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Journal ArticleDOI

How can obese weight controllers minimize weight gain during the high risk holiday season? By self-monitoring very consistently.

01 Jul 1999-Health Psychology (American Psychological Association)-Vol. 18, Iss: 4, pp 364-368
TL;DR: Findings support the critical role of self-monitoring in weight control and demonstrate the benefits of a low-cost intervention for assisting weight controllers during the holidays.
Abstract: This study examined the efficacy of augmenting standard weekly cognitive-behavioral treatment for obesity with a self-monitoring intervention during the high risk holiday season. Fifty-seven participants in a long-term cognitive-behavioral treatment program were randomly assigned to self-monitoring intervention or comparison groups. During 2 holiday weeks (Christmas-New Years), the intervention group's treatment was supplemented with additional phone calls and daily mailings, all focused on self-monitoring. As hypothesized, the intervention group self-monitored more consistently and managed their weight better than the comparison group during the holidays. However, both groups struggled with weight management throughout the holidays. These findings support the critical role of self-monitoring in weight control and demonstrate the benefits of a low-cost intervention for assisting weight controllers during the holidays.

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DOI
01 Nov 2016
TL;DR: Internet-enhanced pedometers result in greater weight loss in veterans than in walking programs using time-based walking goals or simple pedometers, and self-monitoring strategies can improve adherence to such programs.
Abstract: PURPOSE Walking programs improve health outcomes in adults at risk for cardiovascular disease and self-monitoring strategies can improve adherence to such programs. The objective of this study was to determine if a six-month internet-based walking program using web-enhanced pedometers results in more weight loss than walking programs based on time or simple pedometer-step count goals in adults with or at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS This was a multi-site, randomized controlled trial of 255 male Veterans who were ambulatory, insufficiently active, BMI ≥ 28, and who reported 1 ≥ CVD risk factors. Participants were randomized to one of three self-monitoring strategies to increase walking: (1) time-based walking goals; (2) simple pedometer-based walking goals; and (3) web-enhanced pedometer feedback goals with Internet-mediated feedback. All participants also attended five individual weight loss sessions with a dietitian. The main outcome measure was change in weight at six months (kg) and secondary outcomes were change in accelerometer-measured physical activity (min) and change in health-related quality of life at six months. RESULTS The 255 participants had a mean age of 56.3 years (SD = 10.0), BMI=36.3 (SD = 5.3) with a mean of 5.2 (SD = 2.3) medical comorbidities. Dropouts were distributed evenly across the three groups and 72% of participants completed the program. At six months, participants in the web-enhanced pedometer arm lost significantly more weight (-1.9 kg, 95% CI=-2.7, -1.1) than those in the time-based group (-0.7 kg, 95% CI=-1.5, 0.0; p = 0.04) and simple pedometer group (-0.6 kg, 95% CI=-1.4, 0.2; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Internet-enhanced pedometers result in greater weight loss in Veterans than walking programs using time-based walking goals or simple pedometers.

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Clinical implications include focusing weight loss interventions on nurturing healthy obsessions in general and, more specifically, on helping weight controllers use more diverse sources of commitment.
Abstract: Background: The Healthy Obsession Model posits that committed weight controllers develop preoccupations with the planning and execution of target behaviors to reach healthy goals. We expected that successful weight controllers, more so than unsuccessful weight controllers, would report more elaborate definitions of their healthy obsessions, negative reactions to lapses, and constructive responses to high-risk situations. We also expected to find differential sources of commitment between losers and gainers, including a greater emphasis on emotional and experiential consequences by losers, as documented in the authors' 2012 study. Methods: Sixteen adolescent participants who had completed cognitive-behavior therapy immersion treatment for obesity at least 1 year before the interviews (8 successful and 8 unsuccessful weight controllers) completed in-depth interviews based on the Scanlan Collaborative Interview Method. A qualitative analysis followed in which two coders identified themes within the ...

