High performance overhead power lines with carbon nanostructures for transmission and distribution of electricity from renewable sources
TL;DR: In this article, a coupled electrical-thermal finite element (FE) analysis of Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) wires is performed and the results are benchmarked with those obtained from relevant IEEE standards.
About: This article is published in Journal of Cleaner Production.The article was published on 2017-03-01. It has received 19 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Power transmission & Electric power transmission.
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TL;DR: In this article, a facile while very effective protocol is proposed to synthesize amorphous Cu NPs, which achieved superior electrochemical performances, including high catalytic activity and selectivity of CO2 reduction to liquid fuels, that is, a total Faradaic efficiency of liquid fuels can sum up to the maximum value of 59% at -1.4 V.
Abstract: Conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) into valuable chemicals, especially liquid fuels, through electrochemical reduction driven by sustainable energy sources, is a promising way to get rid of dependence on fossil fuels, wherein developing of highly efficient catalyst is still of paramount importance. In this study, as a proof-of-concept experiment, first a facile while very effective protocol is proposed to synthesize amorphous Cu NPs. Unexpectedly, superior electrochemical performances, including high catalytic activity and selectivity of CO2 reduction to liquid fuels are achieved, that is, a total Faradaic efficiency of liquid fuels can sum up to the maximum value of 59% at -1.4 V, with formic acid (HCOOH) and ethanol (C2 H6 O) account for 37% and 22%, respectively, as well as a desirable long-term stability even up to 12 h. More importantly, this work opens a new avenue for improved electroreduction of CO2 based on amorphous metal catalysts.
222 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report highly strain-tolerant and sensitive strain sensors based on carbon nanostructures (CNS)-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposites.
Abstract: Here, we report highly strain-tolerant and sensitive strain sensors based on carbon nanostructures (CNS)-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposites. CNS consist of clusters of aligned multiwall carbon-nanotubes (MWCNT) with high degree of entanglement and wall sharing between nanotubes. The unique features of CNS result in nanocomposites with very low electrical percolation threshold (0.05 wt% CNS), strong linear-piezoresistive-response up to 110% strain, and high sensitivity with gauge factor ranging from 8 to 47. We also present a simple analytical model for predicting resistivity evolution as a function of stretch considering incompressible hyperelastic behavior of CNS/PDMS nanocomposites. CNS/PDMS nanocomposites also show good hysteresis performance and stability up to 100 repetitive stretch/release cycles for 30% maximum strain. Tunable sensitivity and linear piezoresistivity coupled with high stretchability of CNS/PDMS nanocomposites demonstrated here suggest their potential for applications in wearable health and fitness monitoring devices.
58 citations
TL;DR: High sensitivity of CNT/UHMWPE nanocomposites coupled with linear piezoresistive response up to 100% strain demonstrates their potential for application in artificial implants as a self-sensing material.
53 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an advanced fuzzy (AHP) with a multi-perspective approach based on the expert assessment to select the efficient renewable energy in Pakistan was used to investigate the relative efficacy of renewable energy.
Abstract: Around the globe, all developing and developed economies focus on renewable energy sources for clean and sustainable economic growth and aim to decrease carbon emission to improve the climatic condition. This study aims to evaluate the feasible renewable energy source in Pakistan and study the criteria based on the investigation of wind energy, biomass energy, geothermal and solar energy, and their effects on Pakistan’s climate. As renewable energy, clean and sustainable production is only produced from renewable energy sources; the current paper bears the viability of five primary renewable energy sources in Pakistan. This article established an advanced fuzzy (AHP) with a multi-perspective approach based on the expert assessment to select the efficient renewable energy in Pakistan. Further in this study, we utilized the DEA model to investigate the relative efficacy of renewable energy. This study indicated that wind energy is the efficient renewable energy source in Pakistan, which showed an efficiency score of 0. 1000. Our results further suggested that wind energy’s next option for renewable energy solar best for renewable production in Pakistan. The results further exposed that the solar is the second-highest energy source with an efficiency score of 0. 777. Moreover, geothermal gets a less efficient score, that of 0.198. Further, our study showed that the economic benefits (EBs) and environmental implication criteria are significant in this research. This article gives a strong recommendation for a future wind energy source in Pakistan. Our results suggest that the best renewable energy source in the future is wind energy for the sustainable and economic development of Pakistan and other developing countries.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this article, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) are combined with UHMWPE to form a nearly two-dimensional conductive network.
