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Journal ArticleDOI

Group support for patients with metastatic cancer. A randomized outcome study.

01 May 1981-Archives of General Psychiatry (American Medical Association)-Vol. 38, Iss: 5, pp 527-533
TL;DR: Objective evidence is provided that a supportive group intervention for patients with metastatic cancer results in psychological benefit and mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of this group intervention are explored.
Abstract: • The effects of weekly supportive group meetings for women with metastatic carcinoma of the breast were systematically evaluated in a one-year, randomized, prospective outcome study. The groups focused on the problems of terminal illness, including improving relationships with family, friends, and physicians and living as fully as possible in the face of death. We hypothesized that this intervention would lead to improved mood, coping strategies, and self-esteem among those in the treatment group. Eighty-six patients were tested at four-month intervals. The treatment group had significantly lower mooddisturbance scores on the Profile of Mood States scale, had fewer maladaptive coping responses, and were less phobic than the control group. This study provides objective evidence that a supportive group intervention for patients with metastatic cancer results in psychological benefit. Mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of this group intervention are explored.
Citations
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Dissertation
07 Jul 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted in der praoperativen Phase bei Patienten with gastrointestinal Tumorer-krankung, i.e., patients with a bowel cancer, in der speziellen Patientengruppe.
Abstract: Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, Aussagen uber den Einsatz einer den Bedurfnissen der speziellen Patientengruppe angepassten Kurzform des „Hornheider Fragebogens“ in der praoperativen Phase bei Patienten mit gastrointestinaler Tumorerkrankung zu treffen Es wurden dabei Fragen zur Gute des Messinstrumentes, zum psychoonkologischen Behandlungsbedarf und zur Bedeutung der Belastung fur den Krankheits- und Behandlungsverlauf beantwortet Der „Hornheider Kurzfragebogen“ erwies sich auch in seiner leicht revidierten Form insgesamt als reliables und valides Screeninginstrument Aufgrund der Ergebnisse der Itemanalyse wurde jedoch eine Uberarbeitung des Fragebogens angeregt und eine spezifischere Indikationsstellung vorgeschlagen Patienten mit einer gastrointestinalen Tumorerkrankung sind praoperativ sehr stark belastet Die psychosoziale Belastung war neben der Operationsdauer und dem Risikoscore aus Alter und Nebenerkrankungen ein signifikanter Pradiktor der Klinikverweildauer In dieser Studie konnte daruber hinaus gezeigt werden, dass die praoperativ bestehende Belastung sich nicht nur zum praoperativen Zeitpunkt in der Lebensqualitat abbildet, sondern uber den gesamten Erhebungszeitraum von einem bzw zwei Jahren

1 citations

ReportDOI
15 Aug 1995
TL;DR: The training program was highly successful in providing breast cancer research research training for future behavioral science researchers but also stimulated biopsychosocial breast cancer-related research, in general, at the host institution.
Abstract: : This report summarizes activities and accomplishments during the fourth and final year of a predoctoral research training grant in biopsychosocial breast cancer research. Three trainees were supported during this final year. Research training was supported by a multidisciplinary faculty of six. All training faculty and trainees participated in a monthly breast cancer seminar which allowed for oversight of trainee activities and discussion of ongoing and anticipated breast cancer-related research projects. During the year, trainees participated in a variety of communal and individual breast cancer-related research projects under the supervision of training faculty. During the year, trainees participated in all phases of the research process including protocol development, obtaining approval for human subjects use, data collection, data preparation, entry, and analysis, and manuscript preparation. A total of six trainees were supported during the four years of the training program. These six trainees were primary authors or co- authors on a total of 16 peer-reviewed publications with 9 additional manuscripts under review. The six trainees also delivered 9 oral presentations and 23 poster presentations at professional conferences. The training program was highly successful in providing breast cancer research training for future behavioral science researchers but also stimulated biopsychosocial breast cancer-related research, in general, at the host institution.

1 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: The clinician–patient relationship is formed in part by the drive for connectedness which increases with illness, and the empathic connection between clinician and patient can serve as a special kind of social support system with all of its beneficial effects.
Abstract: Humans are evolved to connect together for survival. Among the factors that fulfill the human need for affiliation and connectedness are social institutions, such as marriage, family, and the social support network, including clinician–patient empathic relationships. Human connection serves to promote health and prevent illness. Conversely, an absence of satisfactory human connection, experienced as loneliness, is detrimental to physical, mental, and social well-being. The mechanisms involved in linking the quality of human connection to health or illness are not well understood. However, opportunities for empathic engagement and involvement of a multisystem of psychoneuroimmunology may provide some explanations for the beneficial effects of human connections. The clinician–patient relationship is formed in part by the drive for connectedness which increases with illness. The empathic connection between clinician and patient can serve as a special kind of social support system with all of its beneficial effects.

1 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: A diagnosis of cancer confronts the patient and family with a major life crisis and an extended period of uncertainty follows the initial diagnosis and treatment while all await the eventual outcome of the disease.
Abstract: A diagnosis of cancer confronts the patient and family with a major life crisis. With few exceptions, an extended period of uncertainty follows the initial diagnosis and treatment while all await the eventual outcome of the disease. Research has documented this period of uncertainty, (1-3) identified factors most apt to be associated with high distress in response to the disease and treatment (4-11) looked at the periods of adaptation to cancer most associated with distress, (12,13) and delineated the psychological factors associated with long-term survival with cancer. (8,14-16)

1 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of reward or reinforcement on preceding behavior depend in part on whether the person perceives the reward as contingent on his own behavior or independent of it, and individuals may also differ in generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Abstract: The effects of reward or reinforcement on preceding behavior depend in part on whether the person perceives the reward as contingent on his own behavior or independent of it. Acquisition and performance differ in situations perceived as determined by skill versus chance. Persons may also differ in generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. This report summarizes several experiments which define group differences in behavior when Ss perceive reinforcement as contingent on their behavior versus chance or experimenter control. The report also describes the development of tests of individual differences in a generalized belief in internal-external control and provides reliability, discriminant validity and normative data for 1 test, along with a description of the results of several studies of construct validity.

21,451 citations

Book
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the implications of terminal illness for patients and for those involved in their care were discussed, and patients invited to talk about their experience found great relief in expressing their fear and anger and were able to move towards a state of acceptance and peace.
Abstract: Although most areas of human experience are nowadays discussed freely and openly, the subject of death is still surrounded by conventional attitudes and reticence that offer only fragile comfort because they evade the real issues. The dying may thus be denied the opportunity of sharing their feelings and discussing their needs with family, friends, or hospital staff. Although receiving devoted medical care, a dying patient is often socially isolated and avoided, since professional staff and students can find contact painful and embarrasing. Aware of the strains imposed on all sides by this situation, Dr Kubler-Ross established a seminar at the University of Chicago to consider the implications of terminal illness for patients and for those involved in their care. Patients invited to talk about their experience often found great relief in expressing their fear and anger and were able to move towards a state of acceptance and peace. The seminar, initially composed of students of medicine, sociology, psychology, and theology, but later joined by hospital staff and relatives of patients, enabled many members to come to terms with their own feelings and to respond constructi to what the patients had to teach them.

5,220 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A study of 800 outpatient visits to Children's Hospital of Los Angeles as discussed by the authors explored the effect of verbal interaction between doctor and patient on patient satisfaction and follow-through on follow-up.
Abstract: Study of 800 outpatient visits to Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles to explore the effect of the verbal interaction between doctor and patient on patient satisfaction and follow-through on...

947 citations

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