Image encryption based on interference that uses fractional Fourier domain asymmetric keys

TLDR: An image encryption technique based on the interference principle and phase-truncation approach in the fractional Fourier domain that offers multiple levels of security with asymmetric keys and is free from the silhouette problem.

Abstract: We propose an image encryption technique based on the interference principle and phase-truncation approach in the fractional Fourier domain. The proposed scheme offers multiple levels of security with asymmetric keys and is free from the silhouette problem. Multiple input images bonded with random phase masks are independently fractional Fourier transformed. Amplitude truncation of obtained spectrum helps generate individual and universal keys while phase truncation generates two phase-only masks analytically. For decryption, these two phase-only masks optically interfere, and this results in the phase-truncated function in the output. After using the correct random phase mask, universal key, individual key, and fractional orders, the original image is retrieved successfully. Computer simulation results with four gray-scale images validate the proposed method. To measure the effectiveness of the proposed method, we calculated the mean square error between the original and the decrypted images. In this scheme, the encryption process and decryption keys formation are complicated and should be realized digitally. For decryption, an optoelectronic scheme has been suggested.