Journal ArticleDOI
II. NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB): measuring executive function and attention
Philip David Zelazo,Jacob E. Anderson,Jennifer Richler,Kathleen Wallner-Allen,Jennifer L. Beaumont,Sandra Weintraub +5 more
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TLDR
Two measures designed to assess executive function (EF) as part of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB) are discussed and evidence of increasing differentiation of EF from other aspects of cognition was obtained.Abstract:
In this chapter, we discuss two measures designed to assess executive function (EF) as part of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB) and report pediatric data from the validation study. EF refers to the goal-directed cognitive control of thought, action, and emotion. Two measures were adapted for standardized computer administration: the Dimensional Change Card Sort (a measure of cognitive flexibility) and a flanker task (a measure of inhibitory control in the context of selective visual attention). Results reveal excellent developmental sensitivity across childhood, excellent reliability, and (in most cases) excellent convergent validity. Correlations between the new NIH Toolbox measures and age were higher for younger children (3-6 years) than for older children (8-15 years), and evidence of increasing differentiation of EF from other aspects of cognition (indexed by receptive vocabulary) was obtained.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cognition assessment using the NIH Toolbox
Sandra Weintraub,Sureyya Dikmen,Robert K. Heaton,David S. Tulsky,Philip David Zelazo,Patricia J. Bauer,Noelle E. Carlozzi,Jerry Slotkin,David L. Blitz,Kathleen Wallner-Allen,Nathan A. Fox,Jennifer L. Beaumont,Dan M Mungas,Cindy J. Nowinski,Jennifer Richler,Joanne Deocampo,Jacob E. Anderson,Jennifer J. Manly,Beth Borosh,Richard Havlik,Kevin P. Conway,Emmeline Edwards,Lisa S. Freund,Jonathan W. King,Claudia S. Moy,Ellen D. Witt,Richard Gershon +26 more
TL;DR: The NIH-TB Cognition Battery is intended to serve as a brief, convenient set of measures to supplement other outcome measures in epidemiologic and longitudinal research and clinical trials and will provide a “common currency” among researchers for comparisons across a wide range of studies and populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prenatal developmental origins of behavior and mental health: The influence of maternal stress in pregnancy
Bea Van den Bergh,Marion I. van den Heuvel,Marius Lahti,Marijke A. K. A. Braeken,Susanne R. de Rooij,Sonja Entringer,Dirk Hoyer,Tessa J. Roseboom,Katri Räikkönen,Suzanne King,Matthias Schwab +10 more
TL;DR: This review systematically analyzes the available human studies to identify harmful stressors, vulnerable periods during pregnancy, specificities in the outcome and biological correlates of the relation between maternal stress and offspring outcome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Promoting Prosocial Behavior and Self-Regulatory Skills in Preschool Children through a Mindfulness-Based Kindness Curriculum.
TL;DR: Findings support the promise of a 12-week mindfulness-based Kindness Curriculum delivered in a public school setting for promoting self-regulation and prosocial behavior in young children and support the need for future investigation of program implementation across diverse settings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Poverty and Economic Decision-Making: Evidence from Changes in Financial Resources at Payday.
TL;DR: Before-payday participants behave as if they are more present-biased when making intertemporal choices about monetary rewards but not when making cross-border choices about non-monetary real-effort tasks, and before-after differences in risk-taking, the quality of decision-making, the performance in cognitive function tasks, or in heuristic judgments are found.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adolescent neurocognitive development and impacts of substance use: Overview of the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) baseline neurocognition battery.
TL;DR: The rationale for ABC’lected measures of neurocognition is detailed, preliminary descriptive data on an initial sample of 2299 participants are presented, and a context for how this large-scale project can inform the understanding of adolescent neurodevelopment is provided.
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