Guide to the Literature of Piezoelectricity and Pyroelectricity. 25
TL;DR: A bibliography is given containing 1527 references published during 2003 and 2004 on piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of materials and their applications as mentioned in this paper, which contains listings of journal articles and patents with complete bibliographic citations.
Abstract: A bibliography is given containing 1527 references published during 2003 and 2004 on piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of materials and their applications. It contains listings of journal articles and patents with complete bibliographic citations. The year 2003 references complete the 2003 references in Guides 23 and 24 (published previously in this series). Journal and patent references from 2004 in which the first author's name begins with letters between A and K are given in the current guide. Journal articles and patents by authors with names beginning with the letters L through Z will be published in Guide 26. This bibliography is the continuation of a series published semi-annually.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the pyroelectric properties of CSBN(x) have been enhanced remarkably due to Ca addition and reached the maximum values at x'='0.15, with pyro electric coefficient of 3.61'×'10−8'C/cm2'K.
Abstract: Cax(Sr0.5Ba0.5)1−xNb2O6 [CSBN(x), x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20] lead-Free ceramics were prepared by a traditional solid-state reaction technique. Dielectric, ferroelectric, and pyroelectric properties of CSBN(x) lead-Free ceramics were systematically investigated. The pyroelectric properties of CSBN(x) have been enhanced remarkably due to Ca addition and reached the maximum values at x = 0.15, with pyroelectric coefficient of 3.61 × 10−8 C/cm2 K and pyroelectric figure of merit of Fi = 172 pm/V, Fv = 0.021 m2/C, and Fd = 11.5 μPa−1/2, which are superior to other lead-free ferroelectric ceramics. These results indicate the potential of CSBN(x) ceramics for infrared detector applications.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the phase structure, microstructure, dielectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties of obtained ceramics were systematically investigated and it was shown that SBN ceramic was a relaxor with strong diffuse phase transition and weak frequency dispersion.
49 citations
27 Nov 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, a morphotropic phase boundary between orthorhombic and tetragonal phases is found in the composition range 0.05
Abstract: Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1−x)(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–xLiNbO3 {[Lix(Na0.5K0.5)1−x]NbO3} (x=0.04–0.20) have been synthesized by an ordinary sintering technique. The materials with perovskite structure is orthorhombic phase at x⩽0.05 and becomes tetragonal phase at x⩾0.07, a phase K3Li2Nb5O15 with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure begins to appear at x=0.08 and becomes dominant with increasing the content of LiNbO3. A morphotropic phase boundary between orthorhombic and tetragonal phases is found in the composition range 0.05
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical model for the energy levels in polarization superlattices is presented, which includes the effect of strain on the local polarization-induced electric fields and the subsequent effect on energy levels.
Abstract: A theoretical model for the energy levels in polarization superlattices is presented. The model includes the effect of strain on the local polarization-induced electric fields and the subsequent effect on the energy levels. Two continuum strain models are contrasted. One is the standard strain model derived from Hooke's law that is typically used to calculate energy levels in polarization superlattices and quantum wells. The other is a fully-coupled strain model derived from the thermodynamic equation of state for piezoelectric materials. The latter is more complete and applicable to strongly piezoelectric materials where corrections to the standard model are significant. The underlying theory has been applied to AlGaN/GaN superlattices and quantum wells. It is found that the fully-coupled strain model yields very different electric fields from the standard model. The calculated intersubband transition energies are shifted by approximately 5 -- 19 meV, depending on the structure. Thus from a device standpoint, the effect of applying the fully-coupled model produces a very measurable shift in the peak wavelength. This result has implications for the design of AlGaN/GaN optical switches.
13 citations
01 Jan 2004
6 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, a morphotropic phase boundary between orthorhombic and tetragonal phases is found in the composition range 0.05
Abstract: Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1−x)(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–xLiNbO3 {[Lix(Na0.5K0.5)1−x]NbO3} (x=0.04–0.20) have been synthesized by an ordinary sintering technique. The materials with perovskite structure is orthorhombic phase at x⩽0.05 and becomes tetragonal phase at x⩾0.07, a phase K3Li2Nb5O15 with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure begins to appear at x=0.08 and becomes dominant with increasing the content of LiNbO3. A morphotropic phase boundary between orthorhombic and tetragonal phases is found in the composition range 0.05
1,354 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, micro particle image velocimetry (μPIV) and fluorescence microscopy techniques were used to characterize microscale segmented gas-liquid flow at low superficial velocities relevant for chemical reactions with residence times of up to several minutes.
