Identification of beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol in Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss leaf extract using HPLC and its estrogenic effect in vitro
TL;DR: HEBB might be used as a safe alternative to estrogen replacement therapies and induced cell proliferation and all the dilutions except <500μg/ml have significantly increased cell multiplication.
About: This article is published in Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis.The article was published on 2015-11-10. It has received 27 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Stigmasterol & Bambusa bambos.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the AYUSH recommended formulations and their ingredients, routinely used medicinal plants and formulations by Indian population as well as other promising Indian medicinal plants, which can be tested against COVID-19.
Abstract: The cases of COVID-19 are still increasing day-by-day worldwide, even after a year of its first occurrence in Wuhan city of China. The spreading of SARS-CoV-2 infection is very fast and different from other SARS-CoV infections possibly due to structural differences in S proteins. The patients with severe diseases may die due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by systemic inflammatory reactions due to the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by the immune effector cells. In India too, it is spreading very rapidly, although the case fatality rate is below 1.50% (https://www.statista.com), which is markedly less than in other countries, despite the dense population and minimal health infrastructure in rural areas. This may be due to the routine use of many immunomodulator medicinal plants and traditional AYUSH formulations by the Indian people. This communication reviews the AYUSH recommended formulations and their ingredients, routinely used medicinal plants and formulations by Indian population as well as other promising Indian medicinal plants, which can be tested against COVID-19. Special emphasis is placed on Indian medicinal plants reported for antiviral, immunomodulatory and anti-allergic/anti-inflammatory activities and they are categorized for prioritization in research on the basis of earlier reports. The traditional AYUSH medicines currently under clinical trials against COVID-19 are also discussed as well as furtherance of pre-clinical and clinical testing of the potential traditional medicines against COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2. The results of the clinical studies on AYUSH drugs will guide the policymakers from the AYUSH systems of medicines to maneuver their policies for public health, provide information to the global scientific community and could form a platform for collaborative studies at national and global levels. It is thereby suggested that promising AYUSH formulations and Indian medicinal plants must be investigated on a priority basis to solve the current crisis.
79 citations
TL;DR: Total sterols and β-sitosterol significantly increased NE, 5-HT, and the metabolite 5-HIAA in the mouse brain, suggesting that the antidepressant-like activity may be mediated through these neurotransmitters.
Abstract: The purified total sterols and β-sitosterol extracted from Sargassum horneri were evaluated for their antidepressant-like activity using the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) in mice. Total sterols and β-sitosterol significantly reduced the immobility time in the FST and TST. Total sterols were administered orally for 7 days at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, and β-sitosterol was administered intraperitoneally at doses of 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg. β-sitosterol had no effect on locomotor activity in the open field test. In addition, total sterols and β-sitosterol significantly increased NE, 5-HT, and the metabolite 5-HIAA in the mouse brain, suggesting that the antidepressant-like activity may be mediated through these neurotransmitters.
44 citations
Cites result from "Identification of beta-sitosterol a..."
...The comprehensive analysis of the above data consistent with that reported in the literature [42]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, Betasitosterol-loaded NLCs were formulated using hot homogenization method and encapsulation efficiency as well as the characteristics of the optimized formulation were analyzed by laser light scattering and scanning electron microscopy methods and incorporated in to the butter.
Abstract: At the present time cardiovascular diseases are increased with saturated fat consumption and therefore, there is a growing need for modified dairy products which could decreases the hazards of cholesterol and fat eating. Nutraceuticals have medicinal and nutritional properties that prevent many diseases. Phytosterols, are one of the most important bioactive nutraceuticals which are reported to show positive effects on reducing total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and accordingly arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. This work aims to encapsulate betasitosterol using nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and subsequently addition into butter in order to improve butter nutritional property including acid and peroxide values as well as antioxidant property. Betasitosterol-loaded NLCs were formulated using hot homogenization method and encapsulation efficiency (EE) as well as the characteristics of the optimized formulation were analyzed by laser light scattering and scanning electron microscopy methods and incorporated in to the butter. The optimized prepared NLCs showed particle size of 165 nm with a uniform size distribution (PDI=0.21), zeta potential of −13.5 mV and the EE of 99.96%. Betasitosterol-loaded NLCs, incorporated in butter, showed good stability during three months’ storage period. Furthermore, both acid and peroxide values as well as antioxidant property of enriched butter were increased and did not changed during the storage period. This study paves a way to produce functional dairy products and the applicability of nanotechnology in the food stuff offers interesting opportunities for the food industry and promises great market potential.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a network pharmacology method was designed to identify critical response networks (CRNs) and effective proteins based on these proteins, and a target coverage contribution (TCC) model is designed to infer a core active component group (CACG).
