Heavy Metal Removal and Leaching from Pervious Concrete Filter: Influence of Operating Water Head and Reduced Graphene Oxide Addition
01 Sep 2019-Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division (American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE))-Vol. 145, Iss: 9, pp 04019049
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of an operating water head (OWH) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) addition on the pervious concrete filter (PCF) and heavy metals interaction were investigated.
Abstract: The effects of an operating water head (OWH) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) addition on the pervious concrete filter (PCF) and heavy metals interaction were investigated in the present st...
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TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of initial concentration, contact time and competing ions on heavy metal removal using porous concrete are discussed and the effect of decalcification, atmospheric carbonation, acid influent and acid-influent on heavy metals removal is reviewed.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , new enhanced infiltration materials (construction waste brick, coal gangue, activated carbon, multilayer carbon nanotube, multi-layer graphene) were applied in PPS and the control efficiency and mechanism of typical heavy metals (HMs, Mn2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Ni2+) was investigated in runoff.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the properties of metakaolin (MK) based cement paste coating and the effects of the metakolin on removing methylene blue in water were investigated, and the results showed that the fluidity of the cement paste decreased and the cohesiveness increased with increase of the content of MK.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the impact of aggregate gradation band width and cement to aggregate ratio on the performance of conventional PC and recycled aggregate based pervious concrete (RPC) was analyzed.
Abstract: The present research particularly focuses to understand the synergistic effect of aggregate gradation band width and cement to aggregate ratio on the performance of conventional PC (CPC) and recycled aggregate based pervious concrete (RPC). Four various aggregate gradation bands, such as GB (22.5–4.75 mm), GB (22.5–10.0 mm), GB (22.5–12.5 mm) and GB (22.5–16.0 mm), and two different cement to aggregate ratios, such as 0.33 and 0.20, were used in this study. The research outcome inferences that the aggregate gradation band width and cement aggregate ratios have a great effect on the compressive strength, density, permeability and macroscopic pore characteristics of conventional PC and RPC. When using low cement to aggregate ratio of 0.20 along with these gradation bands, the compressive strength of CPC and RPC was found in the range of 6.34–12.89 MPa and 5.49–12.97 MPa, at the same while, the permeability of CPC and RPC was found in the range of 0.35–1.27 cm/s and 0.60–1.29 cm/s respectively and these values were also satisfied with in the limits as prescribed by ACI-522R-10. This paper elucidates the consensus behaviour of CPC and RPC from the material perspective that would enhance the utilization of CPC and RPC in the construction sector.
TL;DR: In this paper , the heavy metal removal in permeable concrete samples based on geopolymer and Portland cement was examined in a study, and their performance when exposed to strong acids and turbid water were also investigated.
Abstract: The permeable pavement efficiently manages stormwater, which is acidic and contains fine sediments and heavy metals exhausted by vehicles driving on this material. The heavy metal removal in permeable concrete samples based on geopolymer and Portland cement was examined in this study. Their performance when exposed to strong acids and turbid water were also investigated. They were able to infiltrate 28 litres of water in 60 min and gained a compressive strength greater than 25 MPa in 2 weeks after casting. However, it was found that its porous structure was clogged with fine sediments when water containing bentonite clay passed through them for multiple cycles. To evaluate their metal removal capacity, a concentration of 10 mg/l of cadmium-containing solution was passed through such samples for a continuous period of 8 hours. They were able to trap nearly 95% of the cadmium ions from the simulated wastewater during the column experiment. Their adsorption behaviour fits well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, implying that the main removal mechanism is chemisorption. To examine their acid resistance capacities, cement- and geopolymer-based mortar samples were exposed to acids for 2 weeks. The acid-exposed samples were severely degraded, as the mass loss in the geopolymer was determined to be 64% lower than that of the cement sample. Geopolymer-based permeable pavements are ecological, harden in moist air, gain higher strength at early ages, are acid resistant, and also remediate groundwater contamination.
References
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TL;DR: The as-synthesized material was characterized in detail using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques and it was confirmed that the material can be used for water purification applications.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of reduced graphene oxide, alumina and silica nanoparticles on the deterioration characteristics of 28-day cured cementitious pastes after storage in 0.5 MOL/L HNO3 solution for a period of 56 days is reported.
Abstract: Acid attack on cement concrete results in the development of a degraded layer surrounding the unaffected material, which causes a deterioration of mechanical properties. The effect of reduced graphene oxide, alumina and silica nanoparticles on the deterioration characteristics of 28-day cured cementitious pastes after storage in 0.5 moL/L HNO3 solution for a period of 56 days is reported in this paper. Samples were collected from the degraded pastes at different time periods and then characterised using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, optical microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry, X-ray computed tomography and nanoindentation. While the porosimetry results showed that the presence of reduced graphene oxide and nano alumina decreased the amount of capillary pores (10 nm–10 μm) by up to 46% and 51% than the control paste after storage in acidic solution for 28 days, the details of the relative zones formed in the paste along with their characteristics were revealed by the microscopy and nanoindentation techniques. Overall, the results suggest that the presence of these nanomaterials refined the pore structure of the cementitious matrix and thereby increased the resistance to leaching of calcium ions from the binder phases exposed to aggressive aqueous media.
62 citations
TL;DR: This paper investigated whether pervious concrete is effective in removing dissolved zinc and copper contaminants from stormwater runoff, and found that it is effective for removal of dissolved zinc contaminants from runoff using pre-and post accelerated loading.
49 citations
TL;DR: SEM and MIP revealed that the replacement of Portland cement by zeolites increased the total porosity but decreased the average pore size and resulted in the better containment of heavy ions from the solidified waste.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of pervious concrete for use in agriculture has been evaluated on replicated samples of Pervious concrete made from two aggregate sources (river gravel and limestone) with two size fractions from each aggregate.
43 citations