Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary.
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"Global strategy for the diagnosis, ..." refers background in this paper
...The Global Burden of Disease Study projected that COPD, which ranked sixth as a cause of death in 1990, will become the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020; a newer projection estimated COPD will be the fourth leading cause of death in 2030 (11)....
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...According to the projections, COPD will be the seventh leading cause of DALYs lost worldwide in 2030 (11)....
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7,154 citations
"Global strategy for the diagnosis, ..." refers background in this paper
...The Global Burden of Disease Study (2, 21, 22) has projected that COPD, which ranked sixth as the cause of death in 1990, will become the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020....
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...The Global Burden of Disease Study projected that COPD, which ranked sixth as a cause of death in 1990, will become the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020; a newer projection estimated COPD will be the fourth leading cause of death in 2030 (11)....
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5,740 citations
"Global strategy for the diagnosis, ..." refers methods in this paper
...Eur Respir J 2013 September;42(3):647-54....
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...Eur Respir J 2013 September;42(3):636-46....
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...This can be done by one of three methods: (1) use spirometry to determine the GOLD grade of airflow limitation (GOLD 1 and GOLD 2 categories indicate Low Risk, while GOLD 3 and GOLD 4 indicate High Risk); (2) assess the number of exacerbations the patient has had within the previous 12 months (0 or 1 indicates Low Risk, while 2 or more exacerbations indicates High Risk); (3) determine whether the patient has had one or more hospitalization in the previous year for a COPD exacerbation....
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