Reference EntryDOI
Horizontal Merger Guidelines
Gilbert Becker
- pp 1-6
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, the authors provide an examination of the four sets of guidelines, regarding mergers between rival firms, which have been provided to the business community by the US antitrust authorities during the past half century.Abstract:
This article provides an examination of the four sets of guidelines, regarding mergers between rival firms, which have been provided to the business community by the US antitrust authorities during the past half century. These guidelines identify the conditions under which a proposed merger is considered to be sufficiently anticompetitive that the antitrust authorities will challenge the merger in court. The development of, and economic rationale behind, the first set of guidelines issued in 1968 is presented. The article then presents the three sets of guidelines subsequently developed by the US Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission, including those issued in 2010 that are in force today. The differences in the economic methodology behind each set of guidelines are presented. The article then provides a discussion of the ongoing policy debate among several prominent economics scholars as to the relative merits of the early and newer guides.
Keywords:
antitrust policy;
mergers;
market power;
market performance;
guidelinesread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Industrial Organization of Health-Care Markets
TL;DR: This paper analyzes the industrial organization literature on health care markets focusing on the impact of competition on price, quality and treatment decisions for health care providers and health insurers and concludes with a discussion of research opportunities for industrial organization economists.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hospitals, Market Share, and Consolidation
TL;DR: Local governments may want to introduce new policies that help ensure consumers gain protection in the event of consolidation, such as insurance products that charge consumers more for high-priced clinicians and health care centers, bundling payments to clinicians and medical centers to eliminate the incentives of big institutions to simply provide more care, and establishing area-specific price or spending targets.
Journal ArticleDOI
By-product metals are technologically essential but have problematic supply
TL;DR: It is this subset of companion metals—vital in current technologies such as electronics, solar energy, medical imaging, energy-efficient lighting, and other state-of-the-art products—that may be at the greatest risk of supply constraints in the coming decades.
Journal ArticleDOI
Competition in health care markets
TL;DR: This chapter model the strategic determination of prices between health insurers and providers where insurers market their products to consumers based, in part, on the quality and breadth of their provider network and concludes by considering vertical restraints and monopsony power.
Journal ArticleDOI
Circular economy strategies for mitigating critical material supply issues
Gabrielle Gaustad,Gabrielle Gaustad,Mark Krystofik,Mark Krystofik,Michele L. Bustamante,Kedar Badami,Kedar Badami +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conduct a literature review combined with case study analysis to examine how certain firms assess and monitor their vulnerability to critical material supply chain issues and provide specific business examples for integrating circularity strategies.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Horizontal Mergers: Triage and Treatment
TL;DR: The pursuit of any sort of structural policy towards oligopoly presupposes that we can recognize anticompetitive structures when we see them as discussed by the authors. Unfortunately, that requisite is not easy to m...
Journal ArticleDOI
Horizontal Merger Policy: Problems and Changes
TL;DR: Most knowledgeable economists seem now to agree that the Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, and the courts were excessively hostile to horizontal mergers in the 1960s as mentioned in this paper, and that the United States government should have been more tolerant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thirty-One Merger Policy Questions Still Lingering after the 1992 Guidelines
TL;DR: The 1992 Merger Guidelines provide a valuable, thoughtful description of the analytical framework applied by the U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission in evaluating transactions as mentioned in this paper.
Posted Content
Sharper Focus: Market Shares in the Merger Guidelines
TL;DR: The U.S. Merger Guidelines have two main defects as mentioned in this paper : they focus mainly on entry conditions at the periphery of each market, rather than at real market power at the core each market.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sharper Focus: Market Shares in the Merger Guidelines
TL;DR: The U.S. Merger Guidelines have two main defects as discussed by the authors : they focus mainly on entry conditions at the periphery of each market, rather than at real market power at the core each market.