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Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants

About: The article was published on 1956-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 5524 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Glossary.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Eight fractions from whole-plant methanol extracts of Leucas aspera on the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus showed potent larvicidal activity against tested mosquito species at 20 ppm concentration, and the isolated compound catechin showed pronounced larVicidal activity at very low concentrations.
Abstract: Vector control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. Insecticides of plant origin my serve as an alternative biocontrol technique in the future. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of fractions and compounds from the whole-plant methanol extracts of Leucas aspera on the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus. The larvae were exposed to fractions with concentrations ranging from 1.25, 2.25, 5, 10, and 20 ppm and isolated compounds. After 24 h exposure, larval mortality was assessed. Among the eight fractions, four from hexane extractions showed potent larvicidal activity against tested mosquito species at 20 ppm concentration. The isolated compound catechin showed pronounced larvicidal activity at very low concentrations. The LC50 and LC90 values of catechin were 3.05 and 8.25 ppm against Ae. aegypti, 3.44 and 8.89 ppm against An. stephensi, and 3.76 and 9.79 ppm against C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The isolated compound was subjected to spectral analyses (GC-MS, FTIR, (1)H NMR, and (13)C NMR) to elucidate the structure and to compare with spectral data literature.

40 citations


Cites background from "Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants..."

  • ...Leucas aspera (Willd) belonging to Lamiaceae family is known for its medicinal properties, and the leaves are used in traditional medicine for treating dyspepsia, cough, cold, painful swelling, fevers, ulcers, and chronic skin eruptions (Chopra et al. 2002)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the antioxidant activity of methanol (NM) and aqueous-ethanol (NW) extracts were evaluated by several in vitro experiments, e.g., DPPH, hydroxyl, superoxide radicals and H2O2-scavenging assays as well as inhibition of Fe(II)-induced lipid peroxidation of rat liver mitochondria.

40 citations

01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The present trial, first effort in this direction, resulted in slight change in A. millefolium essential oil profile, suggesting its ability and plasticity to resist the change in climatic conditions.
Abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of tropical climatic conditions on essential oil content and composition of the temperate plant, Achillea millefolium L. 30 components were identified in its essential oil by GC and GC-MS, making up 93.43% of the oil content (0.70±0.05%). The predominant constituents were sabinene (17.58%), 1,8-cineole (13.04%), borneol (12.41%), bornyl acetate (7.98%), α-pinene (6.28%), β-pinene (6.26%), terpinine-4-ol (6.17%) and chamazulene (5.28%). The present trial, first effort in this direction, resulted in slight change in A. millefolium essential oil profile, suggesting its ability and plasticity to resist the change in climatic conditions.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The wound healing potency of ethanol leaf extracts of V. trifolia and V. altissima was found to possess significant wound healing activity which was evidenced by a decrease in the period of epithelialization, an increase in the rate of wound contraction, skin breaking strength, granulation tissue dry weight, hydroxyproline content and breaking strength ofgranulation tissue.
Abstract: The wound healing potency of ethanol leaf extracts of V. trifolia L. and V. altissima L. was evaluated in excision, incision and dead space wound models. Both plants were found to possess significant wound healing activity which was evidenced by a decrease in the period of epithelialization, an increase in the rate of wound contraction, skin breaking strength, granulation tissue dry weight, hydroxyproline content and breaking strength of granulation tissue. Histopathological study of the granulation tissue also showed an increased collagenation when compared with the control group of animals. Of the two extracts, the ethanol leaf extract of V. trifolia showed maximum wound healing activity compared with the leaf extract of V. altissima. However, on comparison with the control group, both leaf extracts were found to possess significant wound healing potency.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Assessment of the populations of threatened species, development of an appropriate strategy, action plan for the conservation and sustainable utilization of such components of plant diversity are suggested.
Abstract: In the Indian Himalayan Region, the studies focused on diversity of the plants used for treating liver diseases/ailments have not been carried out so far. Therefore, the present attempt has been made to study the diversity, distribution pattern and conservation status of the plant species used for treating liver diseases/ailments in that region. A total of 138 species (35 species of trees, 22 shrubs and 81 herbs) belonging to 98 genera in 60 families have been recorded. Amongst the families, Euphorbiaceae (9 species), and altitudinal zone <1,800 m, (i.e., 115 species) are rich in species. Traditionally, various plant parts, such as roots/rhizomes/tubers (46 species), leaves (31), whole plants (30), barks (15), fruits (13), seeds and unspecified parts (8 each), and inflorescence (1) are used for the treatment of liver diseases/ailments. 34 species are native, 3 are endemic and 15 near endemic. 7 species are categorized as Critically Endangered (Betula utilis), Endangered (Podophyllum hexandrum, Ephedra gerardiana, and Nardostachys grandiflora) and Vulnerable (Bergenia ligulata, B. stracheyi, and Hedychium spicatum) using new IUCN criteria. Available chemical composition of plant parts used for the treatment of liver diseases/ailments have been given. Assessment of the populations of threatened species, development of an appropriate strategy, action plan for the conservation and sustainable utilization of such components of plant diversity are suggested.

39 citations