Journal ArticleDOI
Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms and Their Biological Consequences
John D. Hayes,Richard C. Strange +1 more
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Two supergene families encode proteins with glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity that detoxify a variety of electrophilic compounds, including oxidized lipid, DNA and catechol products generated by reactive oxygen species-induced damage to intracellular molecules.Abstract:
Two supergene families encode proteins with glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity: the family of soluble enzymes comprises at least 16 genes; the separate family of microsomal enzymes comprises atread more
Citations
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Structure, function and evolution of glutathione transferases: implications for classification of non-mammalian members of an ancient enzyme superfamily.
TL;DR: Non-mammalian GSTs have been much less well characterized, but have provided a disproportionately large number of three-dimensional structures, thus extending the authors' knowledge of glutathione transferases in mammals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenome-wide association data implicate DNA methylation as an intermediary of genetic risk in rheumatoid arthritis
Yun Liu,Martin J. Aryee,Leonid Padyukov,M. Daniele Fallin,M. Daniele Fallin,Espen Hesselberg,Arni Runarsson,Lovisa E. Reinius,Nathalie Acevedo,Margaret A. Taub,Margaret A. Taub,Marcus Ronninger,Klementy Shchetynsky,Annika Scheynius,Juha Kere,Lars Alfredsson,Lars Klareskog,Tomas J. Ekström,Andrew P. Feinberg,Andrew P. Feinberg +19 more
TL;DR: DNA methylation is a potential mediator of genetic risk for rheumatoid arthritis and is corrected for cellular heterogeneity by estimating and adjusting for cell-type proportions in blood-derived DNA samples and used mediation analysis to filter out associations likely to be a consequence of disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative Stress and Oxidative Damage in Carcinogenesis
TL;DR: Evidence demonstrates an association between a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms in oxidative DNA repair genes and antioxidant genes with human cancer susceptibility and the resultant altered gene expression patterns evoked by ROS contribute to the carcinogenesis process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glutathione-S-transferase family of enzymes.
TL;DR: Recent studies in patients with asthma and cutaneous basal cell carcinoma that demonstrate associations between GSTP1 and GSTT1 genotypes and disease phenotypes indicate the importance of GST polymorphism in determining disease phenotype.
Journal ArticleDOI
NAT2 slow acetylation, GSTM1 null genotype, and risk of bladder cancer: results from the Spanish Bladder Cancer Study and meta-analyses.
Montserrat Garcia-Closas,Núria Malats,Debra T. Silverman,Mustafa Dosemeci,Manolis Kogevinas,David W. Hein,Adonina Tardón,Consol Serra,Alfredo Carrato,Reina García-Closas,Josep Lloreta,Gemma Castaño-Vinyals,Meredith Yeager,Robert Welch,Stephen J. Chanock,Nilanjan Chatterjee,Sholom Wacholder,Claudine Samanic,Montserrat Torà,Francisco J. Martín Fernández,Francisco X. Real,Nathaniel Rothman +21 more
TL;DR: The GSTM1 null genotypes increases the overall risk of bladder cancer, and the NAT2 slow-acetylator genotype increases risk particularly among cigarette smokers, providing compelling evidence for the role of common polymorphisms in the aetiology of cancer.
References
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The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma is a negative regulator of macrophage activation
Mercedes Ricote,Andrew C. Li,Andrew C. Li,Timothy M. Willson,Carolyn J. Kelly,Christopher K. Glass +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that PPAR-γ is markedly upregulated in activated macrophages and inhibits the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase, gelatinase B and scavenger receptor A genes in response to 15d-PGJ2 and synthetic PPar-γ ligands, suggesting that PPARS and locally produced prostaglandin D2 metabolites are involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
The glutathione S-transferase supergene family: regulation of GST and the contribution of the isoenzymes to cancer chemoprotection and drug resistance.
John D. Hayes,David J. Pulford +1 more
TL;DR: The biochemical functions of GST are described to show how individual isoenzymes contribute to resistance to carcinogens, antitumor drugs, environmental pollutants, and products of oxidative stress, and to allow identification of factors that may modulate resistance to specific noxious chemicals.
Journal ArticleDOI
15-Deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2 is a ligand for the adipocyte determination factor PPAR gamma.
Barry M. Forman,Barry M. Forman,Peter Tontonoz,Jasmine Chen,Regina P. Brun,Bruce M. Spiegelman,Ronald M. Evans,Ronald M. Evans +7 more
TL;DR: A pivotal role is suggested for PPARγ and its endogenous ligand in adipocyte development and glucose homeostasis and as a target for intervention in metabolic disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
A model for p53-induced apoptosis
Kornelia Polyak,Kornelia Polyak,Yong Xia,Jay L. Zweier,Kenneth W. Kinzler,Bert Vogelstein,Bert Vogelstein +6 more
TL;DR: Examination of transcripts induced by p53 expression before the onset of apoptosis stimulated additional biochemical and pharmacological experiments suggesting that p53 results in apoptosis through a three-step process: the transcriptional induction of redox-related genes; the formation of reactive oxygen species; and the oxidative degradation of mitochondrial components, culminating in cell death.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes represent a co-ordinately regulated defence against oxidative stress
John D. Hayes,Lesley I. McLellan +1 more
TL;DR: Howglutathione biosynthesis, glutathione peroxidases, glutATHione S-transferases and glutathion S-conjugate efflux pumps function in an integrated fashion to allow cellular adaption to oxidative stress is discussed.
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