Higher levels of neanderthal ancestry in East Asians than in Europeans.
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"Higher levels of neanderthal ancest..." refers methods in this paper
...Samtools 0.1.18 (Li et al. 2009) was used to convert the BAM files into a pileup alignment (mpileup arguments: -...
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3,575 citations
"Higher levels of neanderthal ancest..." refers background or methods or result in this paper
...Our results and those of Meyer et al. (2012) imply that the relatively simple admixture scenario proposed by Green et al. (2010) needs to be altered....
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...Green et al. noted that another potential explanation is ancient population subdivision within Africa before both Neanderthals and modern humans left Africa (cf. Green et al. 2010, figure 6)....
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...D-statistics and estimates of admixture rates D-statistics, introduced by Green et al. (2010), are summary statistics for genome sequences from four populations....
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...This method is similar to the one used by Green et al. (2010) but is less restrictive and allows quantification of the differences in the number of admixed segments in different populations....
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...A detailed analysis of a draft Neanderthal genome and five low-coverage (4X) human sequences estimated that Neanderthals made a 1 – 4 % contribution to the gene pool of modern non-African populations (GREEN et al. 2010)....
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2,661 citations
"Higher levels of neanderthal ancest..." refers result in this paper
...If this scenario is correct, the time of separation of the ancestors of modern European and East Asian populations is Neanderthal Ancestry in Eurasians 207 constrained....
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...For analysis B, we redownloaded the genomic data from the Complete Genomics website (ftp://ftp2.completegenomics. com/, software version 2.0.2.15, file format version 2.0, Neanderthal Ancestry in Eurasians 201 February 2012)....
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...Communicating editor: A. Di Rienzo Neanderthal Ancestry in Eurasians 209 GENETICS Supporting Information http://www.genetics.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1534/genetics.112.148213/-/DC1 Higher Levels of Neanderthal Ancestry in East Asians than in Europeans Jeffrey D. Wall, Melinda A. Yang, Flora Jay, Sung K. Kim, Eric Y. Durand, Laurie S. Stevison, Christopher Gignoux, August Woerner, Michael F. Hammer, and Montgomery Slatkin Copyright © 2013 by the Genetics Society of America DOI: 10.1534/genetics.112.148213 J. D. Wall et al. 2 SI File S1 Additional D-statistic results We computed D(P1, P2, Neanderthal, Outgroup) for all pair of individuals (P1,P2) from the Complete Genomics data, as described in the Materials and Methods....
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...The relative frequencies of Neanderthal Ancestry in Eurasians 205 these putative Neanderthal haplotypes in the 42 sampled modern human individuals then provide estimates of the relative contributions of Neanderthal DNA to the gene pools of contemporary human populations....
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...We define two SNPs to be “congruent” if their diploid allele counts (i.e., zero, one, or two counts of a particular allele) across individuals are Neanderthal Ancestry in Eurasians 203 completely correlated (i.e., r2 = 1)....
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1,690 citations
"Higher levels of neanderthal ancest..." refers background or methods or result in this paper
...We also obtained the high-coverage Denisova genome from Meyer et al. (2012)....
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...Because we have analyzed more modern human sequences than Meyer et al. (2012) did, we are able to show the extent of variation within both Asian and African populations....
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...Our results and those of Meyer et al. (2012) imply that the relatively simple admixture scenario proposed by Green et al. (2010) needs to be altered....
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...This conclusion is consistent with that of Meyer et al. (2012), which was based on the analysis of a smaller number of modern human sequences....
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...In this study, we revisit the question of Neanderthal admixture, using an expanded data set of 42 high-coverage (.45·) modern human genomic sequences, and we take advantage of the recent high-coverage Denisova genome (Meyer et al. 2012) to obtain more refined estimates of admixture proportions....
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1,636 citations
"Higher levels of neanderthal ancest..." refers background in this paper
...Consequently, estimates of East Asian–European population divergence of ,30 KYA (Gutenkunst et al. 2009; Gravel et al. 2011) are unlikely to be correct....
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...NEANDERTHALS were a group of archaic hominins thatoccupied large parts of Europe and West Asia from 30,000 to 300,000 years ago (KYA) (Stringer and Hublin 1999; Hublin 2009)....
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...This timeframe is also supported by a 40- to 50- KYA modern human fossil recently found in China (Fu et al. 2013)....
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...Rather than have two distinct episodes of admixture, it seems more plausible that admixture took place over a protracted period 50–80 KYA....
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...Genetics, Vol. 194, 199–209 May 2013 199 50–80 KYA, prior to the divergence of modern-day European and Asian populations....
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