Heterogeneous antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain and nucleocapsid with implications for COVID-19 immunity.
Kathleen M. McAndrews,Dara P. Dowlatshahi,Jianli Dai,Lisa M. Becker,Janine Hensel,Laura M. Snowden,Jennifer M. Leveille,Michael R. Brunner,Kylie W. Holden,Nikolas S. Hopkins,Alexandria M. Harris,Jerusha Kumpati,Michael A. Whitt,J. Jack Lee,Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner,Ramesha Papanna,Valerie S. LeBleu,Valerie S. LeBleu,James P. Allison,Raghu Kalluri,Raghu Kalluri,Raghu Kalluri +21 more
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TLDR
Collectively, these studies show that detection of N-protein–binding antibodies does not always correlate with presence of S-RBD–neutralizing antibodies and caution against the extensive use of N–protein–based serology testing for determination of potential COVID-19 immunity.Abstract:
Evaluation of potential immunity against the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus that emerged in 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential for health, as well as social and economic recovery. Generation of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 (seroconversion) may inform on acquired immunity from prior exposure, and antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (S-RBD) are speculated to neutralize virus infection. Some serology assays rely solely on SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N-protein) as the antibody detection antigen; however, whether such immune responses correlate with S-RBD response and COVID-19 immunity remains unknown. Here, we generated a quantitative serological ELISA using recombinant S-RBD and N-protein for the detection of circulating antibodies in 138 serial serum samples from 30 reverse transcription PCR-confirmed, SARS-CoV-2-hospitalized patients, as well as 464 healthy and non-COVID-19 serum samples that were collected between June 2017 and June 2020. Quantitative detection of IgG antibodies against the 2 different viral proteins showed a moderate correlation. Antibodies against N-protein were detected at a rate of 3.6% in healthy and non-COVID-19 sera collected during the pandemic in 2020, whereas 1.9% of these sera were positive for S-RBD. Approximately 86% of individuals positive for S-RBD-binding antibodies exhibited neutralizing capacity, but only 74% of N-protein-positive individuals exhibited neutralizing capacity. Collectively, our studies show that detection of N-protein-binding antibodies does not always correlate with presence of S-RBD-neutralizing antibodies and caution against the extensive use of N-protein-based serology testing for determination of potential COVID-19 immunity.read more
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Persistence and decay of human antibody responses to the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in COVID-19 patients.
Anita S. Iyer,Forrest K. Jones,Ariana Nodoushani,Meagan Kelly,Margaret Becker,Damien Slater,Rachel Mills,Erica Teng,Mohammad Kamruzzaman,Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran,Michael G Astudillo,Diane Yang,Tyler E. Miller,Elizabeth Oliver,Stephanie Fischinger,Caroline Atyeo,A. John Iafrate,Stephen B. Calderwood,Stephen A. Lauer,Jingyou Yu,Zhenfeng Li,Jared Feldman,Blake M. Hauser,Timothy M. Caradonna,John A. Branda,Sarah E Turbett,Regina C. LaRocque,Guillaume Mellon,Dan H. Barouch,Dan H. Barouch,Aaron G. Schmidt,Aaron G. Schmidt,Andrew S. Azman,Galit Alter,Edward T. Ryan,Jason B. Harris,Richelle C. Charles +36 more
TL;DR: RBD-targeted antibodies are excellent markers of previous and recent infection, that differential isotype measurements can help distinguish between recent and older infections, and that IgG responses persist over the first few months after infection and are highly correlated with neutralizing antibodies.
Journal ArticleDOI
A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients reveals a high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity.
Vincent Legros,Vincent Legros,Solène Denolly,Manon Vogrig,Bertrand Boson,Eglantine Siret,Josselin Rigaill,Sylvie Pillet,Florence Grattard,Sylvie Gonzalo,Paul O. Verhoeven,Omran Allatif,Philippe Berthelot,Carole Pélissier,Guillaume Thiery,Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers,Guillaume Y. Millet,Jérôme Morel,Stéphane Paul,Thierry Walzer,François-Loïc Cosset,Thomas Bourlet,Bruno Pozzetto +22 more
TL;DR: The D614G mutation in the Spike protein, which has recently been identified as the major variant now found in Europe, does not allow neutralization escape, indicating that previous infection by human coronaviruses may not generate protective nAb against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Humoral Responses and Serological Assays in SARS-CoV-2 Infections.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the latest knowledge on humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, along with the benefits and limitations of currently available commercial and laboratory-based serological assays.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transmission, viral kinetics and clinical characteristics of the emergent SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in Guangzhou, China.
Yaping Wang,Ruchong Chen,Fengyu Hu,Yun Lan,Zhaowei Yang,Chen Zhan,Jingrong Shi,Xizi Deng,Mei Jiang,Shuxin Zhong,Baolin Liao,Kai Deng,Jingyan Tang,Liliangzi Guo,Mengling Jiang,Qinghong Fan,Meiyu Li,Jinxin Liu,Yaling Shi,Xilong Deng,Xincai Xiao,Min Kang,Yan Li,Wei-jie Guan,Yimin Li,Shiyue Li,Feng Li,Nanshan Zhong,Xiaoping Tang +28 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the epidemiological, viral, and clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients infected with the Delta variant of concern (VOC), also known as lineage B. The whole chain of the Delta VOC transmission was described and compared with a cohort of wild-type infection in 2020 admitted to the Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital.
Journal ArticleDOI
COVID-19 Patients Upregulate Toll-like Receptor 4-mediated Inflammatory Signaling That Mimics Bacterial Sepsis.
Kyung Mok Sohn,Sung-Gwon Lee,Hyeon Ji Kim,Shinhyea Cheon,Hyeongseok Jeong,Jooyeon Lee,In Soo Kim,Prashanta Silwal,Young Jae Kim,Seungwha Paik,Chaeuk Chung,Chungoo Park,Yeon Sook Kim,Eun-Kyeong Jo +13 more
TL;DR: It is reported here that toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-mediated inflammatory signaling molecules are upregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from COVID-19 patients, compared with healthy controls (HC).
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Fatima Amanat,Daniel Stadlbauer,Shirin Strohmeier,Shirin Strohmeier,Thi H. O. Nguyen,Veronika Chromikova,Meagan McMahon,Kaijun Jiang,Guha Asthagiri Arunkumar,Denise Jurczyszak,Jose Polanco,Maria Bermudez-Gonzalez,Giulio Kleiner,Teresa Aydillo,Lisa Miorin,Daniel S. Fierer,Luz Amarilis Lugo,Erna Milunka Kojic,Jonathan Stoever,Sean T. H. Liu,Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles,Philip L. Felgner,Thomas M. Moran,Adolfo García-Sastre,Daniel Caplivski,Allen C. Cheng,Katherine Kedzierska,Olli Vapalahti,Jussi Hepojoki,Jussi Hepojoki,Viviana Simon,Florian Krammer +31 more
TL;DR: A serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the screening and identification of human SARS-CoV-2 seroconverters and can be adjusted to detect different antibody types in serum and plasma.
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TL;DR: A rapid and simple point‐of‐care lateral flow immunoassay that can detect immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies simultaneously against SARS‐CoV‐2 virus in human blood within 15 minutes which can detect patients at different infection stages is developed.
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