Journal ArticleDOI
Human Head Dynamic Response to Side Impact by Finite Element Modeling
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TLDR
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the membranes and that of the mechanical properties of the skull, brain, and membrane on the dynamic response of the brain during side impact, and to compare the pressure distributions from the plane strain model with the axisymmetric model.Abstract:
The dynamic response of the human head to side impact was studied by 2-dimensional finite element modeling. Three models were formulated in this study. Model I is an axisymmetric model. It simulated closed shell impact of the human head, and consisted of a single-layered spherical shell filled wiht an inviscid fluid. The other two models (Model II and III) are plane strain models of a coronal section of the human head. Model II approximated a 50th percentile male head by an outer layer to simulate cranial bone and an inviscid interior core to simulate the intracranial contents. The configuration of Model III is the same as Model II but more detailed anatomical features of the head interior were added, such as, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF); falx cerebri, dura, and tentorium. Linear elastic material properties were assigned to all three models. All three models were loaded by a triangular pulse with a peak pressure of 40 kPa, effectively producing a peak force of 1954 N (440 lb). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the membranes and that of the mechanical properties of the skull, brain, and membrane on the dynamic response of the brain during side impact, and to compare the pressure distributions from the plane strain model with the axisymmetric model. A parametric study was conducted on Model II to characterize fully its response to impact under various conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Tissue-Level Thresholds for Axonal Damage in an Experimental Model of Central Nervous System White Matter Injury
Allison C. Bain,David F. Meaney +1 more
TL;DR: Three Lagrangian strain-based thresholds for morphological damage to white matter are determined and it is now possible to predict more accurately the conditions that cause axonal injury in human white matter.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a finite element human head model partially validated with thirty five experimental cases.
Haojie Mao,Liying Zhang,Binhui Jiang,Vinay V. Genthikatti,Xin Jin,Feng Zhu,Rahul Makwana,Amandeep Gill,Gurdeep Jandir,Aviral Singh,King H. Yang +10 more
TL;DR: Studies from 35 loading cases demonstrated that the FE head model could predict head responses which were comparable to experimental measurements in terms of pattern, peak values, or time histories.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of Brain Responses Between Frontal and Lateral Impacts by Finite Element Modeling
TL;DR: Results of the simulation suggest that skull deformation and internal partitions may be responsible for the directional sensitivity of the head in terms of intracranial pressure and shear stress response, and that the head would tend to have a decreased tolerance to shear deformation in lateral impact.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deformation of the human brain induced by mild acceleration.
TL;DR: Brain deformation in human volunteers was measured directly during mild, but rapid, deceleration of the head (20-30 m/sec2 peak, approximately 40 msec duration), using an imaging technique originally developed to measure cardiac deformation, consistent with observations of contrecoup injury in occipital impact.
Journal ArticleDOI
Consequences of head size following trauma to the human head.
TL;DR: The conclusion is that the size dependence of the intracranial stresses associated with injury, is not predicted by the HIC and it is suggested that variations in head size should be considered when developing new head injury criteria.