High-performance supercapacitor of manganese oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite coated on flexible carbon fiber paper
TL;DR: In this paper, a supercapacitor electrode of manganese oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite coated on flexible carbon fiber paper (MnO2-rGO/CFP) was reported.
About: This article is published in Carbon.The article was published on 2013-08-01. It has received 230 citations till now.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: The principles and methods of designing and optimizing electrolytes for ES performance and application are highlighted through a comprehensive analysis of the literature, and challenges in producing high-performing electrolytes are analyzed.
Abstract: Electrolytes have been identified as some of the most influential components in the performance of electrochemical supercapacitors (ESs), which include: electrical double-layer capacitors, pseudocapacitors and hybrid supercapacitors. This paper reviews recent progress in the research and development of ES electrolytes. The electrolytes are classified into several categories, including: aqueous, organic, ionic liquids, solid-state or quasi-solid-state, as well as redox-active electrolytes. Effects of electrolyte properties on ES performance are discussed in detail. The principles and methods of designing and optimizing electrolytes for ES performance and application are highlighted through a comprehensive analysis of the literature. Interaction among the electrolytes, electro-active materials and inactive components (current collectors, binders, and separators) is discussed. The challenges in producing high-performing electrolytes are analyzed. Several possible research directions to overcome these challenges are proposed for future efforts, with the main aim of improving ESs' energy density without sacrificing existing advantages (e.g., a high power density and a long cycle-life) (507 references).
2,480 citations
TL;DR: The state-of-the-art advancements in FSSCs are reviewed to provide new insights on mechanisms, emerging electrode materials, flexible gel electrolytes and novel cell designs.
Abstract: Flexible solid-state supercapacitors (FSSCs) are frontrunners in energy storage device technology and have attracted extensive attention owing to recent significant breakthroughs in modern wearable electronics In this study, we review the state-of-the-art advancements in FSSCs to provide new insights on mechanisms, emerging electrode materials, flexible gel electrolytes and novel cell designs The review begins with a brief introduction on the fundamental understanding of charge storage mechanisms based on the structural properties of electrode materials The next sections briefly summarise the latest progress in flexible electrodes (ie, freestanding and substrate-supported, including textile, paper, metal foil/wire and polymer-based substrates) and flexible gel electrolytes (ie, aqueous, organic, ionic liquids and redox-active gels) Subsequently, a comprehensive summary of FSSC cell designs introduces some emerging electrode materials, including MXenes, metal nitrides, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), polyoxometalates (POMs) and black phosphorus Some potential practical applications, such as the development of piezoelectric, photo-, shape-memory, self-healing, electrochromic and integrated sensor-supercapacitors are also discussed The final section highlights current challenges and future perspectives on research in this thriving field
1,210 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of flexible solid-state electrochemical supercapacitors and their performance metrics is presented, and a better practice by calculating released energy to evaluate material and device performance is proposed.
679 citations
TL;DR: Graphene oxide (GO), the functionalized graphene with oxygen-containing chemical groups, has recently attracted resurgent interests because of its superior properties such as large surface area, mechanical stability, tunable electrical and optical properties as discussed by the authors.
495 citations
TL;DR: This paper summarizes the recent results about FEs/FSCs and presents this review by categories, and brings up some fresh ideas for the future development of wearable energy storage devices.
Abstract: Supercapacitors are important energy storage devices capable of delivering energy at a very fast rate. With the increasing interest in portable and wearable electronic equipment, various flexible supercapacitors (FSCs) and flexible electrodes (FEs) have been investigated widely and constantly in recent years. Currently-developed FEs/FSCs exhibit myriad physical forms and functional features and form a complicated and extensive system. Herein, we summarize the recent results about FEs/FSCs and present this review by categories. According to different micro-structures and macroscopic patterns, the existing FEs/FSCs can be divided into three types: fiber-like FEs/FSCs; paper-like FEs/FSCs; and three-dimensional porous FEs (and corresponding FSCs). Subsequently each type of the FEs/FSCs is further sub-classified based on their construction rules, and mechanical and electrochemical properties. To our best knowledge, this is the first time such a hierarchical and detailed classification strategy has been propose. We believe it will be beneficial for researchers around the world to understand FEs/FSCs. In addition, we bring up some fresh ideas for the future development of wearable energy storage devices.
478 citations
References
More filters
26,456 citations
TL;DR: This work has shown that combination of pseudo-capacitive nanomaterials, including oxides, nitrides and polymers, with the latest generation of nanostructured lithium electrodes has brought the energy density of electrochemical capacitors closer to that of batteries.
Abstract: Electrochemical capacitors, also called supercapacitors, store energy using either ion adsorption (electrochemical double layer capacitors) or fast surface redox reactions (pseudo-capacitors). They can complement or replace batteries in electrical energy storage and harvesting applications, when high power delivery or uptake is needed. A notable improvement in performance has been achieved through recent advances in understanding charge storage mechanisms and the development of advanced nanostructured materials. The discovery that ion desolvation occurs in pores smaller than the solvated ions has led to higher capacitance for electrochemical double layer capacitors using carbon electrodes with subnanometre pores, and opened the door to designing high-energy density devices using a variety of electrolytes. Combination of pseudo-capacitive nanomaterials, including oxides, nitrides and polymers, with the latest generation of nanostructured lithium electrodes has brought the energy density of electrochemical capacitors closer to that of batteries. The use of carbon nanotubes has further advanced micro-electrochemical capacitors, enabling flexible and adaptable devices to be made. Mathematical modelling and simulation will be the key to success in designing tomorrow's high-energy and high-power devices.
