Globular Adiponectin as a Complete Mesoangioblast Regulator: Role in Proliferation, Survival, Motility, and Skeletal Muscle Differentiation
Tania Fiaschi,Francesco Tedesco,Elisa Giannoni,Jordi Díaz-Manera,Matteo Parri,Giulio Cossu,Paola Chiarugi +6 more
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TLDR
In vivo experiments confirm that globular adiponectin increases the survival, engraftment, and localization to muscle of mesoangioblasts in α-sarcoglycan-null mice.Abstract:
Mesoangioblasts are progenitor endowed with multipotent mesoderm differentiation ability. Despite the promising results obtained with mesoangioblast transplantation in muscle dystrophy, an improvement of their efficient engrafting and survival within damaged muscles, as well as their ex vivo activation/expansion and commitment toward myogenic lineage, is highly needed and should greatly increase their therapeutic potential. We show that globular adiponectin, an adipokine endowed with metabolic and differentiating functions for muscles, regulates vital cues of mesoangioblast cell biology. The adipokine drives mesoangioblasts to entry cell cycle and strongly counteracts the apoptotic process triggered by growth factor withdrawal, thereby serving as an activating and prosurvival stem cell factor. In addition, adiponectin provides a specific protection against anoikis, the apoptotic death due to lack of anchorage to extracellular matrix, suggesting a key protective role for these nonresident stem cells after systemic injection. Finally, adiponectin behaves as a chemoattractive factor toward mature myotubes and stimulates their differentiation toward the skeletal muscle lineage, serving as a positive regulator in mesoangioblast homing to injured or diseased muscles. We conclude that adiponectin exerts several advantageous effects on mesoangioblasts, potentially valuable to improve their efficacy in cell based therapies of diseased muscles.read more
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Anoikis: an emerging hallmark in health and diseases
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to analyse the molecular mechanisms governing both anoikis and anoIKis resistance, focusing on their regulation in physiological processes, as well as in several diseases, including metastatic cancers, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
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Adiponectin action in skeletal muscle
Ying Liu,Gary Sweeney +1 more
TL;DR: In summary, adiponectin acting in an autocrine and endocrine manner has important metabolic and insulin sensitizing effects on skeletal muscle which contribute to the overall anti-diabetic outcome of adiponECTin action.
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Adiponectin action: a combination of endocrine and autocrine/paracrine effects.
TL;DR: regulation of adiponectin production, its mechanism of action via receptor isoforms and signaling pathways, and its principal physiological effects (i.e., metabolic and cardiovascular) are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adiponectin—Consideration for its Role in Skeletal Muscle Health
TL;DR: The role of adiponectin signaling in skeletal muscle has expanded beyond that of a metabolic regulator to include several aspects of skeletal muscle function and maintenance critical to muscle health, many of which are responsive to, and mediated by, physical exercise.
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Adiponectin as a tissue regenerating hormone: more than a metabolic function
TL;DR: The role of adiponectin in tissue regeneration, mainly referring to skeletal muscle regeneration, is dealt with, a process in which adip onectin is deeply involved and increases proliferation, migration and myogenic properties of both resident stem cells and non-resident muscle precursors.
References
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Diabetes Provides an Unfavorable Environment for Muscle Mass and Function after Muscle Injury in Mice
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that both models of diabetes impair regenerating muscles as well as uninjured muscles, and Regenerating fast muscles are weaker, lighter and slower in diabetic compared with nondiabetic mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Globular adiponectin induces differentiation and fusion of skeletal muscle cells.
Tania Fiaschi,Domenico Cirelli,Giuseppina Comito,Stefania Gelmini,Giampietro Ramponi,Mario Serio,Paola Chiarugi +6 more
TL;DR: A novel function of adiponectin is suggested, directly coordinating the myogenic differentiation program and serving an autocrine function during skeletal myogenesis, as well as to provoke cell fusion into multinucleated syncytia and, finally, muscle fibre formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ex vivo treatment with nitric oxide increases mesoangioblast therapeutic efficacy in muscular dystrophy.
Clara Sciorati,Beatriz G. Gálvez,Silvia Brunelli,Enrico Tagliafico,Stefano Ferrari,Giulio Cossu,Emilio Clementi +6 more
TL;DR: It is found that mesoangioblasts treated with nitric oxide (NO) donors and injected intra-arterially in α-sarcoglycan-null dyStrophic mice have a significantly enhanced ability to migrate to dystrophic muscles, to resist their apoptogenic environment and engraft into them, yielding a significant recovery of α-Sarcolgycan expression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subcutaneous adipose tissue–derived stem cells facilitate colonic mucosal recovery from 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)–induced colitis in rats
Yugo Ando,Muneo Inaba,Yutaku Sakaguchi,Masanobu Tsuda,Guo Ke Quan,Mariko Omae,Kazuichi Okazaki,Susumu Ikehara +7 more
TL;DR: Adipose tissue–derived stem cells can accelerate the regeneration of injured regions in experimental colitis and HGF, VEGF, and adiponectin might be responsible for the Regeneration of injured areas in the colon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Allogeneic mesoangioblasts give rise to alpha-sarcoglycan expressing fibers when transplanted into dystrophic mice.
TL;DR: It is indicated that transplantation of mesoangioblasts into immunologically unrelated host leads to long-term survival of donor cells and this may be further enhanced by appropriate protocols of immune modulation, thus setting the stage for experimentation in large animals and in patients.
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