Journal ArticleDOI
If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans.
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
A meta-analysis showed that much of the variability in HPA activity is attributable to stressor and person features, as hormonal activity is elevated at stressor onset but reduces as time passes.Abstract:
The notion that chronic stress fosters disease by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis is featured prominently in many theories. The research linking chronic stress and HPA function is contradictory, however, with some studies reporting increased activation, and others reporting the opposite. This meta-analysis showed that much of the variability is attributable to stressor and person features. Timing is an especially critical element, as hormonal activity is elevated at stressor onset but reduces as time passes. Stressors that threaten physical integrity, involve trauma, and are uncontrollable elicit a high, flat diurnal profile of cortisol secretion. Finally, HPA activity is shaped by a person's response to the situation; it increases with subjective distress but is lower in persons with posttraumatic stress disorder.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Perceived discrimination and health: a meta-analytic review.
TL;DR: Analysis of 134 samples suggests that when weighting each study's contribution by sample size, perceived discrimination has a significant negative effect on both mental and physical health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load, and age-related disease
Andrea Danese,Bruce S. McEwen +1 more
TL;DR: Adverse childhood experiences induce significant biological changes in children (biological embedding), modifying the maturation and the operating balance of allostatic systems, and can exert long-term effects on biological aging and health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychological Stress in Childhood and Susceptibility to the Chronic Diseases of Aging: Moving toward a Model of Behavioral and Biological Mechanisms.
TL;DR: A biological embedding model is presented that maintains that childhood stress gets "programmed" into macrophages through epigenetic markings, posttranslational modifications, and tissue remodeling, and proposes that over the life course, these proinflammatory tendencies are exacerbated by behavioral proclivities and hormonal dysregulation, themselves the products of exposure to early stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Adaptive Calibration Model of stress responsivity.
TL;DR: The Adaptive Calibration Model is presented, an evolutionary-developmental theory of individual differences in the functioning of the stress response system that extends the theory of biological sensitivity to context (BSC) and provides an integrative framework for future research in the field.
References
More filters
Book
Stress, appraisal, and coping
Richard S. Lazarus,Susan Folkman +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a detailed theory of psychological stress, building on the concepts of cognitive appraisal and coping, which have become major themes of theory and investigation in psychology.
Book
Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the Mathematical Basis for Multiple Regression/Correlation and Identification of the Inverse Matrix Elements is presented. But it does not address the problem of missing data.
Journal ArticleDOI
The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation.
Roy F. Baumeister,Mark R. Leary +1 more
TL;DR: Existing evidence supports the hypothesis that the need to belong is a powerful, fundamental, and extremely pervasive motivation, and people form social attachments readily under most conditions and resist the dissolution of existing bonds.
Journal ArticleDOI
How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions.
TL;DR: This review considers recent findings regarding GC action and generates criteria for determining whether a particular GC action permits, stimulates, or suppresses an ongoing stress-response or, as an additional category, is preparative for a subsequent stressor.