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Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change

TL;DR: The NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program: Where We Began and Where We Are (I. Elkin, et al. as discussed by the authors ) presents a methodology, design, and evaluation in psychotherapy research.
Abstract: Methodology, Design, and Evaluation in Psychotherapy Research (A. Kazdin). Assessing Psychotherapy Outcomes and Processes (M. Lambert & C. Hill). The NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program: Where We Began and Where We Are (I. Elkin). The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy (M. Lambert & A. Bergin). Research on Client Variables in Psychotherapy (S. Garfield). Therapist Variables (L. Beutler, et al.). Process and Outcome in PsychotherapyNoch Einmal (D. Orlinsky, et al.). Behavior Therapy with Adults (P. Emmelkamp). Cognitive and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies (S. Hollon & A. Beck). Psychodynamic Approaches (W. Henry, et al.). Research on Experiential Psychotherapies (L. Greenberg, et al.). Psychotherapy for Children and Adolescents (A. Kazdin). The Process and Outcome of Marital and Family Therapy: Reseach Review and Evaluation (J. Alexander, et al.). Experiential Group Research (R. Bednar & T. Kaul). Research on Brief Psychotherapy (M. Koss & J. Shiang). Behavioral Medicine and Health Psychology (E. Blanchard). Medication and Psychotherapy (G. Klerman, et al.). Research on Psychotherapy with Culturally Diverse Populations (S. Sue, et al.). Overview, Trends, and Future Issues (A. Bergin & S. Garfield). Indexes.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that psychotherapists' gender competence exists and relates directly to the psychotherapy outcomes (i.e., psychological well-being) of clients.
Abstract: Over the past half century, psychotherapyresearch has demonstrated that psycho-therapy outcomes do not vary based onclients’ gender (Clarkin & Levy, 2004;Gareld, 1994; Wierzbicki & Pekarik,1993) However, most studies assumedthat all psychotherapists are equally com-petent to treat men and women, thus po-tentially missing essential informationabout variations in psychotherapy out-comes In fact, there is a paucity of stud-ies that have examined if psychothera-pists’ gender competence truly exists Wepropose that psychotherapists’ gendercompetence should be dened as the psy-chotherapist’s ability to achieve positivepsychotherapy outcomes with either fe-male or male clients This study exam-ined the relationship between clients’gender and psychotherapy outcomes andif psychotherapists varied in their abili-ties to produce positive psychotherapyoutcomes for female and male clientsThe sample included 93 male and 229female clients treated by 31 psychothera-pists Consistent with previous research,the results demonstrated that clients’ gen-der was not related to psychotherapyoutcomes However, compared to otherpsychotherapists, some psychotherapistswere better at treating men, whereas otherswere better at treating women The resultsof this study demonstrate that psychothera-pists’ gender competence exists and relatesdirectly to the psychotherapy outcomes (ie,psychological well-being) of clients Impli-cations for psychotherapy practice, training,and research are offeredKeywords: men, women, psychothera-pist effects, client factors, psychother-apy outcomes

62 citations


Cites background from "Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behav..."

  • ...Given the challenges involved in psychotherapy with both women and men, over the past 50 years, research has shown that psychotherapy outcomes do not vary, in any consistent manner, as a function of clients’ gender (see Clarkin & Levy, 2004; Garfield, 1994, for reviews)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, historical and conceptual bases of counseling psychology are examined relative to their fit for work with children, from birth to 12 years of age, and it is argued that counseling psychologists can make a legitimate contribution to the prevention and remediation of common problems that children encounter during the course of their development in a culturally diverse society.
Abstract: Counseling psychology and children, long thought to be mutually exclusive domains, in fact share complementary services and needs. In this article, historical and conceptual bases of counseling psychology are examined relative to their fit for work with children, from birth to 12 years of age. Attention is given to the mental health needs of today's children, and it is argued that counseling psychologists can make a legitimate contribution to the prevention and remediation of common problems that children encounter during the course of their development in a culturally diverse society.

62 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that scientists should market their findings through popular articles and books, workshops, and other vehicles of communication valued by practitioners.
Abstract: Many argue that the objectives of individual research reports are inconsistent with the needs of practitioners and should logically be changed. Based on a survey of how practitioners use psychological research, it appears that clinicians believe that research findings are, and have been, important in modifying their practices. However, they tend to get this “research” information more often from popular books, practice-oriented journals, and workshops than from research journals. Hence, information probably is not coming from scientists and may not actually represent state-of-the-art research knowledge. We propose that scientists should market their findings through popular articles and books, workshops, and other vehicles of communication valued by practitioners.

62 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Outcomes of completed treatments for depression in randomized trials appeared to be modestly greater than those in routine care settings and Transforming BDI scores into CORE-OM scores and vice versa may be a preferable alternative to effect sizes for comparisons of studies using these measures.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Randomized trials of the effects of psychological therapies seek internal validity via homogeneous samples and standardized treatment protocols. In contrast, practice-based studies aim for clinical realism and external validity via heterogeneous samples of clients treated under routine practice conditions. We compared indices of treatment effects in these two types of studies. METHOD: Using published transformation formulas, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores from five randomized trials of depression (N = 477 clients) were transformed into Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) scores and compared with CORE-OM data collected in four practice-based studies (N = 4,196 clients). Conversely, the practice-based studies' CORE-OM scores were transformed into BDI scores and compared with randomized trial data. RESULTS: Randomized trials showed a modest advantage over practice-based studies in amount of pre-post improvement. This difference was compressed or exaggerated depending on the direction of the transformation but averaged about 12%. There was a similarly sized advantage to randomized trials in rates of reliable and clinically significant improvement (RCSI). The largest difference was yielded by comparisons of effect sizes which suggested an advantage more than twice as large, reflecting narrower pre-treatment distributions in the randomized trials. CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes of completed treatments for depression in randomized trials appeared to be modestly greater than those in routine care settings. The size of the difference may be distorted depending on the method for calculating degree of change. Transforming BDI scores into CORE-OM scores and vice versa may be a preferable alternative to effect sizes for comparisons of studies using these measures.

62 citations