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Journal Article

Global Positioning System : Theory and Applications I

01 Jan 1996-Progress in Astronautics and Rocketry (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics)-Vol. 163, pp 3-55
TL;DR: Differential GPS and Integrity Monitoring differential GPS Pseudolites Wide Area Differential GPS Wide Area Augmentation System Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring Integrated Navigation Systems Integration of GPS and Loran-C GPS and Inertial Integration Receiver Aut autonomous Integrity Monitoring Availability for GPS Augmented with Barometric Altimeter Aiding and Clock Coasting
Abstract: Differential GPS and Integrity Monitoring Differential GPS Pseudolites Wide Area Differential GPS Wide Area Augmentation System Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring Integrated Navigation Systems Integration of GPS and Loran-C GPS and Inertial Integration Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring Availability for GPS Augmented with Barometric Altimeter Aiding and Clock Coasting GPS and Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) GPS Navigation Applications Land Vehicle Navigation and Tracking Marine Applications Applications of the GPS to Air Traffic Control GPS Applications in General Aviation Aircraft Automatic Approach and Landing Using GPS Precision Landing of Aircraft Using Integrity Beacons Spacecraft Attitude Control Using GPS Carrier Phase Special Applications GPS for Precise Time and Time Interval Measurement Surveying with the Global Position System Attitude Determination Geodesy Orbit Determination Test Range Instrumentation.
Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
09 Jul 2003
TL;DR: This paper proposes a method for all nodes to determine their orientation and position in an ad-hoc network where only a fraction of the nodes have positioning capabilities, under the assumption that each node has the AOA capability.
Abstract: Position information of individual nodes is useful in implementing functions such as routing and querying in ad-hoc networks. Deriving position information by using the capability of the nodes to measure time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA), angle of arrival (AOA) and signal strength have been used to localize nodes relative to a frame of reference. The nodes in an ad-hoc network can have multiple capabilities and exploiting one or more of the capabilities can improve the quality of positioning. In this paper, we show how AOA capability of the nodes can be used to derive position information. We propose a method for all nodes to determine their orientation and position in an ad-hoc network where only a fraction of the nodes have positioning capabilities, under the assumption that each node has the AOA capability.

2,285 citations


Cites methods from "Global Positioning System : Theory ..."

  • ...In Global Positioning System[12], the system is solved using nonlinear methods based on successive approximations, but it also can be solved by reduction to a linear system by subtracting one equation from the rest....

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  • ...called triangulation, is somewhat similar to the trilateration problem, used in GPS[12]....

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Dec 2001
TL;DR: This work is proposing APS - a distributed, hop by hop positioning algorithm, that works as an extension of both distance vector routing and GPS positioning in order to provide approximate location for all nodes in a network where only a limited fraction of nodes have self location capability.
Abstract: Many ad hoc network protocols and applications assume the knowledge of geographic location of nodes. The absolute location of each networked node is an assumed fact by most sensor networks which can then present the sensed information on a geographical map. Finding location without the aid of GPS in each node of an ad hoc network is important in cases where GPS is either not accessible, or not practical to use due to power, form factor or line of sight conditions. Location would also enable routing in sufficiently isotropic large networks, without the use of large routing tables. We are proposing APS - a distributed, hop by hop positioning algorithm, that works as an extension of both distance vector routing and GPS positioning in order to provide approximate location for all nodes in a network where only a limited fraction of nodes have self location capability.

1,887 citations


Cites background from "Global Positioning System : Theory ..."

  • ...In Global Positioning System (GPS) [6], triangulation uses ranges to at least four known satellites to find the coordinates of the receiver, and the clock bias of the receiver....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work is proposing APS – a localized, distributed, hop by hop positioning algorithm, that works as an extension of both distance vector routing and GPS positioning in order to provide approximate position for all nodes in a network where only a limited fraction of nodes have self positioning capability.
Abstract: Many ad hoc network protocols and applications assume the knowledge of geographic location of nodes. The absolute position of each networked node is an assumed fact by most sensor networks which can then present the sensed information on a geographical map. Finding position without the aid of GPS in each node of an ad hoc network is important in cases where GPS is either not accessible, or not practical to use due to power, form factor or line of sight conditions. Position would also enable routing in sufficiently isotropic large networks, without the use of large routing tables. We are proposing APS --- a localized, distributed, hop by hop positioning algorithm, that works as an extension of both distance vector routing and GPS positioning in order to provide approximate position for all nodes in a network where only a limited fraction of nodes have self positioning capability.

1,700 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A distributed position-based network protocol optimized for minimum energy consumption in mobile wireless networks that support peer-to-peer communications that proves to be self-reconfiguring and stays close to the minimum energy solution when applied to mobile networks.
Abstract: We describe a distributed position-based network protocol optimized for minimum energy consumption in mobile wireless networks that support peer-to-peer communications. Given any number of randomly deployed nodes over an area, we illustrate that a simple local optimization scheme executed at each node guarantees strong connectivity of the entire network and attains the global minimum energy solution for stationary networks. Due to its localized nature, this protocol proves to be self-reconfiguring and stays close to the minimum energy solution when applied to mobile networks. Simulation results are used to verify the performance of the protocol.