Abstract: Osteoporosis (OP) is a highly prevalent orthopedic condition in postmenopausal women and the elderly. Currently, OP treatments mainly include bisphosphonates, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) antibody therapy, selective estrogen receptor modulators, teriparatide (PTH1-34), and menopausal hormone therapy. However, increasing evidence has indicated these treatments may exert serious side effects. In recent years, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has become popular for treating orthopedic disorders. Erxian Decoction (EXD) is widely used for the clinical treatment of OP, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear thanks to its multiple components and multiple target features. In this research, we designed a network pharmacology method, which used a novel node importance calculation model to identify critical response networks (CRNs) and effective proteins. Based on these proteins, a target coverage contribution (TCC) model was designed to infer a core active component group (CACG). This approach decoded the mechanisms underpinning EXD's role in OP therapy. Our data indicated that the drug response network mediated by the CACG effectively retained information of the component-target (C-T) network of pathogenic genes. Functional pathway enrichment analysis showed that EXD exerted therapeutic effects toward OP by targeting PI3K-Akt signaling (hsa04151), calcium signaling (hsa04020), apoptosis (hsa04210), estrogen signaling (hsa04915), and osteoclast differentiation (hsa04380) via JNK, AKT, and ERK. Our method furnishes a feasible methodological strategy for formula optimization and mechanism analysis and also supplies a reference scheme for the secondary development of the TCM formula.
23 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is provided for the popular use of S. paniculatum in inflammatory conditions and the mechanism whereby SpE decreased inflammatory markers may be related to the reduction of NFKB, TBET and GATA3 gene expression.
15 citations
Cites background from "Identification of beta-sitosterol a..."
...Stigmasterol and β-sitosterol are most abundant plant steroids, similar in terms of both function and structure to cholesterol (Brufau et al., 2008; Sriraman et al., 2015; Valitova et al., 2016)....
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References
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TL;DR: It is concluded that the rDNA sl variants and/or associated loci are under selection in CCII, which demonstrates that Rrn1 and Rrn2 are useful as new genetic markers.
Abstract: Spacer-length (sl) variation in ribosomal RNA gene clusters (rDNA) was surveyed in 502 individual barley plants, including samples from 50 accessions of cultivated barley, 25 accessions of its wild ancestor, and five generations of composite cross II (CCII), an experimental population of barley. In total, 17 rDNA sl phenotypes, made up of 15 different rDNA sl variants, were observed. The 15 rDNA sl variants comprise a complete ladder in which each variant differs in length from adjacent variants by approximately equal to 115 nucleotide pairs. Studies of four rDNA sl variants in an F2 population showed that these variants are located at two unlinked loci, Rrn1 and Rrn2, each with two codominant alleles. Using wheat-barley addition lines, we determined that Rrn1 and Rrn2 are located on chromosomes 6 and 7, respectively. The nonrandom distribution of sl variants between loci suggests that genetic exchange occurs much less frequently between than within the two loci, which demonstrates that Rrn1 and Rrn2 are useful as new genetic markers. Frequencies of rDNA sl phenotypes and variants were monitored over 54 generations in CCII. A phenotype that was originally infrequent in CCII ultimately became predominant, whereas the originally most frequent phenotype decreased drastically in frequency, and all other phenotypes originally present disappeared from the population. We conclude that the sl variants and/or associated loci are under selection in CCII.
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TL;DR: Phytosterols and phytostanols have received much attention in the last five years because of their cholesterol-lowering properties and the popularity of these products has caused the medical and biochemical community to focus much attention on phytosterol research activity.
1,014 citations
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TL;DR: A scholarly review of the published literature on menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT), make scientifically valid assessments of the available data, and grade the level of evidence available for each clinically important endpoint to arrive at major conclusions.
Abstract: Objective: Our objective was to provide a scholarly review of the published literature on menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT), make scientifically valid assessments of the available data, and grade the level of evidence available for each clinically important endpoint. Participants in Development of Scientific Statement: The 12-member Scientific Statement Task Force of The Endocrine Society selected the leader of the statement development group (R.J.S.) and suggested experts with expertise in specific areas. In conjunction with the Task Force, lead authors (n = 25) and peer reviewers (n = 14) for each specific topic were selected. All discussions regarding content and grading of evidence occurred via teleconference or electronic and written correspondence. No funding was provided to any expert or peer reviewer, and all participants volunteered their time to prepare this Scientific Statement. Evidence: Each expert conducted extensive literature searches of case control, cohort, and randomized controlled tria...
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