Q2. What are the future works in this paper?
There may be differences in the recall of this information after a longer delay, and future research should focus on the influence of human and computer learning partners on longer-term recall. Future studies may focus on whether the approachability and friendliness of perceived human interlocutors has a role in how well older adults interact and learn. Despite these limitations, their results indicate that beliefs about agency play an important role in human-computer dialogue and highlight the need for future research in this area.
Q3. How many trials were grouped into three bins?
In line with human Barrier Task research, in order to minimise inter-trial noise, the nine trials were collapsed into three trial bins, each representing three consecutive trials.
Q4. What is the effect of condition on the interaction between the computer and human?
The interaction between the early trials and condition suggests that while initial interactions with the computer partner are quicker, participants show a greater overall decrease in the time taken to complete trials in the human partner condition.
Q5. What is the effect of computer literacy on older adults?
Higher levels of computer literacy and internet use in older adults are significantly predictors of psychological well-being, reduced loneliness, and higher life satisfaction (González, Ramírez & Viadel, 2015; Heo, Chun, Lee, Lee & Kim, 2015; Gardiner, Geldenhuys & Gott, 2018).
Q6. How many older adults did they learn with a computer?
In a within-subjects design, twenty-four older adults aged 60-85 years completed a collaborative learning task with both the human and computer systems.
Q7. What is the role of the computer in how people interact and learn from them?
It is also important to note that the social manner of the computer may play a role in how people interact and learn from them, and increased computer sociability may create a more human-like alliance with an agent (Vardoulakis et al., 2012).
Q8. What was the effect of human agency beliefs on the learning and memory performance of participants?
Participants believed that they were interacting with a human partner in one condition and a computer partner in another condition and their interactive behaviours, performance, and later recall were assessed.
Q9. What should be considered when designing systems for older adults?
As beliefs about agency have an impact on how older adults interact with and learn from systems, researchers and software designers should take this into account when creating systems designed to interact with and assist older adults.
Q10. What is the main reason why older adults are increasingly using computers?
Advanced computer systems are now relatively inexpensive and therefore increasingly used by people, organisations, and corporations (Caruana, Spirou, & Brock, 2017).
Q11. What was the effect of the tangrams on the participants?
Wilcoxon signed-ranks (V = 17, p < 0.05, d = 0.55) revealed that, one hour later, participants recalled significantly more tangram descriptions in the human condition compared to the computer condition.
Q12. What variables are used to determine the accuracy of the computerised barrier task?
The Computerised Barrier Task yields two dependent variables relating to interactionwith the system; time taken to complete the task and number of interactive turns taken, aligning with previous Barrier Task research (Derksen et al., 2015).
Q13. What were the common phrases to describe each card?
The four most commonly used phrases to describe each card were accessible as descriptors, with the least common of the four presented initially.