Health Care Quality and Finite Changes of Trade Policy A General Equilibrium Analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the issues of health care quality with international trade have been discussed and the authors have shown that a movement from a regime of international health capital immobility to one of international capital mobility may lead to an expansion of the size of the health quality exporting sector and at the same time a contraction of quality of this health care sector.
Abstract: This article attempts to relate the issues of health care quality with international trade. For this purpose we have mixed both flavours of Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson and Neo-Heckscher-Ohlin frameworks and have developed a hybrid type of trade theoretic general equilibrium model. In such a set-up we have shown that a movement from a regime of international health capital immobility to a regime of international health capital mobility may lead to an expansion of the size of the health quality exporting sector and at the same time such type of regime switch may lead to a contraction of quality of this health care sector. Moreover, from the hybrid model we have illustrated that the sizes of health care and composite export sector expand, whereas import sector of our small open economy contracts.
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TL;DR: Defence mechanism for any nation is the way through which internal as well as external geo-political condition can be stabilised as discussed by the authors. Moreover, defence sector can also be treated as one of the most pot...
Abstract: Defence mechanism for any nation is the way through which internal as well as external geo-political condition can be stabilised. Moreover, defence sector can also be treated as one of the most pot...
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Cites result from "Health Care Quality and Finite Chan..."
...The said unidirectional causality gives us the space to represent OPN (in terms of tariff liberalisation) and PCFDI inflow (in terms of foreign capital inflow) as exogenous to our model (Chatterjee & Gupta, 2015)....
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01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the authors tried to capture most of the relevant articles in the corresponding category, but also shouted for some of the major research gaps in the form of future research agenda.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the connection between income inequality and health in both poor and rich countries and conclude that there is no direct link from income inequality to ill-health; individuals are no more likely to die if they live in more unequal places.
Abstract: I explore the connection between income inequality and health in both poor and rich countries. I discuss a range of mechanisms, including nonlinear income effects, credit restrictions, nutritional traps, public goods provision, and relative deprivation. I review the evidence on the effects of income inequality on the rate of decline of mortality over time, on geographical pattens of mortality, and on individual-level mortality. Much of the literature needs to be treated skeptically, if only because of the low quality of much of the data on income inequality. Although there are many puzzles that remain, I conclude that there is no direct link from income inequality to ill-health; individuals are no more likely to die if they live in more unequal places. The raw correlations that are sometimes found are likely the result of factors other than income inequality, some of which are intimately linked to broader notions of inequality and unfairness. That income inequality itself is not a health risk does not deny the importance for health of other inequalities, nor of the social environment. Whether income redistribution can improve population health does not depend on a direct effect of income inequality and remains an open question.
1,240 citations
"Health Care Quality and Finite Chan..." refers background in this paper
...Interested readers may look at Deaton (2003), Herzer and Nunnenkamp (2012), Stevens, Urbach and Wills (2013) and Outreville (2007) etc. 5....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an extended model for demand endogenous substitution, aggregate elasticity of substitution, convergence to balanced growth, and saving behavior of technology change, including the Magnification Effect.
Abstract: The following sections are included:IntroductionThe ModelThe Equations of ChangeThe Magnification EffectThe Extended Model: Demand EndogenousThe Aggregate Elasticity of SubstitutionConvergence to Balanced GrowthSavings BehaviorThe Analysis of Technological ChangeReferences
1,089 citations
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that location-specific advantages of host countries, including good governance, do provide an explication of the internationalization of firms in some developing countries rather than others.
Abstract: Given the growing importance of the health care sector and the significant development of trade in health services, foreign direct investment (FDI) in this sector has gathered momentum with the General Agreement on Trade in Services. Despite extensive case based research and publications in recent years on health care markets and the rise of private sectors, it is surprisingly difficult to find evidence on the relative importance of the largest multinational corporations (MNCs) operating in the health care sector. The objective of the paper is to identify some of the determinants of foreign investment of the largest MNCs operating in this industry. The list of the largest MNCs has been compiled using company websites and data is available for 41 developing economies for which at least two MNCs have an office (branch and/or affiliate). The results of this study have some important implications. They indicate that location-specific advantages of host countries, including good governance, do provide an explication of the internationalization of firms in some developing countries rather than others.
44 citations
"Health Care Quality and Finite Chan..." refers background in this paper
...Interested readers may look at Deaton (2003), Herzer and Nunnenkamp (2012), Stevens, Urbach and Wills (2013) and Outreville (2007) etc. 5....
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TL;DR: This paper examined the relationship between free trade and health, using a range of data relating to trade openness and human development, and found that free trade does in fact appear to be associated with better health outcomes, with the relationship particularly pronounced for lower-income countries.
Abstract: A recurrent theme of the academic literature and wider public discourse is that free trade is bad for health as it promotes economic inequality and insecurity, polluting the environment and making processed foods more widely available. Such views are also widely promulgated by international policymaking organizations such as the World Health Organisation (WHO).However, there has been little empirical evidence to support these assertions, in particular the relationship between free trade and health. This is an important relationship, as it tells us more about the effect of economic policies on human welfare than bald statistics relating to GDP.This study aims to build on a nascent literature by examining the relationship between free trade and health, using a range of data relating to trade openness and human development. Our analysis finds that free trade does in fact appear to be associated with better health outcomes, with the relationship particularly pronounced for lower-income countries.There are two...
33 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the long-run effect of FDI on health in developed countries using panel cointegration techniques, and found a significant and negative long run effect.
Abstract: This paper examines the long-run effect of FDI on health in developed countries. Using panel cointegration techniques, we find a significant and negative long-run effect.
28 citations