IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple sclerosis binds to the aquaporin-4 water channel.
Citations
8,883 citations
Cites background from "IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple..."
...with abnormalities atypical for MS), and serum aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoantibodies.(16,17) There was agree-...
[...]
4,075 citations
Cites result from "IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple..."
...Consistent with this idea is the recent observation that the majority ([90%) of patients with neuromyelitis optica, a CNS inflammatory/demyelinating disease that was once considered a rare variant of multiple sclerosis, have autoantibodies to aquaporin-4, which is expressed in the CNS only on astrocyte foot processes and that the severity of clinical signs and spinal cord lesions in such patients correlate with aquaporin-4 specific antibody titers [119, 236]....
[...]
3,945 citations
2,945 citations
2,442 citations
References
3,162 citations
Additional excerpts
...classified four MS lesion subtypes immunohistochemically (25)....
[...]
2,793 citations
"IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple..." refers background in this paper
...Patients who had classical (western) MS—for which no biomarker is recognized— were uniformly seronegative (7)....
[...]
...immunofluorescence on mouse CNS tissues (7), and from 3 healthy age-...
[...]
...Its partial colocalization with laminin (7) is consistent with the autoantigen being a component of the glia limitans at the blood–brain barrier (BBB; reference 10)....
[...]
1,640 citations
"IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple..." refers background in this paper
...Unlike MS, the cerebrospinal fluid in patients who have NMO lacks evidence of intrathecal synthesis of IgG, such as oligoclonal bands (4)....
[...]
...Typically, NMO has a worse outcome than MS, with frequent and early relapses (4, 5)....
[...]
...Numerous autoantibodies (nonorgan-specific and organ-specific) are a frequent serologic finding in patients who have NMO (4)....
[...]
1,418 citations
"IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple..." refers background in this paper
...It has a pathophysiologic role in brain edema formation following water intoxication (14, 19, 20) or focal cerebral ischemia (21)....
[...]
1,108 citations
"IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple..." refers background in this paper
...We speculate that endothelial leakage accompanying inflammatory events initiated by the binding of NMO-IgG to the extracellular face of AQP4 accounts for the abundance of IgM in immune complexes deposited around penetrating vessels in lesions of autopsied spinal cord from patients who had NMO (2)....
[...]
...Active lesions exhibit swelling, infiltrating macrophages, activated microglia, demyelination, axonal loss, prominent necrosis, and variable perivascular inflammation, with evidence of eosinophils and products of their exocytosis (2, 3)....
[...]
...IgG, IgM, and products of complement activation are deposited in a vasculocentric pattern, which suggests a pathogenic role for autoantibody (2)....
[...]