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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Health care applications: a solution based on the internet of things

26 Oct 2011-pp 131
TL;DR: This investigation takes the move by decomposing the storyline of a day in Robert's life, the authors' unlucky character in the not so far future, into simple processes and their interactions, and devise the main communication requirements for those processes and for their integration in the Internet as web services.
Abstract: This paper proposes the Internet of Things communication framework as the main enabler for distributed worldwide health care applications. Starting from the recent availability of wireless medical sensor prototypes and the growing diffusion of electronic health care record databases, we analyze the requirements of a unified communication framework. Our investigation takes the move by decomposing the storyline of a day in Robert's life, our unlucky character in the not so far future, into simple processes and their interactions. Subsequently, we devise the main communication requirements for those processes and for their integration in the Internet as web services. Finally, we present the Internet of Things protocol stack and the advantages it brings to health care scenarios in terms of the identified requirements.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper will present and discuss the technical solutions and best-practice guidelines adopted in the Padova Smart City project, a proof-of-concept deployment of an IoT island in the city of Padova, Italy, performed in collaboration with the city municipality.
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) shall be able to incorporate transparently and seamlessly a large number of different and heterogeneous end systems, while providing open access to selected subsets of data for the development of a plethora of digital services. Building a general architecture for the IoT is hence a very complex task, mainly because of the extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved in such a system. In this paper, we focus specifically to an urban IoT system that, while still being quite a broad category, are characterized by their specific application domain. Urban IoTs, in fact, are designed to support the Smart City vision, which aims at exploiting the most advanced communication technologies to support added-value services for the administration of the city and for the citizens. This paper hence provides a comprehensive survey of the enabling technologies, protocols, and architecture for an urban IoT. Furthermore, the paper will present and discuss the technical solutions and best-practice guidelines adopted in the Padova Smart City project, a proof-of-concept deployment of an IoT island in the city of Padova, Italy, performed in collaboration with the city municipality.

4,335 citations


Cites background from "Health care applications: a solutio..."

  • ...Furthermore, it is possible to develop specific applications for mobile devices that can ease the interaction with the IoT objects, and with the system as a whole....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The current state of research on the Internet of Things is reported on by examining the literature, identifying current trends, describing challenges that threaten IoT diffusion, presenting open research questions and future directions and compiling a comprehensive reference list to assist researchers.
Abstract: The Internet of Things is a paradigm where everyday objects can be equipped with identifying, sensing, networking and processing capabilities that will allow them to communicate with one another and with other devices and services over the Internet to accomplish some objective. Ultimately, IoT devices will be ubiquitous, context-aware and will enable ambient intelligence. This article reports on the current state of research on the Internet of Things by examining the literature, identifying current trends, describing challenges that threaten IoT diffusion, presenting open research questions and future directions and compiling a comprehensive reference list to assist researchers.

1,301 citations


Cites background from "Health care applications: a solutio..."

  • ...…and Michael 2008; Heil et al. 2007; Li et al. 2011; Liu et al. 2011; Schaffers et al. 2011; Vicini et al. 2012; Fang et al. 2013) Healthcare (Bui and Zorzi 2011; Dohr et al. 2010; Domingo 2012; Jara et al. 2010a, b; Luo et al. 2009; Rohokale et al. 2011) Supply chains/logistics (Flügel and…...

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  • ...3.2.2 Healthcare The IoT is proposed to improve the quality of human life by automating some of the basic tasks that humans must perform....

