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Handbook of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
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In this article, the authors present an overview of the current state of the art in the field of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and its application in various applications.Abstract:
Foreword. Preface. Acronyms, Constants, And Symbol.s 1. History. 1.1 Atomic optical emission spectrochemistry (OES). 1.2 Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). 1.3 LIBS History 1960-1980. 1.4 LIBS History 1980-1990. 1.5 LIBS History 1990-2000. 1.6 Active Areas of Investigation, 2000-2002. References. 2. Basics of the LIBS plasma. 2.1 LIBS plasma fundamentals. 2.2 laser-Induced Breakdown. 2.3 laser ablation. 2.4 double or multiple pulse libs. 2.5 summary. References. 3. Apparatus fundamentals. 3.1 Basic LIBS apparatus. 3.2 Lasers. 3.3 Optical systems. 3.4 Methods of spectral resolution. 3.5 Detectors. 3.6 Detection system calibration. 3.7 Timing considerations. 3.8 Methods of LIBS deployment. References. 4. Determining LIBS analytical figures-of-merit. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Basics of LIBS measurements. 4.3 precision. 4.4 Calibration. 4.5 Detection limit. References. 5. Qualitative LIBS Analysis. 5.1 Identifying elements. 5.2 Material identification. 5.3 Process control. References. 6. Quantitative LIBS Analysis. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Geometric Sampling Parameters. 6.3 Other sampling considerations. 6.4. Particle size. 6.5 use of internal standardization. 6.6 Chemical Matrix effects. 6.7. Example of libs measurement: Impurities in Lithium Solutions. 6.8 Reported figures of merit for LIBS measurements. 6.9 Conclusions. References. Chapter 7. REMOTE LIBS MEASUREMENTS. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Conventional open path LIBS. 7.3 Stand-off LIBS using Femtosecond pulses. 7.4 Fiber optic LIBS. References 8. Examples of recent LIBS fundamental research, instruments and novel applications. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 fundamentals. 8.3 calibration-free LIBS. 8.4 laser and spectrometer advances. 8.5 surface analysis. 8.6 Double pulse studies and applications. 8.7 Steel applications. 8.8 libs for biological applications. 8.9 nuclear reactor applications. 8.10 LIBS for space applications. References. 9. THE FUTURE OF LIBS. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Expanding the understanding and capability of the libs process. 9.3 Widening the universe of libs applications. 9.4 Factors that will speed the commercialization of Libs. 9.5 conclusion. References. APPENDIX A: Safety Considerations in LIBS. A.1. safety plans. A.2 Laser Safety. A.3 Generation of Aerosols. A.4 laser pulse induced ignition. APPENDIX B: LIBS Application Matrix. APPENDIX C: LIBS Detection Limits. C.1 detection limits from the literature. C.2 uniform detection limits. APPENDIX D: Major LIBS References. Index.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
Chapter 12 – Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Advanced Analytical Technique
TL;DR: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as discussed by the authors is a technique where atoms and ions are primarily formed in their excited states as a result of interaction between a tightly focused laser beam and the material sample.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of laser induced plasmas by optical emission spectroscopy: A review of experiments and methods
C. Aragón,J.A. Aguilera +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the main assumptions of the methods, namely the optical thin emission of spectral lines and the existence of local thermodynamic equilibrium in the plasma are evaluated, and a review is focused on the progress achieved in the determination of the physical parameters characteristic of the plasma, such as electron density, temperature and densities of atoms and ions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: State of the art
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a critical review of the applications of the Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) method.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Laser-induced breakdown in large transparent water droplets.
Richard K. Chang,Johannes H. Eickmans,Wen-Feng Hsieh,Carol F. Wood,Jian-Zhi Zhang,Jia-biao Zheng +5 more
TL;DR: A physical model of LIB processes is presented with the aim of integrating the following recent results: the internal and near-field distributions for large transparent spheres, the location of LIB initiation based on spatially resolved plasma emission spectroscopic techniques, and the fate of the remaining superheated droplet and the expelled material.