Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32154-2

Citations

PDF

Open Access

More filters

Journal Article•DOI•

Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of orally administered atogepant for the prevention of episodic migraine in adults: a double-blind, randomised phase 2b/3 trial

[...]

Peter J. Goadsby¹, David W. Dodick², Jessica Ailani³, Joel M Trugman, Michelle Finnegan, Kaifeng Lu, Armin Szegedi - Show less +3 more•Institutions (3)

King's College London¹, Mayo Clinic², MedStar Georgetown University Hospital³

01 Sep 2020-Lancet Neurology

TL;DR: Across the 12-week treatment period, all five atogepant groups showed significant least-squares mean (SE) change from baseline in mean monthly migraine days across 12 weeks of treatment using a modified intention-to-treat approach.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Summary Background Atogepant is an orally administered, small-molecule, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist under investigation for treatment of migraine. We aimed to examine a range of oral doses for safety, tolerability, and efficacy for the preventive treatment of migraine. Methods In this double-blind, phase 2b/3 trial, adults (aged 18–75 years), with a history (≥1 year) of migraine and 4–14 migraine days per month, were randomly assigned 2:1:2:2:1:1 (by means of a sequence generated by the statistical programming department of the sponsor, and operationalised through an automated interactive web-based response system) to receive placebo or atogepant 10 mg once daily, 30 mg once daily, 60 mg once daily, 30 mg twice daily, or 60 mg twice daily, in matching capsules. Participants, site personnel, and all study sponsor personnel were masked to treatment allocations. The study was done in 78 academic and private practice settings in the USA. The primary outcome was change from baseline in monthly migraine days across 12 weeks of treatment using a modified intention-to-treat approach. The overall type I error rate for multiple comparisons across active treatment doses was controlled at the 0·05 level by means of a graphic approach. The main outcomes to assess safety and tolerability were adverse event recordings. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT02848326 and is completed. Findings Between Sept 6, 2016, and April 23, 2018, of 1772 individuals screened, 834 were randomly assigned and 825 received one dose or more of study medication: 186 received placebo, 93 atogepant 10 mg once daily, 183 atogepant 30 mg once daily, 186 atogepant 60 mg once daily, 86 atogepant 30 mg twice daily, and 91 atogepant 60 mg twice daily. Overall, 714 (87%) of 825 participants were female, 628 (76%) were white, median migraine duration was 17·5 years (IQR 10·0–28·0), and 232 (28%) had previously used preventive treatment. The primary efficacy analysis included 795 patients: 178 received placebo, 92 atogepant 10 mg once daily, 182 atogepant 30 mg once daily, 177 atogepant 60 mg once daily, 79 atogepant 30 mg twice daily, and 87 atogepant 60 mg twice daily. Across the 12-week treatment period, all five atogepant groups showed significant least-squares mean (SE) change from baseline in mean monthly migraine days versus placebo: atogepant 10 mg once daily −4·0 (0·3; p=0·024), 30 mg once daily −3·8 (0·2; p=0·039), 60 mg once daily −3·6 (0·2; p=0·039), 30 mg twice daily −4·2 (0·4; p=0·0034), and 60 mg twice daily −4·1 (0·3; p=0·0031); placebo −2·9 (0·2). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) across all groups were nausea (range 5% [5/93] for 10 mg once daily to 12% [22/186] for 60 mg once daily vs 5% [9/186] for placebo) and fatigue (1% [1/93] for 10 mg once daily to 10% [9/91] for 60 mg twice daily vs 3% [6/186] for placebo). Treatment-related TEAE frequency ranged from 18% (17/93) for 10 mg once daily to 26% (24/91) for 60 mg twice daily, versus 16% (30/186) for placebo. Seven participants reported a total of eight serious TEAEs (two participants each in the placebo, 30 mg once-daily, and 60 mg once-daily groups, and one participant in the 10 mg once-daily group). TEAEs leading to discontinuation were reported in 33 (5%) of 639 atogepant participants and 5 (3%) of 186 of those randomised to placebo. All serious TEAEs were unrelated to treatment. Interpretation All doses of oral atogepant were associated with a significant decrease in monthly migraine days over 12 weeks compared with placebo. Atogepant was safe and well tolerated over 12 weeks, supporting its phase 3 development for the preventive treatment of migraine. Funding Allergan (before its acquisition by AbbVie).

...read moreread less

107 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Innovative Models in Mental Health Delivery Systems: Task Sharing Care with Non-specialist Providers to Close the Mental Health Treatment Gap.

[...]

