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Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants
01 Jan 1956-
About: The article was published on 1956-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 5524 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Glossary.
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TL;DR: The bark of Pithecellobium dulce has more or less similar activity against the known antibiotic and may be considered as potent antimicrobial agent for various infectious diseases.
Abstract: Background: The stem barks are the rich sources of tannins and other phenolic compounds. Tannins inhibited the growth of various fungi, yeast, bacteria and virus. Hence, ten stem barks of ethnomedicinally important plants were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities against human pathogenic strains. Methods: Air-dried and powdered stem bark of each plant was extracted with 50% aqueous ethanol, lyophilized and the dried crude extracts were used for the screening against 11 bacteria and 8 fungi. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were performed according to microdilution methods by NCCLS. Results: The plants Prosopis chilensis, Pithecellobium dulce, Mangifera indica showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against Streptococcus pneumonia, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans with MIC of 0.08mg/ml. Pithecellobium dulce bark also showed significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus. Conclusion: The bark of Pithecellobium dulce has more or less similar activity against the known antibiotic and may be considered as potent antimicrobial agent for various infectious diseases.
38 citations
Cites background from "Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants..."
...(Loganiaceae) 218159 Kuchla Forests of Gorakhpur, Bihar, Orissa, Konkan, Deccan, Carnatic West coast of Madras states in deciduous forests and Travancore Seed - dyspepsia, chronic, dysentery, diarrhea, epilepsy chronic constipation, gout, chronic rheumatism,[14] chickenpox fever, eczema, piles, rheumatism and skin diseases;[11] root bark - in cholera; leaves - as poultice to sloughing wounds and ulcers[12]...
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...Ceiba pentandra (Malvaceae) 218672 Safed simal Distributed in the forests in the hotter parts of western and southern India Root-diuretic, in diabetes and in scorpion sting; gumtonic, astringent, laxative, in bowl complaints; unripe fruits-astringent, demulcent[12] Senna siamea (Lam....
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TL;DR: In this article, the total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of methanol, ethanol, water and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves and berries of myrtle (Myrtus communis) were measured.
Abstract: The total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of methanol, ethanol, water and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves and berries of myrtle (Myrtus communis) were measured. Total phenolic content was assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, total flavonoid content was assessed by a colorimetric method using rutin as standard flavonoid, whereas antioxidant activity was assessed by measuring the ability of the extracts to scavenge the 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) radical. The results pointed to the significant antioxidant activities of the methanol and water extracts, the overall strength being in the order of methanol > water > ethanol > ethyl acetate in both, leaf and berry extracts. In all cases, the extracts obtained from leaves showed higher antioxidant activity and higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than the corresponding extracts obtained from berries. The phenolic content exhibited a strong association (r 2 = 0.9452) ...
38 citations
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: Gallic acid was the most active compound against HIV-1 with Therapeutic Index (TI) value of >32.84 and the other compounds were less potent active, suggesting Diospyros lotus fruits could provide a chemical reservoir of anti-HIV agents.
Abstract: Phenolic compounds represent an important natural source of antiretrovirals for AIDS therapy due to their significant anti-HIV-1 activity and low toxicity. In our search for potent anti-HIV-1 agents from plants, phenolic compounds isolated from methanol (70%) extract of Diospyros lotus fruits were tested for anti-HIV-1 activity. Seven compounds, ellagic acid, methyl gallate, gallic acid, myricetin-3-O-β-glucuronide, myricetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside, myricetin and quercetin were identified by different spectroscopic methods (UV, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and MS). Gallic acid was the most active compound against HIV-1 with Therapeutic Index (TI) value of >32.84 and the other compounds were less potent active. Diospyros lotus fruits could provide a chemical reservoir of anti-HIV agents.
38 citations
TL;DR: Diverse pharmacological activities were reported for the genus Spondias including cytotoxic, antioxidant, ulcer protective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, and antidementia effects which indicate their potential to treat various degenerative diseases.
Abstract: It is believed that many degenerative diseases are due to oxidative stress. In view of the limited drugs available for treating degenerative diseases, natural products represent a promising therapeutic strategy in the search for new and effective candidates for treating degenerative diseases. This review focuses on the genus Spondias which is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases. Spondias is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the cashew family (Anacardiaceae). This genus comprises 18 species distributed across tropical regions in the world. A variety of bioactive phytochemical constituents were isolated from different plants belonging to the genus Spondias. Diverse pharmacological activities were reported for the genus Spondias including cytotoxic, antioxidant, ulcer protective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, and antidementia effects. These attributes indicate their potential to treat various degenerative diseases. The aim of this review is to draw attention to the unexplored potential of phytochemicals obtained from Spondias species, thereby contributing to the development of new therapeutic alternatives that may improve the health of people suffering from degenerative diseases and other health problems.
38 citations
Cites background from "Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants..."
...pinnata are used in India as an antidote for poison arrows [10]....
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TL;DR: The obtained results provide a support for the use of the dried leaves of Cleome viscosa L., Cleomaceae, in traditional medicine and its further investigation.
Abstract: The methanol extract of the dried leaves of Cleome viscosa L., Cleomaceae, was investigated for its possible antinociceptive, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities in animal models. The extract produced significant writhing inhibition in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice at the oral doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (p<0.001) comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight (p<0.001). The crude extract produced the most prominent cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp Artemia salina (LC50 28.18 μg/mL and LC90 112.20 μg/mL). The extract of C. viscosa L. exhibited significant in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Shigella sonnie, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholera, Streptococcus epidermidis, Shigella flexneri and Staphylococcus aureus with the zones of inhibition ranging from 10.76 to 16.34 mm. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and its further investigation.
38 citations
Cites background from "Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants..."
...In the Unani system of medicine, the seeds of the plant are documented as anthelmintic and detergent, and are given to treat fever and diarrhoea (Chopra et al., 1956)....
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