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Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants
01 Jan 1956-
About: The article was published on 1956-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 5524 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Glossary.
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TL;DR: The roots of Nerium oleander yielded a new cardenolide, 12β-hydroxy-5β-carda-8,14,16,20(22)-tetraenolides, which revealed antibacterial and digoxin-like cardiac activities.
51 citations
TL;DR: The present study infers that T. arjuna leaf demonstrated remarkable antihyperglycemic activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats, plausibly due to its underlying antioxidant role.
Abstract: Context: Terminalia arjuna Roxb. (Combretaceae), commonly known as Arjuna, is a large tree grown throughout the Indian peninsula and used traditionally for several medicinal purposes.Objective: To evaluate antihyperglycemic and antioxidant role of methanol extract of T. arjuna leaf (META) in Wistar rats.Materials and methods: Hyperglycemia was induced in rats by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg body weight). Three days after STZ induction, the hyperglycemic rats were treated with META orally at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight daily for 15 days. Glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg, orally) was used as reference drug. The fasting blood glucose levels were measured on every fifth day during the 15-day treatment. Serum biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol, and total protein were estimated. Antioxidant properties were assessed by estimating hepatic li...
51 citations
Cites background from "Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants..."
...The fruits of the plant are used as a tonic (Chopra et al., 1956)....
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TL;DR: It is reported for the first time the PL inhibitory potential of carbazole alkaloids from plants, as well as bioactivity guided fractionation of the EtOAc extract, of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng leaves, which led to the isolation of four alkaloid species.
Abstract: In the continuing search for newer pancreatic lipase inhibitors from plants, a total of 63 extracts from 21 different plants were screened to study their pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitory activity in vitro. All three extracts (DCM, EtOAc and MeOH) of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng leaves (Rutaceae) exhibited antilipase activity greater than 80%. Further, bioactivity guided fractionation of the EtOAc extract led to the isolation of four alkaloids, namely mahanimbin, koenimbin, koenigicine and clausazoline-K, with IC50 values of 17.9 microM, 168.6 microM, 428.6 microM and <500 microM, respectively. This study reports for the first time the PL inhibitory potential of carbazole alkaloids from plants.
50 citations
Cites background from "Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants..."
...koenigii, commonly known as ‘Curry Patta’, is traditionally used in India as a spice for its characteristic flavor and aroma [12]....
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01 Apr 2006
TL;DR: A detailed survey was carried out by the authors to collect information on both reported and unreported medicinal plants of this region to represent statistical data of the medicinal plants in this region.
Abstract: Plants are natural industries, which provide high quality food and raw material for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and perfumery industries without causing environmental degradation. Medicinal plants as a group comprise approximately 8000 species and account for around 50% of all the higher flowering plant species of India. India possesses almost 8% of the estimated biodiversity of the world with around 0.126% million species. In India, Madhya Pradesh & Chattisgarh are known to harbour a rich wealth of medicinal plants. Studies have shown that these two states are pool of dozens of pharmaceutically important plants. Medicinal activity of few such plants has already been reported but a good number of plants still used by local folklore are yet to be explored. A detailed survey was carried out by the authors to collect information on both reported and unreported medicinal plants of this region. The present article represents statistical data of the medicinal plants of this region.
50 citations
TL;DR: Presence of substantial quantities of dietary antioxidants within AEIA would be responsible for overall protective effect against As-intoxication.
Abstract: Ipomea aquatica (Convolvulaceae) is traditionally used against Arsenic (As) poisoning in folk medicines in India. The present study was designed to explore the therapeutic role of aqueous extract of I. aquatica (AEIA) against As-intoxication. AEIA was chemically standardized by spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis. The cytoprotective role of AEIA was measured on isolated murine hepatocytes. The effect on redox status were measured after incubating the hepatocytes with NaAsO2 (10 μM) + AEIA (400 μg/ml). The protective effect of AEIA (400 μg/ml) in expressions of apoptotic proteins were estimated in vitro. The protective role of AEIA was measured by in vivo assay in mice. Haematological, biochemical, As bioaccumulation and histological parameters were evaluated to ensure the protective role of AEIA (100 mg/kg) against NaAsO2 (10 mg/kg) intoxication. Phytochemical analysis revealed presence of substantial quantities of phenolics, flavonoids, saponins and ascorbic acid in AEIA. Incubation of murine hepatocytes with AEIA (0–400 μg/ml) + NaAsO2 (10 μM) exerted a concentration dependent cytoprotective effect. Incubation of murine hepatocytes with NaAsO2 (10 μM, ~ IC50) induced apoptosis via augmenting oxidative stress. NaAsO2 treated hepatocytes exhibited significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced levels of ROS production, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation with concomitant depletion of antioxidant enzymes (p < 0.05-0.01) and GSH (p < 0.01) levels. However, AEIA (400 μg/ml) + NaAsO2 (10 μM) could significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) reinstate the aforementioned parameters to near-normal status. Besides, AEIA (400 μg/ml) could significantly counteract (p <0.05-0.01) ROS mediated alteration in the expressions of apoptotic proteins viz. Bcl-2, BAD, Cyt C, Apaf 1, caspases, Fas and Bid. In in vivo bioassay, NaAsO2 (10 mg/kg) treatment in mice caused significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) elevated As bioaccumulation, ATP levels, DNA fragmentations and oxidative stress in the liver, kidney, heart, brain and testes along with alteration in cytoarchitecture of these organs. In addition, the serum biochemical and haematological parameters were significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) altered in the NaAsO2-treated animals. However, concurrent administration of AEIA (100 mg/ml) could significantly reinstate the NaAsO2-induced pathogenesis. Presence of substantial quantities of dietary antioxidants within AEIA would be responsible for overall protective effect.
50 citations
Cites background from "Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants..."
...aquatica has been used in folk medicine against different diseases including diabetes [10], liver malfunction [11], constipation [12] and in the treatment of As poisoning [13]....
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