Giuseppe Raviola¹, Giuseppe Raviola², John A. Naslund², Stephanie L. Smith³, Vikram Patel² - Show less +1 more•Institutions (3)

Boston Children's Hospital¹, Harvard University², Brigham and Women's Hospital³

30 Apr 2019-Current Psychiatry Reports

TL;DR: Non-specialist providers and health workers are well positioned to deliver evidence-based interventions for mental disorders, and a variety of delivery approaches can support, facilitate, and sustain this innovation.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Most people do not have access to adequate mental health care, and lack of skilled human resources is a major factor. We provide a narrative review of approaches to implementing task sharing—engaging non-specialist providers—to deliver mental health care. There is strong evidence both for the effectiveness of task sharing as a means of delivering care for a range of conditions across settings and for the effectiveness of non-specialist providers and health workers in delivering elements of culturally adapted psychosocial and psychological interventions for common and severe mental disorders. Key approaches to facilitate task sharing of care include balanced care, collaborative care, sustained training and supervision, use of trans-diagnostic interventions based on a dimensional approach to wellness and illness, and the use of emerging digital technologies. Non-specialist providers and health workers are well positioned to deliver evidence-based interventions for mental disorders, and a variety of delivery approaches can support, facilitate, and sustain this innovation. These approaches should be used, and evaluated, to increase access to mental health services.

...read moreread less

107 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Endometrial Cancer, 1990-2017: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study, 2017.

[...]

Shuang Zhang¹, Ting-Ting Gong¹, Fang-Hua Liu¹, Yu-Ting Jiang¹, Hui Sun¹, Xiao-Xin Ma¹, Yu-Hong Zhao¹, Qi-Jun Wu¹ - Show less +4 more•Institutions (1)

China Medical University (PRC)¹

19 Dec 2019-Frontiers in Oncology

TL;DR: Endometrial cancer incidence and prevalence rates are growing globally, whereas the death rate and DALYs decreased between 1990 and 2017, according to the Global Burden of Disease 2017.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common malignancy affecting women in developed countries. Recently, the EC disease burden has changed; therefore, the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 was used to comprehensively analyze the global, regional, and national burden of EC between 1990 and 2017. General GBD cancer estimation methods were used with the data input from vital registration systems and cancer registries. Annual percent changes were calculated to quantify the trends of EC burden estimates during the study period. Furthermore, the sociodemographic index (SDI) was used to assess the relationship between the EC burden estimates and development level. From 1990 to 2017, the age-standardized incidence and prevalence rate of EC increased globally by 0.58 and 0.89% per year, respectively. In contrast, the age-standardized death rate and disability-adjusted-life years (DALYs) decreased by 1.19 and 1.21% per year, respectively. Increasing trends in both the incidence and prevalence were observed in all SDI quintiles, except for the low SDI quintiles, whereas decreasing trends were observed in all SDI quintiles for mortality and DALYs. Additionally, a non-linear association existed for the level of mortality rate, DALYs, and SDI. Of note, there was a strong positive association between a high body mass index and DALYs across all SDI quintiles. In conclusion, EC incidence and prevalence rates are growing globally, whereas the death rate and DALYs decreased between 1990 and 2017. Greater efforts, particularly detailed prevention strategies for reducing obesity, should be performed to reverse this phenomenon.

...read moreread less

107 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) in Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Regulation and Implication

[...]

Sanaz Nasoohi¹, Saifudeen Ismael¹, Tauheed Ishrat¹, Tauheed Ishrat²•Institutions (2)

University of Tennessee Health Science Center¹, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services²

27 Feb 2018-Molecular Neurobiology

TL;DR: Evidence supporting the significant contribution of regulatory mechanisms ofTXNIP with the development of brain diseases is summarized, pharmacological strategies of targeting TXNIP are explored, and obstacles to be considered for efficient clinical translation are outlined.

