Growth and metabolism of germinating rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds as influenced by toxic concentrations of lead
TL;DR: It was apparent that reduced growth was associated with increased enzyme activity, probably due to an enhanced protein synthesis, and the activity of catalase, peroxidase, IAA oxidase, and ascorbic acid oxidase incresed in response to lead addition.
About: This article is published in Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie.The article was published on 1977-01-01. It has received 44 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Ascorbic acid & Lead acetate.
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TL;DR: The population from a contaminated site showed a distinct tolerance to lead, zinc and cadmium in combination, compared to the non-tolerant population.
Abstract: SUMMARY
The tolerance of Holcus lanatus to lead, zinc and cadmium alone and in combination was studied in a factorial experiment. Cadmium/zinc, lead/cadmium and lead/cadmium/zinc interactions, as measured by their effect on root growth, occurred but were not consistent between the two populations. The population from a contaminated site showed a distinct tolerance to lead, zinc and cadmium in combination, compared to the non-tolerant population. These results are discussed in relation to the literature of heavy metal tolerance and metal effects on plants.
23 citations
TL;DR: C cultivation of seedlings of Lupinus luteus L. in the presence of increasing lead concentrations resulted in inhibited root growth and reduced mitotic activity, and it was demonstrated that Pb 2+ quickly and selectively promotes the synthesis of some polypeptides, whereas the production of others was reduced.
23 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results suggest that among the populations from polluted sites, the one from Katowice-Wełnowiec is more advanced in selection for tolerance.
Abstract: Reproduction of Echium vulgare L. was examined in situ at two contaminated sites (Silesia, Poland): a zinc spoil heap in Katowice-Wełnowiec, and the surroundings of the Żelazny Most copper post-flotation waste reservoir. Plants from uncontaminated sites (near Rymanów) were studied as the control material. We compared the reproductive capacity of plants in the stress conditions to that of plants from uncontaminated sites. Degenerative processes and abnormalities found in the reproductive organs of plants from polluted sites, more intensified in the population from Żelazny Most, resulted in lowered fertility of plants. In germination tests on standard soil and from polluted sites, seeds from the control plants had the lowest germination on soil from Żelazny Most, and seeds from Żelazny Most had significantly delayed germination and had higher germination on standard soil than on polluted soil from their site; on the other hand, seeds from Katowice-Wełnowiec had higher germination on waste heap soil than on standard soil. The results suggest that among the populations from polluted sites, the one from Katowice-Wełnowiec is more advanced in selection for tolerance.
16 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of the heavy metal content in leaves of the trees growing in the urban part of the city of Belgrade, wider city area and rural area suggests that the content of Fe, Pb, Ni, Cr and Cd increases going from rural to urban area.
Abstract: Based on the analysis of the heavy metal content (Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mn, Cd, As, Hg) in leaves of the trees growing in the urban part of the city of Belgrade, wider city area and rural area it may be noted that the content of Fe, Pb, Ni, Cr and Cd increases going from rural to urban area. The obtained results may be related to the increased air pollution in urban and suburban areas where some of these heavy metals appear as a direct consequence of fuel combustion.The level of tolerance of the species Paulownia elongata S.Y.HU towards air pollution represents the basis for its development and survival in urban conditions as well as setting up of tree alleys and forming wind protection zones along main traffic lines.
14 citations
TL;DR: All the hydrolysing enzymes, viz., α-amylase and phytase of endosperm together with RNase and ATPase of the embryo, showed distinct inhibition from the control, the exception being endOSperm RNase which was stimulated under zinc treatment.
12 citations
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Procedures are described for measuring protein in solution or after precipitation with acids or other agents, and for the determination of as little as 0.2 gamma of protein.
289,852 citations
TL;DR: During a study of the inactivation of IAA in aqueous solutions, it was frequently necessary to assay at one time many samples where the IAA concentrations were low, or where the degree of significance of small differences in concentrations between experimental unite required evaluation, so it was desirable to re-examine the ferric chloride-sulphuric acid procedure.
Abstract: The wide use of the auxin, indoleacetic acid, in physiological and biochemical experiments has promoted interest in methods for its colorimetrie estimation. Mitchell and Brunstetteb (1) have proposed both the nitrite and the ferric chloride-sulphuric acid tests for the quantitative estimation of indoleacetic acid (IAA) in aqueous solutions, basing their suggested procedures upon a study of optimal reaction conditions for these two reagents. According to them, the nitrite method is sensitive to 10 /tig. IAA/ml. and develops a red color that is stable after two hours. In several attempts to duplicate their nitrite method using solutions of IAA varying from 20 to 45 /tg./ml., we could not obtain a stable red color with IAA at the two hours proposed, or at any other time. A faint pink develops almost immediately which rapidly fades to orange or yellow, depending on IAA concentrations, within i hour. If the concentration of nitrite is reduced, the red color becomes sufficiently persistent to be read. Indole likewise gives a strong, relatively stable, red color in this test (cf. table II)?a reaction which is sometimes used as a qualitative test for indole (Nitroso-Indole reaction). Tang and Bonner (2) have modified the ferric chloride-sulphuric acid method for IAA, combining the iron and sulphuric acid as a single reagent to yield improved sensitivity. However, the color produced is also unstable, rapidly developing and then fading. We have found, as have these workers, that the fading color can be practically dealt with by adopting a standard time between addition of reagent and reading of absorbancy or transmittance. Both of the methods discussed above possess disadvantages, lacking either specificity, sensitivity, or stability of color complex formed. During a study of the inactivation of IAA in aqueous solutions, it was frequently necessary to assay at one time many samples where the IAA concentrations were low, or where the degree of significance of small differences in concentrations between experimental unite required evaluation. Hence, we considered it desirable 'to re-examine the ferric chloride-sulphuric acid procedure. Several alterations have been made which produce a more stable color, of increased specificity, which changes in density more rapidly with variation in IAA concentration. 1. The procedure of Tang and Bonner can be improved somewhat by reading at 15 minutes after addition of reagent (instead of 30 minutes as they suggest), since the transient color reaches a maximum at the former time. Maximum absorption was found to occur at 530 ???.
1,988 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that on similar waste tips in Scotland, A. tenuis is replaced by Festuca ovina and Deschampsia flexuosa, and a method has been worked out for the measurement of lead tolerance in F. ovina from soils of different lead contents.
Abstract: BRADSHAW reported1 that root growth was inhibited when plants of Agrostis tenuis were grown in soil from the tip of an old Welsh lead mine, while plants originally growing on the tip produced normal roots. This suggested that some plants of A. tenuis were inherently more tolerant of the lead and zinc in the soil than others. On similar waste tips in Scotland, A. tenuis is replaced by Festuca ovina and Deschampsia flexuosa, and a method has been worked out for the measurement of lead tolerance in F. ovina from soils of different lead contents.
306 citations
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