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Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change
01 Jan 1986-
TL;DR: The NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program: Where We Began and Where We Are (I. Elkin, et al. as discussed by the authors ) presents a methodology, design, and evaluation in psychotherapy research.
Abstract: Methodology, Design, and Evaluation in Psychotherapy Research (A. Kazdin). Assessing Psychotherapy Outcomes and Processes (M. Lambert & C. Hill). The NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program: Where We Began and Where We Are (I. Elkin). The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy (M. Lambert & A. Bergin). Research on Client Variables in Psychotherapy (S. Garfield). Therapist Variables (L. Beutler, et al.). Process and Outcome in PsychotherapyNoch Einmal (D. Orlinsky, et al.). Behavior Therapy with Adults (P. Emmelkamp). Cognitive and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies (S. Hollon & A. Beck). Psychodynamic Approaches (W. Henry, et al.). Research on Experiential Psychotherapies (L. Greenberg, et al.). Psychotherapy for Children and Adolescents (A. Kazdin). The Process and Outcome of Marital and Family Therapy: Reseach Review and Evaluation (J. Alexander, et al.). Experiential Group Research (R. Bednar & T. Kaul). Research on Brief Psychotherapy (M. Koss & J. Shiang). Behavioral Medicine and Health Psychology (E. Blanchard). Medication and Psychotherapy (G. Klerman, et al.). Research on Psychotherapy with Culturally Diverse Populations (S. Sue, et al.). Overview, Trends, and Future Issues (A. Bergin & S. Garfield). Indexes.
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TL;DR: Results indicated that lower rupture intensity and higher rupture resolution were associated with better ratings of the alliance and session quality, and good outcome on measures of interpersonal functioning and retention.
Abstract: This study examined the relationship of early alliance ruptures and their resolution to process and outcome in a sample of 128 patients randomly assigned to 1 of 3 time-limited psychotherapies for personality disorders: cognitive-behavioral therapy, brief relational therapy, or short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Rupture intensity and resolution were assessed by patient- and therapist-report after each of the first 6 sessions. Results indicated that lower rupture intensity and higher rupture resolution were associated with better ratings of the alliance and session quality. Lower rupture intensity also predicted good outcome on measures of interpersonal functioning, while higher rupture resolution predicted better retention. Patients reported fewer ruptures than did therapists. In addition, fewer ruptures were reported in cognitive-behavioral therapy than in the other treatments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).
160 citations
Cites background from "Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behav..."
...The focus was on early psychotherapy process—postsession ratings of the first six sessions of 30-session treatment protocols—because the quality of the alliance as measured early in treatment has been shown to be the most predictive of outcome (Horvath & Symonds, 1991) and because the preponderance of dropouts occur within the first few sessions of treatment, with several studies finding a median length of treatment of about six sessions (Garfield, 1994)....
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TL;DR: The role of a recently discovered new contributor to persuasion: self-validation is described, which unlike previous mechanisms that focus on primary cognition, this new process emphasizes secondary or meta-cognition.
Abstract: This article provides a brief overview of major developments in the history of contemporary persuasion theory. The first intuitive and empirical approaches to persuasion were guided by main-effect questions (e.g., are experts more persuasive than nonexperts?). Furthermore, researchers focused on only one process by which variables (e.g., emotion, source credibility) would have an impact (e.g., emotion affected attitudes by classical conditioning). As data began to accumulate, so many new theories and effects were uncovered that the discipline faced collapse from the numerous inconsistencies evident. In response to the reigning confusion of the previous era, contemporary multiprocess theories were proposed (e.g., the elaboration likelihood model). According to these more integrative approaches, any one variable could affect attitudes by different processes in different situations and thereby sometimes produce opposite effects. Finally, we describe the role of a recently discovered new contributor to persuasion: self-validation. Unlike previous mechanisms that focus on primary cognition, this new process emphasizes secondary or meta-cognition.
159 citations
159 citations
Cites background from "Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behav..."
...When expensive,long-term psychotherapy was unable to prove that it producedsubstantively better outcomes than shorter term therapy(Howard, Kopta, Krause, & Orlinsky, 1986; Kopta, Howard, Lowry, & Beutler, 1994; Koss & Shiang, 1994), the managedcare market began using that information to move toward the moreeconomical, time-limited alternatives....
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TL;DR: This article reviewed psychoanalytic, existential, conditioning, and cognitive statements of the fear of anxiety and concluded that there is a surprising degree of similarity among the various schools of thought.
159 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of the literature suggested eight differentiable theoretical models addressing why adolescents might engage in self-mutilation: behavioral, systemic, avoidance of suicide, sexual, expression of affect, control of affect and ending depersonalization, and creating boundaries.
Abstract: While most recent research has disproved the idea that normal adolescence is characterized by "storm and stress," 10% to 20% of adolescents exhibit severe emotional disturbance. One behavior that expresses this disturbance and is particularly prevalent in adolescents is self-mutilation. An examination of the literature suggested eight differentiable theoretical models addressing why adolescents might engage in selfmutilation: behavioral, systemic, avoidance of suicide, sexual, expression of affect, control of affect, ending depersonalization, and creating boundaries. These models were evaluated by surveying a nationwide sample of psychologists and social workers. Related developmental issues were also investigated. Results indicated that therapists found the expression, control, depersonalization, and boundaries models most useful in understanding and treating selfmutilating adolescents. There was little support for the sexual or suicide models. Implications for therapeutic interventions
158 citations
Cites result from "Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behav..."
...6 years was significantly longer that the average length of psychotherapy in general (Garfield, 1986), self-ratings of success were relatively low in comparison with the success of decreasing cutting, and data indicated that many of these patients had experienced repeated attempts at treatment....
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