...read moreread less

Abstract: Neurological diseases, including acute attacks (e.g., ischemic stroke) and chronic neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), have always been one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These debilitating diseases represent an enormous disease burden, not only in terms of health suffering but also in economic costs. Although the clinical presentations differ for these diseases, a growing body of evidence suggests that oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in brain tissue significantly contribute to their pathology. However, therapies attempting to prevent oxidative damage or inhibiting inflammation have shown little success. Identification and targeting endogenous "upstream" mediators that normalize such processes will lead to improve therapeutic strategy of these diseases. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an endogenous inhibitor of the thioredoxin (TRX) system, a major cellular thiol-reducing and antioxidant system. TXNIP regulating redox/glucose-induced stress and inflammation, now is known to get upregulated in stroke and other brain diseases, and represents a promising therapeutic target. In particular, there is growing evidence that glucose strongly induces TXNIP in multiple cell types, suggesting possible physiological roles of TXNIP in glucose metabolism. Recently, a significant body of literature has supported an essential role of TXNIP in the activation of the NOD-like receptor protein (NLRP3)-inflammasome, a well-established multi-molecular protein complex and a pivotal mediator of sterile inflammation. Accordingly, TXNIP has been postulated to reside centrally in detecting cellular damage and mediating inflammatory responses to tissue injury. The majority of recent studies have shown that pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of TXNIP is neuroprotective and able to reduce detrimental aspects of pathology following cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Conspicuously, the mainstream of the emerging evidences is highlighting TXNIP link to damaging signals in endothelial cells. Thereby, here, we keep the trend to present the accumulative data on CNS diseases dealing with vascular integrity. This review aims to summarize evidence supporting the significant contribution of regulatory mechanisms of TXNIP with the development of brain diseases, explore pharmacological strategies of targeting TXNIP, and outline obstacles to be considered for efficient clinical translation.

...read moreread less

107 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The 2020 International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria for the Diagnosis of Scabies.

[...]

Daniel T. Engelman¹, J. Yoshizumi, Roderick J. Hay², Millicent H. Osti¹, Giuseppe Micali³, Scott A. Norton⁴, Shelley F. Walton⁵, Franck Boralevi, C. Bernigaud⁶, C. Bernigaud⁷, Asha C. Bowen⁸, Asha C. Bowen⁹, Aileen Y. Chang¹⁰, Olivier Chosidow⁶, G. Estrada-Chavez¹¹, Hermann Feldmeier¹², Norihisa Ishii, Francesco Lacarrubba³, Antoine Mahé, Toby Maurer¹³, Toby Maurer¹⁰, M. M.A. Mahdi, Michele E. Murdoch¹⁴, David M. Pariser¹⁵, P. A. Nair, W. Rehmus¹⁶, Lucia Romani¹⁷, Dev Tilakaratne, M. Tuicakau¹⁸, M. Tuicakau¹⁹, Stephen L. Walker²⁰, Stephen L. Walker²¹, Karolyn A. Wanat²², Margot J. Whitfeld¹⁷, Rie Roselyne Yotsu²³, Andrew C Steer¹, L.C. Fuller - Show less +33 more•Institutions (23)

08 Feb 2020-British Journal of Dermatology

TL;DR: Clinical and epidemiological research for scabies has been limited by a lack of standardization of diagnostic methods, and the use of these methods is still limited.

...read moreread less

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Scabies is a common parasitic skin condition that causes considerable morbidity globally. Clinical and epidemiological research for scabies has been limited by a lack of standardization of diagnostic methods. OBJECTIVES: To develop consensus criteria for the diagnosis of common scabies that could be implemented in a variety of settings. METHODS: Consensus diagnostic criteria were developed through a Delphi study with international experts. Detailed recommendations were collected from the expert panel to define the criteria features and guide their implementation. These comments were then combined with a comprehensive review of the available literature and the opinion of an expanded group of international experts to develop detailed, evidence-based definitions and diagnostic methods. RESULTS: The 2020 International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) Consensus Criteria for the Diagnosis of Scabies include three levels of diagnostic certainty and eight subcategories. Confirmed scabies (level A) requires direct visualization of the mite or its products. Clinical scabies (level B) and suspected scabies (level C) rely on clinical assessment of signs and symptoms. Evidence-based, consensus methods for microscopy, visualization and clinical symptoms and signs were developed, along with a media library. CONCLUSIONS: The 2020 IACS Criteria represent a pragmatic yet robust set of diagnostic features and methods. The criteria may be implemented in a range of research, public health and clinical settings by selecting the appropriate diagnostic levels and subcategories. These criteria may provide greater consistency and standardization for scabies diagnosis. Validation studies, development of training materials and development of survey methods are now required. What is already known about this topic? The diagnosis of scabies is limited by the lack of accurate, objective tests. Microscopy of skin scrapings can confirm the diagnosis, but it is insensitive, invasive and often impractical. Diagnosis usually relies on clinical assessment, although visualization using dermoscopy is becoming increasingly common. These diagnostic methods have not been standardized, hampering the interpretation of findings from clinical research and epidemiological surveys, and the development of scabies control strategies. What does this study add? International consensus diagnostic criteria for common scabies were developed through a Delphi study with global experts. The 2020 International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) Criteria categorize diagnosis at three levels of diagnostic certainty (confirmed, clinical and suspected scabies) and eight subcategories, and can be adapted to a range of research and public health settings. Detailed definitions and figures are included to aid training and implementation. The 2020 IACS Criteria may facilitate the standardization of scabies diagnosis.

...read moreread less

106 citations