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  • ...In terms of application areas, papers focusing on supply chains and social applications received somewhat greater treatment than the other application areas, perhaps because of the established role of IoT technologies such as RFID in supply chain management and the cultural focus on social Table 3 Classification of reviewed literature Classification References Technology Hardware RFID (Dominikus et al. 2010; Khoo 2010; Schmidt et al. 2009; Welbourne et al. 2009; Sheng et al. 2010) NFC (Broll et al. 2009; Garrido et al. 2010) Sensor networks (Hong et al. 2010; Tozlu 2011; Zhu et al. 2010; Li et al. 2013) Software Middleware (Aberer et al. 2006; Bandyopadhyay et al. 2011; Blackstock et al. 2010; De et al. 2011; Dong et al. 2010; Gómez-Goiri and López-de-Ipiña 2010; Huang and Li 2010a; Katasonov et al. 2008; Kiritsis 2011; Puliafito et al. 2010; Roalter et al. 2010; Song et al. 2010; He and Xu 2014) Search/Browsing (Garcia-Macias et al. 2011; Ostermaier et al. 2010) Architecture Hardware/Network architectures (Andreini et al. 2010; Evdokimov et al. 2010; Han et al. 2010; Koshizuka and Sakamura 2010; Ning et al. 2007; Pujolle 2006; Quack et al. 2008; Silverajan and Harju 2009; Uckelmann et al. 2011; Yun and Yuxin 2010; Zhang et al. 2010; Zorzi et al. 2010; Zouganeli and Svinnset 2009) Software architectures (Castellani et al. 2010, 2011; Gronbaek 2008; Guinard et al. 2011; James et al. 2009; Michael and Darianian 2010; Spiess et al. 2009; Wang et al. 2012) Process architectures (Giner et al. 2010; Kawsar et al. 2010) General/Requirements (Främling and Nyman 2008; Kortuem et al. 2010; Ning and Wang 2011; Xiaocong and Jidong 2010) Applications Smart infrastructure (Darianian and Michael 2008; Heil et al. 2007; Li et al. 2011; Liu et al. 2011; Schaffers et al. 2011; Vicini et al. 2012; Fang et al. 2013) Healthcare (Bui and Zorzi 2011; Dohr et al. 2010; Domingo 2012; Jara et al. 2010a, b; Luo et al. 2009; Rohokale et al. 2011) Supply chains/logistics (Flügel and Gehrmann 2009; Shen and Liu 2010; Yan and Huang 2008, 2009; Zhengxia and Laisheng 2010; Han et al. 2012; Li 2013; Pang et al. 2012; Xu 2011b) Social applications (Atzori et al. 2011; Guo et al. 2011, 2012; Kranz et al. 2010a, b; Michahelles et al. 2010; Speed 2011; Vazquez and Lopez-de-Ipina 2008; Cao et al. 2013) Challenges Security (Alcaraz et al. 2010; Babar et al. 2010; Dlamini et al. 2009; Hancke et al. 2010; Mahalle et al. 2010; Roman et al. 2011a, b; Yan and Wen 2012; Zhou and Chao 2011) Privacy (Medaglia and Serbanati 2010; Oleshchuk 2009; Sarma and Girão 2009) Legal/Accountability (Weber 2009, 2011) General (Bandyopadhyay and Sen 2011; Christin et al. 2009; Coetzee and Eksteen 2011; Ma 2011; Mattern and Floerkemeier 2010; Mayordomo et al. 2011; Shen and Liu 2011; Zhang et al. 2011) Business models (Bohli et al. 2009; Haller et al. 2009; Fu et al. 2011; Li et al. 2012) Future Directions (Akyildiz and Jornet 2010; Guinard and Trifa 2009) Overview/Survey (Aggarwal et al. 2013; Atzori et al. 2010; Chui et al. 2010; Conti 2006; Gluhak et al. 2011; Huang and Li 2010b; Kopetz 2011; Liu and Zhou 2012; Mainetti et al. 2011; Miorandi et al. 2012; Ngai et al. 2008; Stuckmann and Zimmermann 2009; Tan and Wang 2010; Xu 2011a) media in society....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This survey paper proposes a novel taxonomy for IoT technologies, highlights some of the most important technologies, and profiles some applications that have the potential to make a striking difference in human life, especially for the differently abled and the elderly.
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is defined as a paradigm in which objects equipped with sensors, actuators, and processors communicate with each other to serve a meaningful purpose. In this paper, we survey state-of-the-art methods, protocols, and applications in this new emerging area. This survey paper proposes a novel taxonomy for IoT technologies, highlights some of the most important technologies, and profiles some applications that have the potential to make a striking difference in human life, especially for the differently abled and the elderly. As compared to similar survey papers in the area, this paper is far more comprehensive in its coverage and exhaustively covers most major technologies spanning from sensors to applications.

1,025 citations


Cites methods from "Health care applications: a solutio..."

  • ...We can use sensors, which can measure and monitor various medical parameters in the human body [33]....

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
27 Jun 2015
TL;DR: The availability of data at hitherto unimagined scales and temporal longitudes coupled with a new generation of intelligent processing algorithms can facilitate an evolution in the practice of medicine and help reduce the cost of health care while simultaneously improving outcomes.
Abstract: Among the panoply of applications enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT), smart and connected health care is a particularly important one. Networked sensors, either worn on the body or embedded in our living environments, make possible the gathering of rich information indicative of our physical and mental health. Captured on a continual basis, aggregated, and effectively mined, such information can bring about a positive transformative change in the health care landscape. In particular, the availability of data at hitherto unimagined scales and temporal longitudes coupled with a new generation of intelligent processing algorithms can: (a) facilitate an evolution in the practice of medicine, from the current post facto diagnose-and-treat reactive paradigm, to a proactive framework for prognosis of diseases at an incipient stage, coupled with prevention, cure, and overall management of health instead of disease, (b) enable personalization of treatment and management options targeted particularly to the specific circumstances and needs of the individual, and (c) help reduce the cost of health care while simultaneously improving outcomes. In this paper, we highlight the opportunities and challenges for IoT in realizing this vision of the future of health care.

620 citations


Cites background from "Health care applications: a solutio..."