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide qualitative insight into the perspectives and experiences of participants who completed a telehealth trial exploring the use of telephone and text support as adjunctive tools to support a community-based obesity management program.
Abstract: Background: Quantitative evidence suggests that interventions involving telephone calls and text message are feasible and effective for improving lifestyle intervention adherence and clinical outcomes among adults with obesity. The aim of this article is to provide qualitative insight into the perspectives and experiences of participants who completed a telehealth trial exploring the use of telephone and text support as adjunctive tools to support a community-based obesity management program. Methods: Focus groups were conducted in order to evaluate program acceptability and overall participant perceptions of the clinical trial. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data, aided by the development of a thematic network. Results: The telehealth trial was well received. Participants found the telephone and text message support highly beneficial, providing encouragement, motivation and accountability via a simple and convenient mode of communication. Conclusions: These findings suggest a high degree of promise for the incorporation of telephone and text support in obesity management.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Preliminary support for the Healthy Obsession Model is provided by showing some of the anticipated negative reactions to the removal of access to self‐monitoring, especially among those who demonstrated strong commitments to the process.
Abstract: Summary The Healthy Obsession Model posits that successful weight controllers must develop a preoccupation with the planning and execution of target behaviours, including eating on programme, consistent activity and self-monitoring When barriers emerge, committed weight controllers are expected to feel distressed (eg anxious or frustrated), which should motivate them to reinstate these behaviours This study investigated the effects on moods of sudden withdrawal of self-monitoring among obese adolescents within an immersion treatment programme Fifty-five (55% female) adolescents participated in a weight loss camp and received four weekly cognitive-behaviour therapy sessions focused on maximizing commitment to programme behaviours During the fourth week, campers and staff completed daily mood ratings using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule After 3 d of ratings, campers' self-monitoring journals were removed without warning for 1 d As expected, journal removal resulted in decreased positive affect for the campers, according to staff ratings Also in accord with hypotheses, campers who demonstrated heightened commitment to the programme based on higher levels of activity and more writing in their journals reacted more negatively to the withdrawal of the opportunity to self-monitor Mood ratings by campers did not show the effects hypothesized by the Healthy Obsession Model These results provide preliminary support for the Healthy Obsession Model by showing some of the anticipated negative reactions to the removal of access to self-monitoring, especially among those who demonstrated strong commitments to the process

3 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 1979

11,977 citations


"How can obese weight controllers mi..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Because of concerns about thereliability of weight-change scores (see Cook & Campbell, 1979), the same variableswere evaluated with weight in pounds as the dependent variable....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the question of how affect arises and what affect indicates from a feedback-based view-point on self-regulation using the analogy of action control as the attempt to diminish distance to a goal, and proposed a second feedback system that senses and regulates the rate at which the action-guiding system is functioning.
Abstract: The question of how affect arises and what affect indicates is examined from a feedback-based view-point on self-regulation. Using the analogy of action control as the attempt to diminish distance to a goal, a second feedback system is postulated that senses and regulates the rate at which the action-guiding system is functioning

2,660 citations

Book
21 Nov 1994
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of self-regulation failure in social and theoretical contexts, focusing on the following: Self-Regulation Failure: Blowing It. Failure to Control Emotions and Moods.
Abstract: Basic Issues: Introduction: Self-Regulation Failure in Social and Theoretical Context. General Patterns and Mechanisms of Self-Regulation Failure. Controlling Thoughts, Feelings, and Actions: Task Performance and Self-Regulation Failure: Blowing It. Self-Management: Taking Care of Yourself. Thoughts Out of Control. Failure to Control Emotions and Moods. Controlling Impulses and Appetities: Impulses and Appetites. Alcohol Consumption and Abuse. Eating Too Much. Smoking. A Sampler of Other Behavioral Control Problems: Gambling, Shopping, and Aggression. Conclusion: Self Regulation: Propects, Problems, and Promises. References. Subject Index.

1,949 citations


"How can obese weight controllers mi..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...According to self-regulatory theories (eg, Baumeister, Heatherton, & Tice, 1994; Carver & Scheier, 1990; Kanfer & Karoly, 1972; Kirschenbaum, 1987), self-monitoring should play a vital role in effective weightcontrol....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The concept of self-control, until recently embedded in intrapsychic personality theories and banished from strict behavioral accounts of human activity, is considered from the perspective of a closed-loop learning paradigm as discussed by the authors.

468 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the matched subgroups, obese people who had sought treatment reported greater psychopathology and more binge eating than did those who had not sought treatment or did normal-weight controls.
Abstract: A group of obese people who had not sought treatment, an obese group who had sought treatment in a professional, hospital-based program, and normal-weight controls (N = 547) were compared in regard to level of psychopathology, binge eating, and negative emotional eating. Because the groups differed significantly on several demographic variables, 3 demographically matched groups were created and compared (n = 177, 59 per group). In the matched subgroups, obese people who had sought treatment reported greater psychopathology and more binge eating than did those who had not sought treatment or did normal-weight controls. Both obese groups (including those who had not sought treatment) endorsed more symptoms of distress, negative emotional eating, overeating, difficulty resisting temptation, and less exercise than did normal-weight controls.

332 citations