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Book ChapterDOI

Hydropolitics in Transboundary Water Conflict and Cooperation

TL;DR: In this article, a hydropolitical sustainability index (HypSI) was proposed to formulate a water politics index, which considers the social desirability, political legitimacy, economical viability, environmental sustainability and technical feasibility aspects of shared water resources.
Abstract: Water is a fundamental human need and key to economic development. Since the beginning of civilization, people have faced problems associated with river and freshwater sharing. To add on to the precarious situation, most of the freshwater rivers are transboundary rivers, i.e. they cross at least one political border, either a border within a nation or an international boundary. Water politics, commonly known as hydropolitics, are politics affected by the availability of water and water resources, which play an important role in transboundary water management. Hydropolitics relate to the ability of geopolitical institutions to manage shared water resources in a politically sustainable manner, i.e. without tensions or conflict between political entities. As the pressures of population and economic growth increase, water resources are under increasing stress. As the stress on water resources increases, the risks associated with the management of transboundary rivers increase exponentially given the hegemonic disparities of the riparians. This gives rise to risks of conflict while generating opportunities of cooperation which can be analysed with the help of risk-opportunity index developed using fuzzy synthetic evaluation technique proposed by Rai et al. (J Hydrol 519:1551–1559, 2014). It has been proposed to formulate a hydropolitical sustainability index (HypSI) keeping in view the circles of blue sustainability (blue indicates water in this chapter) which considers the social desirability, political legitimacy, economical viability, environmental sustainability and technical feasibility aspects of shared water resources.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 2020
TL;DR: In this article, a review of research on conflict and cooperation over transboundary freshwater resources shows that, thus far, the prevailing response is cooperation, albeit non-violent conflict is quite frequent.
Abstract: Unsustainable use of freshwater resources worldwide creates enormous challenges for human societies populating these natural systems, and these challenges are likely to grow with climate change. Will societies respond with increased cooperation to manage freshwater resources more sustainably or will there be more conflict over this scarce but vital resource? This review of research on conflict and cooperation over transboundary freshwater resources shows that, thus far, the prevailing response is cooperation, albeit non-violent conflict is quite frequent, too. It also documents substantial progress in understanding the drivers of water-related cooperation and conflict. Key knowledge gaps remain, particularly with respect to transboundary water conflict and cooperation in the past 10 to 15 years and in terms of local water-related events. The key prerequisite for filling these gaps is that the research community engages in a joint effort to address persistent shortcomings in existing event datasets on water cooperation and conflict. A literature review on transboundary freshwater cooperation and conflict finds the former prevails, followed by non-violent conflict. Despite greater understanding of drivers, analysis of recent events and better datasets are needed.

51 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the core issues involved in transboundary water management and prioritizes the identified issues using fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm and a group of 30 experts from various fields were consulted to rank the issues which were clustered to determine the prioritized rank.
Abstract: Rivers, a major freshwater resource, are transboundary in nature (310 international basins) and are not governed by any water agreements. Scientific knowledge based on transboundary water resources is confined; hence, the identification of “knowledge gaps” to smoothen decision making in water management is necessary. To figure out the issues that affect water sharing is deemed important. This paper highlights the core issues involved in transboundary water management and prioritizes the identified issues using fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. A group of 30 experts from various fields were consulted to rank the issues which were clustered to determine the prioritized rank. In a hypothetical basin affected by all the transboundary issues, flood control and benefit sharing are rated with very high importance. Prioritization would help in the identification of issues of high relevance that affect water sharing. This may facilitate efficient water sharing agreements among riparians and be useful in international water governance.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a meta-theoretical socio-hydrological framework is proposed to investigate the mechanisms that drive conflict and cooperation in transboundary river basins, including the Nile, Lancang-Mekong, and Columbia rivers.
Abstract: Abstract. Increasing hydrological variability, accelerating population growth and urbanisation, and the resurgence of water resources development projects have all indicated increasing tension among the riparian countries of transboundary rivers. While a wide range of disciplines develop their understandings of conflict and cooperation in transboundary river basins, few process-based interdisciplinary approaches are available for investigating the mechanism of conflict and cooperation. This article aims to develop a meta-theoretical socio-hydrological framework that brings the slow and less visible societal processes into existing hydrological–economic models and enables observations of the change in the cooperation process and the societal processes underlying this change, thereby contributing to revealing the mechanism that drives conflict and cooperation. This framework can act as a “middle ground”, providing a system of constituent disciplinary theories and models for developing formal models according to a specific problem or system under investigation. Its potential applicability is demonstrated in the Nile, Lancang–Mekong, and Columbia rivers.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
21 Jun 2021
TL;DR: Hnatkovych et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a framework for regulation aspects of development and the use of energy resources in the transboundary zones by international business, which is based on the Energy Policy Journal 2021.
Abstract: Hnatkovych O. D. Regulation aspects of development and the use of energy resources in the transboundary zones by international business / Oksana D. Hnatkovych, Volodymyr V. Hoblyk, Olena V. Lazarieva, Vasyl V. Burba, Yevhenii Ye. Hrechin // Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2021. - Volume 24, Issue 2 - Р. 57–78

1 citations

References
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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1987

13,141 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors argue that the social, political and economic environment is as much a cause of disasters as the natural environment and that the concept of vulnerability is central to an understanding of disasters and their prevention or mitigation, exploring the extent and ways in which people gain access to resources.
Abstract: Many disasters are a complex mix of natural hazards and human action. At Risk argues that the social, political and economic environment is as much a cause of disasters as the natural environment. Published within the International Decade of Natural Hazard Reduction, this book suggests ways in which both the social and natural sciences can be analytically combined through a 'disaster pressure and release' model. Arguing that the concept of vulnerability is central to an understanding of disasters and their prevention or mitigation, the authors explore the extent and ways in which people gain access to resources. Individual chapters apply analytical concepts to famines and drought, biological hazards, floods, coastal storms, and earthquakes, volcanos and landslides - the hazards that become disasters'. Finally, the book draws practical and policy conclusions to promote a safer environment and reduce vulnerability.

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01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, the challenge of disasters and their approach are discussed, and a framework and theory for disaster mitigation is presented. But the authors do not address the problem of access to resources and coping in adversarial situations.
Abstract: Part 1: Framework and Theory 1. The Challenge of Disasters and Our Approach 2. Disaster Pressure and Release Model 3. Access to Resources and Coping in Adversity Part 2: Vulnerability and Hazard Types 4. Famine and Natural Hazards 5. Biological Hazards 6. Floods 7. Severe Coastal Storms 8. Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Landslides Part 3: Action for Disaster Reduction 9. Vulnerability, Relief and Reconstruction 10. Towards a Safer Environment

5,190 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Within the next fifty years, the planet's human population will probably pass nine billion, and global economic output may quintuple Largely as a result, scarcities of renewable resources will increase sharply The total area of high-quality agricultural land will drop, as will the extent of forests and the number of species they sustain this paper.
Abstract: Within the next fifty years, the planet's human population will probably pass nine billion, and global economic output may quintuple Largely as a result, scarcities of renewable resources will increase sharply The total area of high-quality agricultural land will drop, as will the extent of forests and the number of species they sustain Coming generations will also see the widespread depletion and degradation of aquifers, rivers, and other water resources; the decline of many fisheries; and perhaps significant climate change

1,502 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the overall role of climate change, water scarcity, and population growth in redefining global food security is examined, which reveals that the water for food security situation is intricate and might get daunting if no action is taken.

988 citations