  • ...The system is designed for long term storage of patient’s biomedical information as well assisting health professionals with diagnostic information....

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  • ...Secure medical data processing on the cloud remains a challenge....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim of this paper is to summarize the applications of IoT in the healthcare industry and identify the intelligentization trend and directions of future research in this field.

501 citations

References
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ReportDOI
01 Mar 2012
TL;DR: This document specifies the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL), which provides a mechanism whereby multipoint-to-point traffic from devices inside the LLN towards a central control point as well as point- to- multipoint traffic from the central control points to the devices insideThe LLN are supported.
Abstract: Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) are a class of network in which both the routers and their interconnect are constrained. LLN routers typically operate with constraints on processing power, memory, and energy (battery power). Their interconnects are characterized by high loss rates, low data rates, and instability. LLNs are comprised of anything from a few dozen to thousands of routers. Supported traffic flows include point-to-point (between devices inside the LLN), point- to-multipoint (from a central control point to a subset of devices inside the LLN), and multipoint-to-point (from devices inside the LLN towards a central control point). This document specifies the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL), which provides a mechanism whereby multipoint-to-point traffic from devices inside the LLN towards a central control point as well as point-to- multipoint traffic from the central control point to the devices inside the LLN are supported. Support for point-to-point traffic is also available. [STANDARDS-TRACK]

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ReportDOI
01 Jun 2014
TL;DR: The Constrained Application Protocol is a specialized web transfer protocol for use with constrained nodes and constrained networks, designed for machine- to-machine (M2M) applications such as smart energy and building automation.
Abstract: The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a specialized web transfer protocol for use with constrained nodes and constrained (e.g., low-power, lossy) networks. The nodes often have 8-bit microcontrollers with small amounts of ROM and RAM, while constrained networks such as IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPANs) often have high packet error rates and a typical throughput of 10s of kbit/s. The protocol is designed for machine- to-machine (M2M) applications such as smart energy and building automation. CoAP provides a request/response interaction model between application endpoints, supports built-in discovery of services and resources, and includes key concepts of the Web such as URIs and Internet media types. CoAP is designed to easily interface with HTTP for integration with the Web while meeting specialized requirements such as multicast support, very low overhead, and simplicity for constrained environments.

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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: A variety of system implementations are compared in an approach to identify the technological shortcomings of the current state-of-the-art in wearable biosensor solutions and evaluate the maturity level of the top current achievements in wearable health-monitoring systems.
Abstract: The design and development of wearable biosensor systems for health monitoring has garnered lots of attention in the scientific community and the industry during the last years. Mainly motivated by increasing healthcare costs and propelled by recent technological advances in miniature biosensing devices, smart textiles, microelectronics, and wireless communications, the continuous advance of wearable sensor-based systems will potentially transform the future of healthcare by enabling proactive personal health management and ubiquitous monitoring of a patient's health condition. These systems can comprise various types of small physiological sensors, transmission modules and processing capabilities, and can thus facilitate low-cost wearable unobtrusive solutions for continuous all-day and any-place health, mental and activity status monitoring. This paper attempts to comprehensively review the current research and development on wearable biosensor systems for health monitoring. A variety of system implementations are compared in an approach to identify the technological shortcomings of the current state-of-the-art in wearable biosensor solutions. An emphasis is given to multiparameter physiological sensing system designs, providing reliable vital signs measurements and incorporating real-time decision support for early detection of symptoms or context awareness. In order to evaluate the maturity level of the top current achievements in wearable health-monitoring systems, a set of significant features, that best describe the functionality and the characteristics of the systems, has been selected to derive a thorough study. The aim of this survey is not to criticize, but to serve as a reference for researchers and developers in this scientific area and to provide direction for future research improvements.

2,051 citations


"Health care applications: a solutio..." refers background in this paper

  • ...ISABEL 11, October 26-29, Barcelona, Spain Copyright 2011ACM ISBN 978-1-4503-0913-4/11/10 ...$10.00. such as Facebook, Twitter or Linkedin, just to name a few....

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  • ...Categories and Subject Descriptors J.3 [Computer Applications]: Life and Medical Sciences Health; H.4.3 [Information Systems]: Applications Com­munications General Terms Design, Management, Standardization Keywords Internet of Things, Remote Assistance, System models, Com­munication protocols 1....

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01 Sep 2007
TL;DR: This document describes the frame format for transmission of IPv6 packets and the method of forming IPv6 link-local addresses and statelessly autoconfigured addresses on IEEE 802.15.4 networks.
Abstract: This document describes the frame format for transmission of IPv6 packets and the method of forming IPv6 link-local addresses and statelessly autoconfigured addresses on IEEE 802.15.4 networks. Additional specifications include a simple header compression scheme using shared context and provisions for packet delivery in IEEE 802.15.4 meshes. [STANDARDS-TRACK]

1,400 citations