Global surface-ocean pCO2 and sea–air CO2 flux variability from an observation-driven ocean mixed-layer scheme
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...The SOCAT v5 data were mapped using a data-driven diagnostic method (Rödenbeck et al., 2013) and a combined selforganising map and feed-forward neural network (Landschützer et al., 2014)....
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"Global surface-ocean pCO2 and sea–a..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Respective thick lines give a Gaussian of the same mean and standard deviation. See Supplementary materi al, Figure S5.2 for global maps of seasonal residuals. Fig. 8. Comparison between the estimated pCO2 field (runSFC, blue) and measurements (black dots) at test locations. Left: data contained in SOCAT v1.5 (larg r dots) at a pixel in the North Pacific, and the pixel around Station M in the North Atlantic. Right: two mooring sites in the North Atlantic (BTM, 32 N, 64 W) and South Pacific (Stratus, 19.70 ◦ S, 85.62 W) by Sabine et al. (2010) that are not part of SOCAT v1.5 (smaller dots). ThepCO2 field has been picked at the times where the measurements exist (connected by straight lines for clarity); the time axes have been limited to respective ye rs with data. The m nthly climatology by Takahashi et al. (2009) (regridded and with added trend parallel to the atmospheric CO 2 increase, violet) is also given....
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...The (diagonal) matrixQc introduces a weighting among the concentration values, involving assumed measurement uncertainty, location-dependent model uncertainty, and a data density weighting, as described in Rödenbeck(2005). The modelled mixing ratios, taken at the same time and location as the observations, are simulated by a numerical transport model (here, the TM3 model, Heimann and K̈orner, 2003), which can formally be written as...
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...We use the formulation according toWanninkhof(1992):...
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"Global surface-ocean pCO2 and sea–a..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Mixed-layer depth is prescribed as a climatology by de Boyer Mont́egut et al.(2004) (downloaded from http://www.locean-ipsl.upmc.fr/∼cdblod/mld.htmlusing the MLD climatology mldT02sk.nc according to a temperature criterion; chosen because the MLD climatology based on a density criterion has incomplete coverage, and there is no MLD product directly based on data that also represents interannual variations)....
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...h LOCEAN de Boyer Mont́ egut et al.(2004) Temperature criterion; All monthly climatology (interpolated)...
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...Mixed-layer depth is prescribed as a climatology by de Boyer Mont́ egut et al.(2004) (downloaded from http://www....
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