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Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change
01 Jan 1986-
TL;DR: The NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program: Where We Began and Where We Are (I. Elkin, et al. as discussed by the authors ) presents a methodology, design, and evaluation in psychotherapy research.
Abstract: Methodology, Design, and Evaluation in Psychotherapy Research (A. Kazdin). Assessing Psychotherapy Outcomes and Processes (M. Lambert & C. Hill). The NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program: Where We Began and Where We Are (I. Elkin). The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy (M. Lambert & A. Bergin). Research on Client Variables in Psychotherapy (S. Garfield). Therapist Variables (L. Beutler, et al.). Process and Outcome in PsychotherapyNoch Einmal (D. Orlinsky, et al.). Behavior Therapy with Adults (P. Emmelkamp). Cognitive and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies (S. Hollon & A. Beck). Psychodynamic Approaches (W. Henry, et al.). Research on Experiential Psychotherapies (L. Greenberg, et al.). Psychotherapy for Children and Adolescents (A. Kazdin). The Process and Outcome of Marital and Family Therapy: Reseach Review and Evaluation (J. Alexander, et al.). Experiential Group Research (R. Bednar & T. Kaul). Research on Brief Psychotherapy (M. Koss & J. Shiang). Behavioral Medicine and Health Psychology (E. Blanchard). Medication and Psychotherapy (G. Klerman, et al.). Research on Psychotherapy with Culturally Diverse Populations (S. Sue, et al.). Overview, Trends, and Future Issues (A. Bergin & S. Garfield). Indexes.
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TL;DR: APRT was most strongly associated with improvement in experiments that delivered APRT on an individual basis and provided recipients with training tapes, and the treatment duration and number of sessions positively influenced the strength of association.
Abstract: A quantitative review was undertaken of recent research in which abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation training (APRT) was used as an intervention for psychophysiological and stress-related disorders. The strength of association between APRT and outcome measures was calculated for 29 experiments published after 1980. The average effect size across all experiments was moderate (r = .40). Moreover, for experiments that included a follow-up assessment, a similar effect size was noted at the first follow-up (r = .43). Additionally, experiments that used a prospective design (i.e., analyzed change) detected a stronger effect for APRT than those that used a cross-sectional design (i.e., compared groups). APRT was most strongly associated with improvement in experiments that delivered APRT on an individual basis and provided recipients with training tapes. Moreover, the treatment duration and number of sessions positively influenced the strength of association.
183 citations
Cites result from "Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behav..."
...40 compares favorably with estimates obtained in other meta-analyses of the psychotherapy outcome (for a review, see Lambert, Shapiro, & Bergin, 1986)....
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19 Nov 2007TL;DR: In this article, a study of psychotherapy as a social practice is presented, where the authors consider persons in structures of social practice and study the changes in clients' ordinary lives plus sessions, changing problems across places, and changing conduct of everyday life and the life trajectory.
Abstract: Introduction 1. Researching psychotherapy as a social practice 2. Theorizing persons in structures of social practice 3. A study: its design and conduct 4. Clients' ordinary lives plus sessions 5. Therapy in clients' social practice across places 6. Changes in clients' practice across places 7. Changing problems across places 8. The conduct of everyday life and the life trajectory 9. The childrens' changing conducts of everyday life and life trajectories 10. The parents' changing conducts of everyday life and life trajectories 11. The changing conduct of everyday family life and family trajectory 12. Research in social practice.
183 citations
TL;DR: Evidence, although limited, supported the view that STPP approaches do seem to differ along a few major dimensions, and decreased its overall superiority over NT and increased its overall inferiority to AT on a series of clinically relevant variables.
Abstract: In a review of 19 clinically relevant comparative outcome studies published 1978-1988, short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) was evaluated as to overall effects, differential effects, and moderating effects vis-a-vis no-treatment controls (NT) and alternative psychotherapies (AP), respectively. Overall, STPP was superior to NT at posttreatment, inferior to AP at posttreatment, and even more so at 1-year follow-up. STPP was inferior to AP in treating depression and, in particular, to cognitive-behavioral therapy for major depression. STPP was equally successful with mixed neurotics. As research quality increased, STPP grew less superior to NT. Furthermore, STPP decreased its overall superiority over NT and increased its overall inferiority to AT on a series of clinically relevant variables. Improvement in research quality from 1978 to 1988 was noted. Evidence, although limited, supported the view that STPP approaches do seem to differ along a few major dimensions.
182 citations
Cites background from "Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behav..."
...Gradually, short-term psychotherapy has come to be the most popular form of psychotherapy (Garfield, 1989; Koss & Butcher, 1986)....
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TL;DR: Given the overall differences observed across treatment settings for average rate of change and deterioration rates, results suggest that setting-specific model heuristics should be used for identifying cases at risk for negative outcomes.
Abstract: Objective The authors compared symptom change trajectories and treatment outcome categories in children and adolescents receiving routine outpatient mental health services in a public community mental health system and a private managed care organization. Method Archival longitudinal outcome data from parents completing the Youth Outcome Questionnaire (Y-OQ) were retrieved for children and adolescents (4-17 years old) served in a community mental health system (n = 936, mean age = 12 years, 40% girls or young women, 28% from families of color) and a managed care organization (n = 3,075, mean age = 13 years, 45% girls or young women, race and ethnicity not reported). The authors analyzed Y-OQ data using multilevel modeling and partial proportional odds modeling to test for differences in change trajectories and final outcomes across the 2 service settings. Results Although initial symptom level was comparable across the 2 settings, the rate of change was significantly steeper for cases in the managed care setting. In addition, 24% of cases in the community mental health setting demonstrated a significant increase in symptoms over the course of treatment, compared with 14% of cases in the managed care setting. Conclusions These results emphasize the need for increased attention to negative outcomes in routine mental health services and provide a stronger foundation for identifying youth cases at risk for treatment failure. In addition, given the overall differences observed across treatment settings for average rate of change and deterioration rates, results suggest that setting-specific model heuristics should be used for identifying cases at risk for negative outcomes.
182 citations
Cites background from "Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behav..."
...In adult psychotherapy outcome research, approximately 5–10% of patients leave treatment worse off than when they began (Lambert & Bergin, 1994; Mohr, 1995); however, deterioration rates may exceed 20% in youths served in traditional community mental health settings (Warren, Nelson, & Burlingame, 2009)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the constraints of using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnoses in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), the importance of basic and process research, the unintended negative effects of exaggerated claims of effectiveness and efficiency, the limits of RCTs in evaluating improvement and deterioration, the self-correcting nature of stepped care, the link between stepped care and empirically supported treatments, clinical judgment in clinical work, the concept of the least restrictive alternative, the costs of using low-intensity but ineffective psychosocial treatments, and costs of both ineffective and
Abstract: Several issues concerning stepped care are discussed: the constraints of using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnoses in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), the importance of basic and process research, the unintended negative effects of exaggerated claims of effectiveness and efficiency, the limits of RCTs in evaluating improvement and deterioration, the self-correcting nature of stepped care, the link between stepped care and empirically supported treatments, clinical judgment in clinical work, the concept of the least restrictive alternative, the costs of using low-intensity but ineffective psychosocial treatments, and the costs of both ineffective and effective psychotropic drug therapy. An analysis of stepped care can lead to an appreciation that the dialectic operating between science and practice affords an opportunity to synthesize the seemingly irreconcilable standards and needs of researchers and clinicians.
182 citations
Additional excerpts
...It is also consistent with idiographic applications of nomothetic principles as articulated by a number of authors (eg, Eifert, Evans, & McKendrick, 1990; Lazarus & Davison, 1971; Persons, 1989)....
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