1,666 citations

BookDOI
08 Apr 2011
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the latest tools for analysis and design of advanced guidance, navigation and control systems and present new material on underwater vehicles and surface vessels.
Abstract: The technology of hydrodynamic modeling and marine craft motion control systems has progressed greatly in recent years. This timely survey includes the latest tools for analysis and design of advanced guidance, navigation and control systems and presents new material on underwater vehicles and surface vessels. Each section presents numerous case studies and applications, providing a practical understanding of how model-based motion control systems are designed.

1,389 citations


Cites background or methods from "Global Positioning System : Theory ..."

  • ...In 1994 Navstar GPS was declared fully operational (global coverage) even though the first satellite was launched in 1974 (Parkinson and Spilker, 1995)....

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  • ...The United States NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS) has been fully operative since 1995 (see Hofmann-Wellenhof et al., 1994; Parkinson and Spilker, 1995)....

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References
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21 Sep 1990
TL;DR: Simulation results indicate that normal GPS positioning errors can potentially be reduced by more than 95% using WADGPS.
Abstract: The Global Positioning System (GPS) has proven to be an extremely accurate positioning sensor for a wide variety of applications. However in some situations, such as aircraft approach and landing, higher accuracy is required. Wide Area Differential GPS (WADGPS) is a system which could be used to meet such requirements. The WADGPS system is comprised of a master station, and local monitor stations distributed across the United States. The WADGPS system calculates and transmits a vector of error corrections to the users. This correction vector consists of parameters describing the three dimensional ephemeris errors, satellite clock offsets, and ionospheric time delay parameters. The master station gathers GPS measurements made at each of the local stations and estimates the errors using a combination of batch least squares plus either nonlinear static estimation or Kalman filtering algorithm. The performance of a 15 station WADGPS network was investigated by simulation for users at sites across the U.S. The monitor stations were located at existing LORAN or VOR stations. Simulation results indicate that normal GPS positioning errors can potentially be reduced by more than 95% using WADGPS.

86 citations

01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: The accuracy of the ephemeris and clock corrections contained in the GPS navigation message is discussed.
Abstract: We discuss the accuracy of the ephemeris and clock corrections contained in the GPS navigation message.

55 citations

01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: This chapter devotes one section to address each of the following questions: how complex are the integration algorithms required to provide the desired level of performance, with options for growth to meet future requirements?
Abstract: T HE Global Positioning System (GPS) and inertial navigation systems (INS) have complementary operational characteristics. Even a modest attempt to combine their functionality in an integrated navigation system can produce a system performance superior to either one acting alone. However, because of the costs of such benefits, it is fitting to inquire about trade-offs that would justify the investment. Trade studies typically address the following questions: 1) What benefits of GPS/inertial integration are important in the application being considered? 2) What configuration of data paths (integration architecture) is appropriate for the application? 3) How complex are the integration algorithms required to provide the desired level of performance, with options for growth to meet future requirements? This chapter devotes one section to address each one of these questions. Because of space limitations, the presentation is qualitative, with only limited recourse to the underlying mathematical structures required to understand integration filtering and the performance evaluation of an integrated navigation system. Wherever possible, the reader is directed to other chapters in this text for those details, or to the literature. Furthermore, the properties of GPS user equipment (UE) and inertial navigation systems cited here are generic rather than specific, and they are representative of technology circa 1993.

53 citations

01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: In the early 1970s, laser trackers became available to support test activities as discussed by the authors, and a combination of radar, distance-measuring equipment (DME), optical trackers such as cinetheodolites, and other miscellaneous instrumentation to provide time-space position information (TSPI) to satisfy test platform positioning requirements.
Abstract: H ISTORICALLY, land-based test facilities have used a combination of radar, distance-measuring equipment (DME), optical trackers such as cinetheodolites, and other miscellaneous instrumentation to provide time-space position information (TSPI) to satisfy test platform positioning requirements. In the early 1970s, laser trackers became available to support test activities. Each of these systems had their strong and weak points, and systems were used depending on the accuracy, area of coverage requirements, and cost considerations. Radar systems could cover fairly large line-of-sight areas, but accuracys were low (25-50 ft), and cost was high. DME and laser systems had limited areas of coverage, were fairly accurate (2-5 m), and had medium cost. Cinetheodolites provided very high accuracy (0.5-1 m) over very limited areas; the cost was very high, and delays of 2-6 weeks for data processing was the norm. To obtain overland coverage of larger areas, instrumented test ranges were selected at both ends of a flight trajectory and special radar sites were built or FAA air traffic radars were used to cover the enroute areas. Test support for these types of overland flights was very expensive. Examples of these types of support activities were the Edwards AFB, California to Utah Test Range located near Salt Lake City, Utah and a route from Edwards Air Force Base to White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. A combination of radar and DME [i.e., the General Dynamics, Inc. Position Location System (PLS) and the Cubic Corporation Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation (ACMI)] systems were used to satisfy combat training requirements. Most of these systems were designed to work in real time, and locations of ground transponders and communication links limited the area of coverage. These systems were very expensive to operate and maintain.

4 citations