Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae for biofuel production: State of the art review and future prospects
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TLDR
In this article, a review of the available literature is presented, analyzing the influence of parameters such as temperature, holding time and catalyst dosage on the yield and properties of the different product fractions.Abstract:
Among the various types of biomass, microalgae have the potential of becoming a significant energy source for biofuel production in the coming years. Currently, research is mainly focusing on optimization of the cultivation methods and the conversion of just a single microalgae fraction (lipids for biodiesel production). Hydrothermal liquefaction is a method for thermochemical conversion of wet microalgae, producing a liquid energy carrier called ‘bio-oil’ or ‘biocrude’, next to gaseous, aqueous and solid by-products. A review of the available literature is presented here, analyzing the influence of parameters such as temperature, holding time and catalyst dosage on the yield and properties of the different product fractions. Also, the strain selection and the status of the technology for hydrothermal processes are analyzed. Finally, based on the findings obtained from the literature review, directions for future research are suggested.read more
Citations
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Wood-Derived Materials for Green Electronics, Biological Devices, and Energy Applications.
Hongli Zhu,Wei Luo,Peter N. Ciesielski,Zhiqiang Fang,Junyong Zhu,Gunnar Henriksson,Michael E. Himmel,Liangbing Hu +7 more
TL;DR: The goal of this study is to review the fundamental structures and chemistries of wood and wood-derived materials, which are essential for a wide range of existing and new enabling technologies.
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Constraints to commercialization of algal fuels.
TL;DR: The near term outlook for widespread use of algal fuels appears bleak, but fuels for niche applications such as in aviation may be likely in the medium term.
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A review on biomass: importance, chemistry, classification, and conversion
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed different sources of biomass available, along with their chemical composition and properties, and discussed different conversion technologies (i.e., thermo-chemical, biochemical, and physico-chemical conversions) and their corresponding products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermochemical conversion of microalgal biomass into biofuels: A review
TL;DR: A state-of-the-art review of the thermochemical conversion technologies of microalgal biomass into fuels is provided and detailed conversion processes and their outcome are addressed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Process development for hydrothermal liquefaction of algae feedstocks in a continuous-flow reactor
Douglas C. Elliott,Todd R. Hart,Andrew J. Schmidt,Gary G. Neuenschwander,Leslie J. Rotness,Mariefel V. Olarte,Alan H. Zacher,Karl O. Albrecht,Richard T. Hallen,Johnathan E. Holladay +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, high levels of carbon conversion to gravity separable biocrude product were accomplished at relatively low temperature (350°C) in a continuous-flow, pressurized (sub-critical liquid water) environment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiesel from microalgae.
TL;DR: As demonstrated here, microalgae appear to be the only source of renewable biodiesel that is capable of meeting the global demand for transport fuels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review
TL;DR: The various aspects associated with the design of microalgae production units are described, giving an overview of the current state of development of algae cultivation systems (photo-bioreactors and open ponds).
Journal ArticleDOI
Biofuels from microalgae—A review of technologies for production, processing, and extractions of biofuels and co-products
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the technologies underpinning microalgae-to-bio-fuels systems, focusing on the biomass production, harvesting, conversion technologies, and the extraction of useful co-products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microalgae for oil: strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low-cost photobioreactor.
Liliana Rodolfi,Graziella Chini Zittelli,Niccolò Bassi,Giulia Padovani,Natascia Biondi,Gimena Bonini,Mario R. Tredici +6 more
TL;DR: The experiments showed that the eustigmatophyte Nannochloropsis sp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: A review of sub- and supercritical water technologies
Andrew A. Peterson,Andrew A. Peterson,Frédéric Vogel,Russell P. Lachance,Morgan Fröling,Michael Jerry Antal,Jefferson W. Tester +6 more
TL;DR: Several biomass hydrothermal conversion processes are in development or demonstration as mentioned in this paper, which are generally lower temperature (200-400 °C) reactions which produce liquid products, often called bio-oil or bio-crude.
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