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Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants
01 Jan 1956-
About: The article was published on 1956-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 5524 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Glossary.
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TL;DR: The results suggest that the chloroform and ethanol extracts of C. reflexa exhibit significant antitumor activity in EAC-bearing mice that is comparable to that of the reference standard, 5fluorouracil.
Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effect of the chloroform and ethanol extract of the whole plant of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. (Cuscutaceae) in Swiss albino mice against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell line. Methods: The antitumor activity of the chloroform and ethanol extracts of Cuscuta reflexa was evaluated against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor in mice at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight orally, respectively, while acute oral toxicity studies were performed to determine the safety of the extracts. Briefly, the EAC cells were injected (i.p.) into ninty six mice (divided into 6 numerically equal groups), and after a one-day incubation period, the extracts were administered to the mice daily for 16 days. On day 21, six animals in each group were sacrificed for observation of antitumor activity and the remaining animals were observed to determine host the life span. Antitumor effect was determined by evaluating tumor volume, viable and nonviable tumor cell count and hematological parameters of the host. The standard antitumor used was 5-fluorouracil. Results: Administration of the extracts resulted in a significant ( p < 0.05 ) decrease in tumor volume and viable cell count, but increased non-viable cell count and mean survival time, thereby increasing the life span of the tumor-bearing mice. Restoration of hematological parameters - red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin, white blood cells (WBC) and lymphocyte count - to normal levels in extract-treated mice was also observed. Conclusion: The results suggest that the chloroform and ethanol extracts of C. reflexa exhibit significant antitumor activity in EAC-bearing mice that is comparable to that of the reference standard, 5fluorouracil.
50 citations
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...The preparation inhibited the growth of cancer cells, increased the rate of selfdestruction (apoptosis) of cancer cells, and prevented the surviving cells from forming colonies [4]....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: The present study clearly indicated a significant antidiabetic activity with the chloroform extract of A. paniculata roots and supports the traditional usage of the plant by Ayurvedic physicians for the control of diabetes.
Abstract: The chloroform extract of Andrographis paniculata roots was tested for its antihyperglycemic activity in alloxan induced diabetic rats using chronic and acute studies. The blood glucose lowering activity was determined after oral administration at doses of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight in acute study. Where as in case of chronic study blood glucose, protein, albumin and creatinine levels were estimated after 4 weeks of treatment at the dose of 300 mg/kg. Significant reductions in blood glucose levels were observed in both acute and chronic studies. The extract significanly inhibited the induction of albuminuria, proteinemia and uremia. The present study clearly indicated a significant antidiabetic activity with the chloroform extract of A. paniculata roots and supports the traditional usage of the plant by Ayurvedic physicians for the control of diabetes. Also the extract is useful in preventing the incidence of long-term complication, diabetic nephropathy.
50 citations
TL;DR: Rapid death was observed in sheep receiving single doses of the mixture of the two plants and effects were correlated with changes in the activities of serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and concentrations of cholesterol, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, globulin and urea and haematological parameters.
50 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Pretreatment with an extract of Balessan prevented the prolongation of the barbiturate sleeping time associated with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice and suggested that the plant C. opobalsamum may act as an antioxidant agent and may have a hepatoprotective effect.
Abstract: The hepatoprotective activity of an ethanolic extract of Commiphora opobalsamum (Balessan) was investigated in rats by inducing hepatotoxicity with carbon tetrachloride:liquid paraffin (1:1). This extract has been shown to possess significant protective effect by lowering serum transaminase levels (serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase), alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. Pretreatment with an extract of Balessan prevented the prolongation of the barbiturate sleeping time associated with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice. On the other hand, CCI 4 -induced low-level non protein sulfhydryl concentration in the liver was replenished by the Balessan extract. These data suggest that the plant C. opobalsamum may act as an antioxidant agent and may have a hepatoprotective effect.
50 citations
TL;DR: Due to its natural origin and potent free-radical scavenging ability A. polystachya could be used as a potential preventive intervention for free radical-mediated diseases.
Abstract: Problem statement: Free radical stress leads to tissue injury
and progression of disease conditions such as arthritis, hemorrhagic shock, atherosclerosis,
diabetes, hepatic injury, aging and ischemia, reperfusion injury of many tissues,
gastritis, tumor promotion, neurodegenerative diseases and carcinogenesis. Safer
antioxidants suitable for long term use are needed to prevent or stop the progression
of free radical mediated disorders. Approach: Many plants possess
antioxidant ingredients that provided efficacy by additive or synergistic activities.
A. polystachya bark was a strong astringent, used for the treatment of liver and
spleen diseases, rheumatism and tumors. Antioxidant activity of the crude extracts
of bark of A. polystachya were assessed using NBT, DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays.
The potent fraction (AP-110/82C) was tested for in vivo efficacy Results:
The methanol, aqueous methanol and water extracts exhibited potent antioxidant
activity compared to known antioxidants. In vivo studies on potent fraction AP-110/82C
demonstrated dose dependent reduction in hepatic malondialdehyde (320.6, 269.3
and 373.69 μM mg-1 protein) with simultaneous improvement in hepatic glutathione (6.9, 17.1 and 5.8 μg mg-1 protein) and catalase levels (668.9, 777.0 and 511.94 μg mg-1 protein) respectively for 50, 100 mg kg-1 doses and control) compared to control group. Conclusion: Due to its natural origin and potent free-radical scavenging ability A. polystachya could be used as a potential preventive intervention for free radical-mediated diseases.
50 citations