Abstract: We use micro particle image velocimetry (μPIV) and fluorescence microscopy techniques to characterize microscale segmented gas–liquid flow at low superficial velocities relevant for chemical reactions with residence times of up to several minutes. Different gas–liquid microfluidic channel networks of rectangular cross section are fabricated in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) using soft lithography techniques. The recirculation motion in the liquid segments associated with gas–liquid flows as well as the symmetry characteristics of the recirculations are quantified for straight and meandering channel networks. Even minor surface roughness effects and the compressibility of the gas phase induce loss of symmetry and enhance mixing across the centerline in straight channels. Mixing is further accelerated in meandering channels by the periodic switching of recirculation patterns across the channel center. We demonstrate a new, piezoelectrically activated flow injection technique for determining residence time distributions (RTDs) of fluid elements in multiphase microfluidic systems. The results confirm a narrowed liquid phase RTD in segmented flows in comparison to their single-phase counterparts. The enhanced mixing and narrow RTD characteristics of segmented gas–liquid flows are applied to liquid mixing and in sol–gel synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles.
510 citations
TL;DR: After certain cellular polymers are internally charged, they behave like soft and sensitive piezoelectrics that can be used to interconvert acoustical or mechanical signals and electrical signals.
Abstract: After certain cellular polymers are internally charged, they behave like soft and sensitive piezoelectrics that can be used to interconvert acoustical or mechanical signals and electrical signals.
508 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a piezoelectric-based built-in diagnostic technique has been developed for monitoring fatigue crack growth in metallic structures, which consists of three major components: diagnostic signal generation, signal processing and damage interpretation.
Abstract: A piezoelectric based built-in diagnostic technique has been developed for monitoring fatigue crack growth in metallic structures. The technique uses diagnostic signals, generated from nearby piezoelectric actuators built into the structures, to detect crack growth. It consists of three major components: diagnostic signal generation, signal processing and damage interpretation. In diagnostic signal generation, appropriate ultrasonic guided Lamb waves were selected for actuators to maximize receiving sensor measurements. In signal processing, methods were developed to select an individual mode for damage detection and maximize signal to noise ratio in recorded sensor signals. Finally, in damage interpretation, a physics based damage index was developed relating sensor measurements to crack growth size. Fatigue tests were performed on laboratory coupons with a notch to verify the proposed technique. The damage index measured from built-in piezoceramics on the coupons showed a good correlation with the actual fatigue crack growth obtained from visual inspection. Furthermore, parametric studies were also performed to characterize the sensitivity of sensor/actuator location for the proposed technique.
476 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic ternary system based on bismuth sodium titanate, (Bi1/2Na 1/2)TiO3 (BNT)-bismuth potassium titanate (BKT) - barium titanate BaTiO 3 (BT) near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between the tetragonal and rhombohedral phases has been investigated.
Abstract: A lead-free piezoelectric ceramic ternary system based on bismuth sodium titanate, (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3 (BNT) - bismuth potassium titanate (Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 (BKT) - barium titanate BaTiO3 (BT) near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between the tetragonal and rhombohedral phases has been investigated. In the case of a(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–bBaTiO3–c(Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 [BNBK(100a/100b/100c)] solid solution ceramics, the highest piezoelectric constant d33=191 pC/N, Curie temperature, Tc=301°C, electromechanical coupling factor, k33=0.56 and dielectric constant, e33T/e0=1141 are observed for the BNBK(85.2/2.8/12) composition which has a tetragonal phase near the MPB. The d33 value is the highest so far reported for all lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with Tc>300°C. The BNT-BKT-BT ternary ceramics system sintered at 1200°C for 2 h in air has a pure perovskite structure and a high density more than 95% of the theoretical density.
399 citations