Identification of Bio-Minerals and Their Origin in Lime Mortars of Ancient Monument: Thanjavur Palace
04 Mar 2021-International Journal of Architectural Heritage (Informa UK Limited)-Vol. 15, Iss: 3, pp 426-436
TL;DR: The role of organics in ancient mortars of Thanjavur palace was characterized through wet chemical analysis, biochemical tests and sophisticated techniques (XRD, FESEM, FT-IR) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The role of organics in ancient mortars of Thanjavur palace was characterized through wet chemical analysis, biochemical tests and sophisticated techniques (XRD, FESEM, FT-IR). All the analytical t...
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01 Jan 2003
12 citations
TL;DR: The characterization of limecrete slabs made of plant extract and hemp fibers of an old monument, Bichili haveli, located in Udaipur, Rajasthan, India was carried out to understand the traditional materials used and its production.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the performance evaluation of green and low-cost mortars based on the use of organic additives was performed by using a mixture of organics (fig, jaggery, black grape, banana, kadukai).
Abstract: Lightning strikes are prevalent and inevitable natural phenomena that might cause damages during interaction with building structures and, in some cases, culminate in fires. During the last decades, several lightning strikes have caused considerable damages to cultural and heritage buildings. Furthermore, recent studies indicated a plausible connection between climate changes due to global warming and variations in the frequency and intensity of lightning. The evaluation of the structural efficiency and resilience of cultural buildings to global changes and natural risks appears significant in the light of the current scientific debate. This research aims at the assessment of lightning strikes’ effects on ancient heritage binding materials through the characterization of their thermal and electrical conductivity properties. This study focused on the performance evaluation of green and low-cost mortars based on the use of organic additives. Lime samples were reverse engineered by using a mixture of organics (fig, jaggery, black grape, banana, kadukai), which comprises the most common additives used in traditional Indian mortars. The reliability of the organic mixture in enhancing the resilience of masonry to lightning strikes was analyzed by using electromagnetic field simulation.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and field emission scan microscopy to study hydrated phases and microstructure of organic lime putty and reported that 3% addition of eco-friendly biopolymers has altered the properties like setting time, water repellency and higher carbonation rate.
Abstract: The study aims at preparation and characterization of six organic lime putty (hydraulic Lime + fermented plant extract) using regionally available plants namely Terminalia Chebula (kadukkai), Rosa Sinensis (hibiscus), Palm jaggery (refined sugar), Xanthorrhoeaceae (aloe vera), and Indigofera Tinctoria (neelamari) as per the methods given in the ancient palm leaf of Padmanabhapuram Palace, India. Advanced analytical techniques like Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC–MS), UV-Spectrophotometer and carbon dioxide quantification were used to study the fermented plant extracts and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to study hydrated phases and microstructure of organic lime putty. GC–MS recorded the phytochemical compounds like fatty acids, traces of proteins, polysaccharides and carbohydrates. Fermented kadukkai and neelamari extracts reported as fatty acid, palm jaggery as carbohydrate, hibiscus as polysaccharide and aloevera rich in all the biomolecules. The detection limit of Quantification:0.013 and limit of detection:0.067 for polysaccharides, 0.026 and 0.088 for unsaturated fatty acids was reported through a U.V spectrophotometer for all the herbs. Aloevera and neelamari fermented extracts recorded the CO2 release around 96,000 and 90,000 ppm on 4th day of fermentation, whereas for other herbs it ranged below the recorded readings. Supply of CO2 has initiated the internal carbonation of the lime putty and precipitation of calcite in three different forms aragonite, calcite and vaterite minerals. The addition of organics resulted in high-intensity portlandite peaks and calcium carbonate polymorphs as reported in XRD graphs in agreement with FT-IR analysis. FESEM morphology validated the early formation of carbonate polymorphs, and EDX. has shown that kadukkai lime putty, jaggery lime putty and reference lime putty. mixes have calcium around 35–45%. From the overall results, 3% addition of eco-friendly biopolymers has altered the properties like setting time, water repellency and higher carbonation rate, which is the main reason behind longevity of the structure.
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"Identification of Bio-Minerals and ..." refers background in this paper
...The bacterial walls are composed of carboxyl, hydroxyl, phosphite sites (Schultze-Lam et al. 1996)....
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