14,213 citations
"High-performance supercapacitor of ..." refers background in this paper
...5–30 Wh kg ) than batteries ( 20–180 Wh kg ) [1–3]....
[...]
...Supercapacitors have a major advantage of 10- to 100-fold higher power density (charge/dischrage rate) than batteries [1–3]....
[...]
...[2] Simon P, Gogotsi Y....
[...]
TL;DR: CMG materials are made from 1-atom thick sheets of carbon, functionalized as needed, and here their performance in an ultracapacitor cell is demonstrated, illustrating the exciting potential for high performance, electrical energy storage devices based on this new class of carbon material.
Abstract: The surface area of a single graphene sheet is 2630 m2/g, substantially higher than values derived from BET surface area measurements of activated carbons used in current electrochemical double layer capacitors. Our group has pioneered a new carbon material that we call chemically modified graphene (CMG). CMG materials are made from 1-atom thick sheets of carbon, functionalized as needed, and here we demonstrate in an ultracapacitor cell their performance. Specific capacitances of 135 and 99 F/g in aqueous and organic electrolytes, respectively, have been measured. In addition, high electrical conductivity gives these materials consistently good performance over a wide range of voltage scan rates. These encouraging results illustrate the exciting potential for high performance, electrical energy storage devices based on this new class of carbon material.
7,505 citations
"High-performance supercapacitor of ..." refers background in this paper
...[4] Stoller MD, Park S, Yanwu Z, An J, Ruoff RS....
[...]
...Graphene exhibited high EDLC with the theoretical value of 550 F g 1 calculated for single-layer graphene sheet [1,4] and high intrinsic (quantum) capacitance ( 21 lF cm ), which is the upper limit for carbon-based materials [1,5]....
[...]
TL;DR: It is shown that graphite oxide sheets can be converted by infrared laser irradiation into porous graphene sheets that are flexible, robust, and highly conductive, and hold promise for high-power, flexible electronics.
Abstract: Although electrochemical capacitors (ECs), also known as supercapacitors or ultracapacitors, charge and discharge faster than batteries, they are still limited by low energy densities and slow rate capabilities. We used a standard LightScribe DVD optical drive to do the direct laser reduction of graphite oxide films to graphene. The produced films are mechanically robust, show high electrical conductivity (1738 siemens per meter) and specific surface area (1520 square meters per gram), and can thus be used directly as EC electrodes without the need for binders or current collectors, as is the case for conventional ECs. Devices made with these electrodes exhibit ultrahigh energy density values in different electrolytes while maintaining the high power density and excellent cycle stability of ECs. Moreover, these ECs maintain excellent electrochemical attributes under high mechanical stress and thus hold promise for high-power, flexible electronics.
3,603 citations
"High-performance supercapacitor of ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...5–30 Wh kg ) than batteries ( 20–180 Wh kg ) [1–3]....
[...]
...Graphene exhibited high EDLC with the theoretical value of 550 F g 1 calculated for single-layer graphene sheet [1,4] and high intrinsic (quantum) capacitance ( 21 lF cm ), which is the upper limit for carbon-based materials [1,5]....
[...]
...The polymer-gelled electrolyte was prepared by the following method with our modification [1,20]....
[...]
...Fabrication of an all-solid-state flexible MnO2–rGO/CFP supercapacitor device was assembled by pouring the polymer-gelled electrolyte (100 ll electrolyte/1 cm of the electrode) onto the MnO2–rGO/CFP electrode with the dimension of 2 · 14 cm [1]....
[...]
...8) [1]....
[...]
TL;DR: The key to success was the ability to make full utilization of the highest intrinsic surface capacitance and specific surface area of single-layer graphene by preparing curved graphene sheets that will not restack face-to-face.
Abstract: A supercapacitor with graphene-based electrodes was found to exhibit a specific energy density of 85.6 Wh/kg at room temperature and 136 Wh/kg at 80 °C (all based on the total electrode weight), measured at a current density of 1 A/g. These energy density values are comparable to that of the Ni metal hydride battery, but the supercapacitor can be charged or discharged in seconds or minutes. The key to success was the ability to make full utilization of the highest intrinsic surface capacitance and specific surface area of single-layer graphene by preparing curved graphene sheets that will not restack face-to-face. The curved morphology enables the formation of mesopores accessible to and wettable by environmentally benign ionic liquids capable of operating at a voltage >4 V.
2,852 citations
"High-performance supercapacitor of ..." refers background in this paper
...5–30 Wh kg ) than batteries ( 20–180 Wh kg ) [1–3]....
[...]
...teries [3]....
[...]
...[3] Liu CG, Yu ZN, Neff D, Zhamu A, Jang BZ....
[...]
...Supercapacitors have a major advantage of 10- to 100-fold higher power density (charge/dischrage rate) than batteries [1–3]....
[...]
...power typically needed during rapid breaking and rapid acceleration in hybrid electric vehicles [3]....
[...]