes such as limiting consumption of SSBs is more important than short-term weight loss in reducing the prevalence of obesity in the population.
References
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William C. Knowler,Elizabeth Barrett-Connor,Sarah E. Fowler,Richard F. Hamman,John M. Lachin,Elizabeth A. Walker,David M. Nathan +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared a lifestyle intervention with metformin to prevent or delay the development of Type 2 diabetes in nondiabetic individuals. And they found that the lifestyle intervention was significantly more effective than the medication.
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TL;DR: Type 2 diabetes can be prevented by changes in the lifestyles of high-risk subjects by means of individualized counseling aimed at reducing weight, total intake of fat, and intake of saturated fat and increasing intake of fiber and physical activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies.
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Department of Health and Human Services.
TL;DR: This letter is in response to your two Citizen Petitions, requesting that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA or the Agency) require a cancer warning on cosmetic talc products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical Activity and Public Health: A Recommendation From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine
Russell R. Pate,Michael Pratt,Steven N. Blair,William L. Haskell,Caroline A. Macera,Claude Bouchard,David Buchner,Walter H. Ettinger,Gregory W. Heath,Abby C. King,Andrea M. Kriska,Arther S. Leon,Bess H. Marcus,Jeremy N. Morris,Ralph S. Paffenbarger,Kevin Patrick,Michael L. Pollock,James Rippe,James F. Sallis,Jack H. Wilmore +19 more
TL;DR: Every US adult should accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity on most, preferably all, days of the week.
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