Journal ArticleDOI
Human gut microbes impact host serum metabolome and insulin sensitivity
Helle Krogh Pedersen,Valborg Gudmundsdottir,Henrik Nielsen,Tuulia Hyötyläinen,Tuulia Hyötyläinen,Trine G. Nielsen,Benjamin A. H. Jensen,Kristoffer Forslund,Falk Hildebrand,Falk Hildebrand,Edi Prifti,Edi Prifti,Gwen Falony,Florence Levenez,Joël Doré,Ismo Mattila,Ismo Mattila,Damian R. Plichta,Päivi Pöhö,Päivi Pöhö,Lars Hellgren,Manimozhiyan Arumugam,Shinichi Sunagawa,Sara Vieira-Silva,Torben Jørgensen,Torben Jørgensen,Jacob Bak Holm,Kajetan Trošt,Karsten Kristiansen,Susanne Brix,Jeroen Raes,Jeroen Raes,Jun Wang,Torben Hansen,Torben Hansen,Peer Bork,Søren Brunak,Søren Brunak,Matej Orešič,Matej Orešič,Matej Orešič,S. Dusko Ehrlich,S. Dusko Ehrlich,Oluf Pedersen +43 more
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TLDR
It is shown how the human gut microbiome impacts the serum metabolome and associates with insulin resistance in 277 non-diabetic Danish individuals and suggested that microbial targets may have the potential to diminish insulin resistance and reduce the incidence of common metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.Abstract:
Insulin resistance is a forerunner state of ischaemic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Here we show how the human gut microbiome impacts the serum metabolome and associates with insulin resistance in 277 non-diabetic Danish individuals. The serum metabolome of insulin-resistant individuals is characterized by increased levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which correlate with a gut microbiome that has an enriched biosynthetic potential for BCAAs and is deprived of genes encoding bacterial inward transporters for these amino acids. Prevotella copri and Bacteroides vulgatus are identified as the main species driving the association between biosynthesis of BCAAs and insulin resistance, and in mice we demonstrate that P. copri can induce insulin resistance, aggravate glucose intolerance and augment circulating levels of BCAAs. Our findings suggest that microbial targets may have the potential to diminish insulin resistance and reduce the incidence of common metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.read more
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10 Years of GWAS Discovery: Biology, Function, and Translation
Peter M. Visscher,Naomi R. Wray,Qian Zhang,Pamela Sklar,Mark I. McCarthy,Matthew A. Brown,Jian Yang +6 more
TL;DR: The remarkable range of discoveriesGWASs has facilitated in population and complex-trait genetics, the biology of diseases, and translation toward new therapeutics are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Human Intestinal Microbiome in Health and Disease
Susan V. Lynch,Oluf Pedersen +1 more
TL;DR: The large majority of studies on the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of disease are correlative and preclinical; several have influenced clinical practice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease.
Yong Fan,Oluf Pedersen +1 more
TL;DR: How the gut microbiota and derived microbial compounds may contribute to human metabolic health and to the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases are discussed, and examples of microbiota-targeted interventions aiming to optimize metabolic health are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in obesity and after weight-loss intervention
Ruixin Liu,Jie Hong,Xiaoqiang Xu,Qiang Feng,Dongya Zhang,Yanyun Gu,Juan Shi,Shaoqian Zhao,Wen Liu,Xiaokai Wang,Huihua Xia,Zhipeng Liu,Bin Cui,Peiwen Liang,Liuqing Xi,Jiabin Jin,Xiayang Ying,Xiaolin Wang,Xinjie Zhao,Wanyu Li,Huijue Jia,Zhou Lan,Fengyu Li,Rui Wang,Yingkai Sun,Minglan Yang,Yuxin Shen,Zhuye Jie,Junhua Li,Xiaomin Chen,Huanzi Zhong,Hailiang Xie,Yifei Zhang,Weiqiong Gu,Xiaxing Deng,Baiyong Shen,Xun Xu,Huanming Yang,Guowang Xu,Yufang Bi,Shenghan Lai,Jian Wang,Lu Qi,Lu Qi,Lise Madsen,Lise Madsen,Jiqiu Wang,Guang Ning,Karsten Kristiansen,Weiqing Wang +49 more
TL;DR: These findings identify previously unknown links between intestinal microbiota alterations, circulating amino acids and obesity, suggesting that it may be possible to intervene in obesity by targeting the gut microbiota.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human gut microbiome: hopes, threats and promises
TL;DR: Recent evidence of the impact of the gut microbiota on metabolic disorders and focus on selected key mechanisms is discussed and the cases of the bacteria Prevotella copri and Akkermansia muciniphila will be discussed as key examples.
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