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Journal ArticleDOI

High-resolution two-dimensional atomic microscopy in a tripod-type four-level atomic medium via standing wave fields

01 Nov 2020-Laser Physics (IOP Publishing)-Vol. 30, Iss: 11, pp 115402
About: This article is published in Laser Physics.The article was published on 2020-11-01. It has received 12 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Tripod (photography) & Standing wave.
Citations
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01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the techniques for laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms are described. But it was not until the 1980's that optical momentum transfer was used to cool and trap neutral atoms.
Abstract: Abstract As early as 1917, Einstein had predicted that momentum is transferred in the absorption and emission of light, but it was not until the 1980's that such optical momentum transfer was used to cool and trap neutral atoms. By properly tuning laser light close to atomic transitions, atomic samples can be cooled to extremely low temperatures, the brightness of atomic beams can be enhanced to unprecedented values, and atoms can be manipulated with extraordinary precision. In this review several of the techniques for laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms are described.

142 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the control and modification of divergence angle and birefringent rotary photon drags under the effect of quantum tunnelling and found that the rotary drags can be modified with the strength of tunneling frequencies.
Abstract: The control and modification of divergence angle and birefringent rotary photon drags under the effect of quantum tunnelling is investigated in this article. The circularly birefringence Δn=nr(+)−nr(−) , divergence angle θ d and rotary photon dragging angles θr(±) are found to have modified with the strength of tunnelling frequencies. The left and right circularly polarized beams show superlominality of group velocities −c/150 and −c/50, respectively, and the divergence angle of 0.050 radian per increment of tunnelling frequency. The maximum of rotary photon drags for both beams is measured θr(±)=±2 micro radian with fractional change of 2%. The output pulses intensities ∣Eout+(t)∣2 and ∣Eout−(t)∣2 show uniform undistorted shapes with tunnelling frequencies and no energy losses. The results could have significant applications in the fields of quantum optics, photonics, plasmonics and special mode imaging coding technology.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a scheme for the realization of two-dimensional atomic localization in a λ-type three-level atomic medium such that the atom interacts with the two orthogonal standing-wave fields and a probe field.
Abstract: Herein, we propose a scheme for the realization of two-dimensional atomic localization in a λ-type three-level atomic medium such that the atom interacts with the two orthogonal standing-wave fields and a probe field. Because of the spatially dependent atom-field interaction, the information about the position of the atom can be obtained by monitoring the probe transmission spectra of the weak probe field for the first time. A single and double sharp localized peaks are observed in the one-wavelength domain. We have theoretically archived high-resolution and high-precision atomic localization within a region smaller than λ/25 × λ/25. The results may have potential applications in the field of nano-lithography and advance laser cooling technology.

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a tunable surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are generated at the interface between the MNPs and dielectric medium, and the resonances of SPPs are calculated analytically by means of Maxwell's equations under specific boundary conditions.
Abstract: We theoretically investigate the two-dimensional (2D) atomic localization via tunable surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in hybrid nanosystem that comprises an ensemble of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) coupled to a coherent three-level λ -type atomic medium embedded as a dielectric host. Since the MNPs are shined with laser fields, the SPPs are generated at the interface between the MNPs and dielectric medium. The resonances of SPPs in the MNPs are calculated analytically by means of Maxwell’s equations under specific boundary conditions, whereas the dynamics of the atomic system are derived using the density matrix method. Owing to space-dependent light-matter interaction, the sharp localized peaks are observed in a single wavelength domain of 2D space with optimal probability. By optimizing the system parameters, ultrahigh-resolution and precision atomic localization can be achieved in a region smaller than λ / 30 × λ / 30 . The spatial resolution of atomic localization is efficiently improved compared to the previously studied cases. These results may have potential useful applications in the fields of quantum nanoplasmonics, nanomedicine, nanophotonics and nanotechnology.

7 citations

References
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MonographDOI
01 Jan 1997

4,967 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
12 May 2000
TL;DR: It is shown how to write arbitrary 2D patterns by using the nonclassical photon-number states method, and a factor of N = 2 can be achieved easily with entangled photon pairs generated from optical parametric down-conversion.
Abstract: Summary form only given. It has been known for some time that entangled photon pairs, such as generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion, have unusual imaging characteristics with sub-shot-noise interferometric phase measurement. In fact, Fonseca, et al., recently demonstrated resolution of a two-slit diffraction patterned at half the Rayleigh limit in a coincidence counting experiment. What we show is that this type of effect is possible not only in coincidence counting experiments, but also in real two-photon absorbing systems, such as those used in classical interferometric lithography. In particular, we will demonstrate that quantum entanglement is the resource that allows sub-diffraction limited lithography.

1,255 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a time-dependent analysis of four-wave mixing in an ultraslow-propagation regime was performed and the authors obtained the analytical expressions of pulsed probe laser, FWM-generated pulse, phase shifts and absorption coefficients, group velocities, and FWM efficiency.
Abstract: We perform a time-dependent analysis of four-wave mixing (FWM) in a double-$\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system in an ultraslow-propagation regime and obtain the analytical expressions of pulsed probe laser, FWM-generated pulse, phase shifts and absorption coefficients, group velocities, and FWM efficiency. With these analytical expressions, we show that an efficiently generated FWM field can acquire the same ultraslow group velocity $({V}_{g}∕c\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}--{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5})$ and pulse shape of a probe pump and that the maximum FWM efficiency is greater than 25%, which is orders of magnitude larger than previous FWM schemes in the ultraslow-propagation regime.

402 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Kerr nonlinear coefficient n(2) changes sign when the coupling beam frequency detuning switches sign, which can lead to interesting applications in optical devices such as all-optical switches.
Abstract: We measure the Kerr-nonlinear index of refraction of a three-level Lambda-type atomic system inside an optical ring cavity. The Kerr nonlinearity is modified and greatly enhanced near atomic resonant conditions for both probe and coupling beams. The Kerr nonlinear coefficient n(2) changes sign when the coupling beam frequency detuning switches sign, which can lead to interesting applications in optical devices such as all-optical switches.

395 citations