Hierarchical control of droop-controlled DC and AC microgrids — a general approach towards standardization
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Cites background or methods from "Hierarchical control of droop-contr..."
...On the other hand, this MGCC also can include tertiary control, which is more related to economic optimization, based on energy prices and electricity market [1]....
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...However, this control strategy can be used to share active power in high R/X MGs as well....
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...The conventional secondary control approach relays on using an MG central controller (MGCC), which includes slow control loops and low-bandwidth communication systems in order to measure some parameters in certain points of the MG and to send back the control output information to each DG unit [1], [2]....
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...In order to analyze the system and to adjust the parameters of DSC for frequency restoration, a small signal model has been developed for low R/X MGs [1], [30], according to (3) and Pdroop control law....
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...Recently, hierarchical control for MGs has been proposed in order to standardize their operation and functionalities [1]....
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Cites background or methods from "Hierarchical control of droop-contr..."
...Power line communication (PLC) or LBC is commonly utilized [22], [28]....
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...put current increases [22]....
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...To satisfy the requirements of a distributed configuration, droop control without communication or with LBC is commonly accepted as an efficient power sharing method in a microgrid [22]....
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...To solve this problem, a centralized secondary controller was proposed to eliminate the voltage deviation [22]; however, the influence of the line resistance was not taken into account....
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References
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"Hierarchical control of droop-contr..." refers background in this paper
...DC and ac MGs have been proposed for different applications, and hybrid solutions have been developed [1]–[12]....
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"Hierarchical control of droop-contr..." refers background in this paper
...Usually, ZD is designed to be bigger than Zo; in this way, the total equivalent output impedance is mainly dominated by ZD [17]....
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...The primary-control level can also include the virtual outputimpedance loop in which the output voltage can be expressed as [17]...
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