Abstract: Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based conductive nanocomposites with reduced percolation and tunable piezoresistive behavior were prepared via solution mixing followed by compression molding using carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). The effect of varying wt% of GNP with fixed CNT content (0.1 wt%) on the mechanical, electrical, thermal and piezoresistive properties of UHMWPE nanocomposites was evaluated. The combination of CNT and GNP enhanced the dispersion in UHMWPE matrix and lowered the probability of CNT aggregation as GNP acted as a spacer to separate the entanglement of CNT with each other. This has allowed the formation of an effective conductive path between GNP and CNT in UHMWPE matrix. The thermal conductivity, degree of crystallinity and degradation temperature of the nanocomposites increased with increasing GNP content. The elastic modulus and yield strength of the nanocomposites were improved by 37% and 33%, respectively, for 0.1/0.3 wt% of CNT/GNP compared to neat UHMWPE. The electrical conductivity was measured using four-probe method, and the lowest electrical percolation threshold was achieved at 0.1/0.1 wt% of CNT/GNP forming a nearly two-dimensional conductive network (critical value, t = 1.20). Such improvements in mechanical and electrical properties are attributed to the synergistic effect of the two-dimensional GNP and one-dimensional CNT which limits aggregation of CNTs enabling a more efficient conductive network at low wt% of fillers. These hybrid nanocomposites exhibited strong piezoresistive response with sensitivity factor of 6.2, 15.93 and 557.44 in the linear elastic, inelastic I and inelastic II regimes, respectively, for 0.1/0.5 wt% of CNT/GNP. This study demonstrates the fabrication method and the self-sensing performance of CNT/GNP/UHMWPE nanocomposites with improved properties useful for orthopedic implants.
46 citations
Cites background from "High performance overhead power lin..."
...The high thermal stability has been reported for SWCNTs and the temperature stability is estimated up to 2800 C in a vacuum and 750 C in the air, while the thermal conductivity of SWCNTs is approximately 3000 W/m K [14]....
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...With the ability to conduct electricity with low resistance [13, 14] and biocompatibility, CNT is suitable for devices and sensors, especially for biomedical applications....
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, an extended account of the various chemical strategies for grafting polymers onto carbon nanotubes and the manufacturing of carbon-nanotube/polymer nanocomposites is given.
2,766 citations
TL;DR: The main objective of this paper is to provide a contemporary look at the current state of the art in smart grid communications as well as to discuss the still-open research issues in this field.
Abstract: For 100 years, there has been no change in the basic structure of the electrical power grid. Experiences have shown that the hierarchical, centrally controlled grid of the 20th Century is ill-suited to the needs of the 21st Century. To address the challenges of the existing power grid, the new concept of smart grid has emerged. The smart grid can be considered as a modern electric power grid infrastructure for enhanced efficiency and reliability through automated control, high-power converters, modern communications infrastructure, sensing and metering technologies, and modern energy management techniques based on the optimization of demand, energy and network availability, and so on. While current power systems are based on a solid information and communication infrastructure, the new smart grid needs a different and much more complex one, as its dimension is much larger. This paper addresses critical issues on smart grid technologies primarily in terms of information and communication technology (ICT) issues and opportunities. The main objective of this paper is to provide a contemporary look at the current state of the art in smart grid communications as well as to discuss the still-open research issues in this field. It is expected that this paper will provide a better understanding of the technologies, potential advantages and research challenges of the smart grid and provoke interest among the research community to further explore this promising research area.
2,331 citations
"High performance overhead power lin..." refers background in this paper
...…technology into the electricity smart grids is the key for meeting the future electricity demands and efficiency requirements (Bouhafs et al. (2012); Gungor et al. (2011); O'Driscoll and O'Donnell (2013); Battaglini et al. (2009); Electrical Power Research Institute * Corresponding author....
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TL;DR: In this article, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding mechanisms of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polymer composites were analyzed experimentally and theoretically.
1,222 citations
"High performance overhead power lin..." refers background in this paper
...Incorporation of outer CNS composite layer in the transmission wires may also enable in-built deicing capability and protection from lightning strike and foreign object damage (Al-Saleh and Sundararaj (2009); Chu et al. (2014))....
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DOI•
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The mission of the JRC-IE is to provide support to Community policies related to both nuclear and non-nuclear energy in order to ensure sustainable, secure and efficient energy production, distribution and use.
Abstract: The mission of the JRC-IE is to provide support to Community policies related to both nuclear and non-nuclear energy in order to ensure sustainable, secure and efficient energy production, distribution and use. The Smart Electricity Systems (SES) Action of the Energy Security Unit performs independent scientific research and acts as in-house scientific consultant for EU policy-making actors with particular focus on the ongoing transformations of smart electricity systems. The SES Action also develops dedicated power system models and hardware / software simulation tools, as well as an energy security Geographic Information System for EU energy infrastructures. or scan this QR (Quick Response) code using a QR reader app on your phone (no typing required) Legal Notice Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. The use of trademarks in this publication does not constitute an endorsement by the European Commission. The views expressed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed.
264 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that by combining wide area power generation and decentralised power generation, it is possible to address the crucial issue of renewable generation in a comprehensive as well as in a technologically and economically viable manner.
243 citations
"High performance overhead power lin..." refers background in this paper
...…technology into the electricity smart grids is the key for meeting the future electricity demands and efficiency requirements (Bouhafs et al. (2012); Gungor et al. (2011); O'Driscoll and O'Donnell (2013); Battaglini et al. (2009); Electrical Power Research Institute * Corresponding author....
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