Group support for patients with metastatic cancer. A randomized outcome study.
01 May 1981-Archives of General Psychiatry (American Medical Association)-Vol. 38, Iss: 5, pp 527-533
TL;DR: Objective evidence is provided that a supportive group intervention for patients with metastatic cancer results in psychological benefit and mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of this group intervention are explored.
Abstract: • The effects of weekly supportive group meetings for women with metastatic carcinoma of the breast were systematically evaluated in a one-year, randomized, prospective outcome study. The groups focused on the problems of terminal illness, including improving relationships with family, friends, and physicians and living as fully as possible in the face of death. We hypothesized that this intervention would lead to improved mood, coping strategies, and self-esteem among those in the treatment group. Eighty-six patients were tested at four-month intervals. The treatment group had significantly lower mooddisturbance scores on the Profile of Mood States scale, had fewer maladaptive coping responses, and were less phobic than the control group. This study provides objective evidence that a supportive group intervention for patients with metastatic cancer results in psychological benefit. Mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of this group intervention are explored.
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01 Sep 2000
TL;DR: In this article, the authors briefly review these developments and offer predictions, gleaned from the current literature, about future directions of research, including the development of effectiveness studies, the greater sophistication of process research and a renewal of the very early interest in group therapy treatment of medical conditions.
Abstract: For the past two decades, the group psychotherapy research literature has been dominated by the efficacy study. Over this period of time, this laboratory-based work has acquired a number of methodological requisites all aimed at maximizing its internal validity in order that causal inferences can be made with increasing confidence. These very refinements in methodology, however, have led to increasing criticisms regarding the meaningfulness and relevance of the findings to “real-world” settings. This paper briefly reviews these developments and offers predictions, gleaned from the current literature, about future directions of research. In particular, three areas are highlighted: (1) the development of effectiveness studies, (2) the greater sophistication of process research, and (3) a renewal of the very early interest in group therapy treatment of medical conditions.
6 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: While intervention skills are necessary for facilitators to execute group interventions, it must be borne in mind, that even well-experienced facilitators may not always be able to accomplish skillful intervention.
Abstract: Recent advances in cancer treatment have enabled breast cancer patients to live longer and longer. Accordingly, the problem of breast cancer patients carrying psychological burdens, such as anxiety and depression, and living their lives with psychosocial problems1 has appeared.
Thus, increasing attention has been paid to the psychosocial problems of breast cancer patients, and studies have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing the psychological burden of breast cancer patients and for improving their quality of life (QOL).2–4 Group interventions, often consisting of education on how to cope with stress and how to solve problems, group discussions and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR)4 were first developed in Western countries, and have also been verified to be effective in Japan.2, 3
Many attempts have been made to undertake psychosocial group interventions for cancer patients, and these interventions are expected to spread in popularity in the future. Therefore, it is our task to improve the therapeutic environment for providing group interventions. One of the problems in this task is the shortage of people who can act as facilitators. Facilitators execute interventions, while perhaps having difficulty in managing participants with problems and in overcoming anxiety due to a lack of knowledge and fear of executing such interventions.6 Under such circumstances, there are no systematic reports on the facilitators’ intervention methods.
Based on the above background, we undertook psychosocial group intervention in this study consisting of 3 parts, i.e., education on how to cope with stress and solve problems, group discussions and PMR, which has been shown to be useful for Japanese breast cancer patients,2 with the aim of investigating the actual intervention skills employed in the intervention methods used by Japanese facilitators. Clarification of the facilitators’ intervention styles in group interventions for cancer patients in this study is expected to form one of the bases for finding the direction for facilitator education and for contributing to the dissemination of group interventions.
6 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2008
6 citations
Cites background or methods from "Group support for patients with met..."
...Over the past 20 years, the Stanford group has consistently demonstrated the efficacy of SEGT in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms (Spiegel et al, 1981); maladaptive coping responses (Spiegel et al. 1981); perceptions of pain (Spiegel & Bloom, 1983); and, trauma symptoms (Classen et al....
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...Supportive expressive group therapy/written disclosure and the inhibition hypothesis The SEGT program was conceived by Spiegel and colleagues at Stanford University (Spiegel, 2002; Spiegel et al. 1989; Spiegel & Bloom, 1983; Spiegel et al., 1981)....
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...It is important to note that SEGT program was conceived as a group support program (Spiegel et al. 1981; Spiegel & Bloom, 1983)....
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TL;DR: The Group Psychotherapy Literature: 1981. International Journal of group psychotherapy: Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 481-554 as mentioned in this paper, was the first publication of this journal.
Abstract: (1982). The Group Psychotherapy Literature: 1981. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy: Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 481-554.
6 citations
TL;DR: The authors revisar and evaluar sistematicamente las diferentes intervenciones de enfermeria en grupos de apoyo al paciente oncologico.
6 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of reward or reinforcement on preceding behavior depend in part on whether the person perceives the reward as contingent on his own behavior or independent of it, and individuals may also differ in generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Abstract: The effects of reward or reinforcement on preceding behavior depend in part on whether the person perceives the reward as contingent on his own behavior or independent of it. Acquisition and performance differ in situations perceived as determined by skill versus chance. Persons may also differ in generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. This report summarizes several experiments which define group differences in behavior when Ss perceive reinforcement as contingent on their behavior versus chance or experimenter control. The report also describes the development of tests of individual differences in a generalized belief in internal-external control and provides reliability, discriminant validity and normative data for 1 test, along with a description of the results of several studies of construct validity.
21,451 citations
Book•
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01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the implications of terminal illness for patients and for those involved in their care were discussed, and patients invited to talk about their experience found great relief in expressing their fear and anger and were able to move towards a state of acceptance and peace.
Abstract: Although most areas of human experience are nowadays discussed freely and openly, the subject of death is still surrounded by conventional attitudes and reticence that offer only fragile comfort because they evade the real issues. The dying may thus be denied the opportunity of sharing their feelings and discussing their needs with family, friends, or hospital staff. Although receiving devoted medical care, a dying patient is often socially isolated and avoided, since professional staff and students can find contact painful and embarrasing.
Aware of the strains imposed on all sides by this situation, Dr Kubler-Ross established a seminar at the University of Chicago to consider the implications of terminal illness for patients and for those involved in their care. Patients invited to talk about their experience often found great relief in expressing their fear and anger and were able to move towards a state of acceptance and peace. The seminar, initially composed of students of medicine, sociology, psychology, and theology, but later joined by hospital staff and relatives of patients, enabled many members to come to terms with their own feelings and to respond constructi to what the patients had to teach them.
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TL;DR: A study of 800 outpatient visits to Children's Hospital of Los Angeles as discussed by the authors explored the effect of verbal interaction between doctor and patient on patient satisfaction and follow-through on follow-up.
Abstract: Study of 800 outpatient visits to Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles to explore the effect of the verbal interaction between doctor and patient on patient satisfaction and follow-through on...
947 citations