High-power air-clad large-mode-area photonic crystal fiber laser.
TL;DR: No thermo-optical limitations are observed at the extracted /spl sim/35 W/m, therefore such fibers allow scaling to even higher powers, and single transverse mode operation is achieved with a mode-field area of 350 /spl mu/m/sup 2/.
Abstract: We report on a 2.3 m long air-clad ytterbium-doped large-mode-area photonic crystal fiber laser generating up to 80 W output power with a slope efficiency of 78%. Single transverse mode operation is achieved with a mode-field area of 350 µm2. No thermo-optical limitations are observed at the extracted ~35W/m, therefore such fibers allow scaling to even higher powers.
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TL;DR: In this article, a periodic array of microscopic air holes that run along the entire fiber length are used to guide light by corralling it within a periodic arrays of microscopic holes.
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibers guide light by corralling it within a periodic array of microscopic air holes that run along the entire fiber length Largely through their ability to overcome the limitations of conventional fiber optics—for example, by permitting low-loss guidance of light in a hollow core—these fibers are proving to have a multitude of important technological and scientific applications spanning many disciplines The result has been a renaissance of interest in optical fibers and their uses
3,918 citations
TL;DR: The history, fabrication, theory, numerical modeling, optical properties, guidance mechanisms, and applications of photonic-crystal fibers are reviewed.
Abstract: The history, fabrication, theory, numerical modeling, optical properties, guidance mechanisms, and applications of photonic-crystal fibers are reviewed
1,488 citations
TL;DR: In this article, different properties possible to obtain in photonic crystal fibers are reviewed and fabrication and modeling methods are also discussed, and different properties of photonic bandgap effect are discussed.
Abstract: Photonic crystal fibers are a new class of optical fibers. Their artificial crystal-like microstructure results in a number of unusual properties. They can guide light not only through a well-known total internal reflection mechanism but using also photonic bandgap effect. In this paper different properties possible to obtain in photonic crystal fibers are reviewed. Fabrication and modeling methods are also discussed.
995 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Liquid Crystal Photonic Bandgap Fibers are described, which are PCFs infiltrated with Liquid Crystals (LCs) in order to obtain increased fiber functionality and a thermo-optic fiber switch with an extinction ratio of 60dB and tunable PBGs using thermosensitive tuning of the LC.
517 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe Liquid Crystal Photonic Bandgap Fibers, which are PCFs infiltrated with Liquid Crystals (LCs) in order to obtain increased fiber functionality.
Abstract: Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) have appeared as a new class of optical waveguides, which have attracted large scientific and commercial interest during the last years. PCFs are microstructured waveguides, usually in silica, with a large number of air holes located in the cladding region of the fiber. The size and location of these air holes opens up for a large degree of design freedom within optical waveguide design. Further, the existence of air holes in the PCF gives access close to the fiber core and by introducing new materials into the air holes, a high interaction between light and hole material can be obtained, while maintaining the microstructure of the waveguide. In this paper, we describe what we call Liquid Crystal Photonic Bandgap Fibers, which are PCFs infiltrated with Liquid Crystals (LCs) in order to obtain increased fiber functionality. We describe a thermo-optic fiber switch with an extinction ratio of 60dB and tunable PBGs using thermo-optic tuning of the LC. These devices operate by the PBG effect and are therefore highly sensitive to the refractive index distributions in the holes.
507 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, power scaling of continuous-wave fiber lasers with up to 0.5 kW output powers from a single fibre with nearly diffraction-limited beam quality without the limitation of nonlinear effects is reported.
Abstract: Power scaling of continuous-wave fibre lasers with up to 0.5 kW output powers from a single fibre with nearly diffraction-limited beam quality without the limitation of nonlinear effects is reported.
220 citations
TL;DR: An Ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fibre laser is demonstrated with a 100 microm2 core area and single transverse mode with an output efficiency of 30 % and potentially scalable to high power.
Abstract: An Ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fibre laser is demonstrated with a 100 microm2 core area and single transverse mode with an output efficiency of 30 %. Double-clad PCF laser structures are demonstrated with pump cladding NA greater than 0.8 and output power up to 3.9 W. Such lasers are potentially scalable to high power.
217 citations
TL;DR: Numerically studying the possibilities for improved large-mode-area endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fibers for use in high-power delivery applications finds that a triangular core formed by three missing neighboring air holes considerably improves the mode area and loss properties compared with the case with a core formed with one missing air hole.
Abstract: We numerically study the possibilities for improved large-mode-area endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fibers for use in high-power delivery applications. By carefully choosing the optimal hole diameter, we find that a triangular core formed by three missing neighboring air holes considerably improves the mode area and loss properties compared with the case with a core formed by one missing air hole. In a realized fiber we demonstrate an enhancement of the mode area by ∼30% without a corresponding increase in the attenuation.
204 citations