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Journal ArticleDOI

Immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on MCM-41 for the transesterification of cotton seed oil.

01 Jan 2012-Journal of Oleo Science (Japan Oil Chemists' Society)-Vol. 61, Iss: 9, pp 469-475
TL;DR: The preparation of MCM-41 is demonstrated as a support for the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase by the physical adsorption technique and the immobilized lipase was employed as biocatalyst for the transesterification of the cotton seed oil with methanol.
Abstract: Present study demonstrated the preparation of MCM-41 as a support for the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase by the physical adsorption technique. The lipase immobilized MCM-41 has been characterized by scanning electron microscopic and FTIR techniques. At pH 6, maximum lipase immobilization (250 mg/g) on MCM support has been observed and the immobilized lipase was employed as biocatalyst for the transesterification of the cotton seed oil with methanol. The pH of the reaction medium, reaction temperature and methanol/oil molar ratio have been optimized to achieve a maximum 98±3% fatty acid methyl esters yield (FAMEs)from cotton seed oil.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of recent progresses in improving IL-catalyzed biodiesel production is provided, focusing on mid- and down-stream processing such as immobilization of lipase, bioreactors development, process optimization, simulation and techno-economic evaluation.
Abstract: Transesterification of oil feedstocks using immobilized lipase (IL) is a promising process for biodiesel production. However, the running cost of this process is still higher than that of conversional chemical-catalyzed approaches. To address this challenge, both upstream and downstream processes have to be optimized. This review provides an overview of recent progresses in improving IL-catalyzed biodiesel production, focusing on mid- and down-stream processing such as immobilization of lipase, bioreactors development, process optimization, simulation and techno-economic evaluation. The immobilization of lipase is a costly process. Most of the commercial ILs are prepared by adsorption of free lipase on polymeric materials. However, to further reduce cost, works should be focused on developing cheap carriers and strengthening the interaction between enzyme and carrier but without significant loss of lipase activity. Running cost of lipase also can be reduced by improving its lifetime during transesterification. To achieve this goal, solvents can be used to prevent lipase leaching and eliminate the inhibitive effects of alcohol (usually methanol) and glycerol. Downstream processing includes important units to purify biodiesel products. In this part, works should be focused on minimizing energy consumption and waste effluents. A global process integration and optimization with economic evaluation also should be figured out to improve the economic feasibility of Il-catalyzed production of biodiesel.

300 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...MCM-41 materials Candida rugosa Physical adsorption [117]...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effects of different Cs/Al/Fe3O4 nanocatalysts and calcination conditions on the catalytic performance for biodiesel FAME (fatty acids methyl ester) production.

110 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This Lipase from Burkholderia cepacia shows important advantages over other lipases, especially in reaction media including solvents or reactions involving short‐chain alcohols.
Abstract: The lipase from Burkholderia cepacia, formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia lipase, is a commercial enzyme in both soluble and immobilized forms widely recognized for its thermal resistance and tolerance to a large number of solvents and short-chain alcohols. The main applications of this lipase are in transesterification reactions and in the synthesis of drugs (because of the properties mentioned above). This review intends to show the features of this enzyme and some of the most relevant aspects of its use in different synthesis reactions. Also, different immobilization techniques together with the effect of various compounds on lipase activity are presented. This lipase shows important advantages over other lipases, especially in reaction media including solvents or reactions involving short-chain alcohols.

77 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
11 Jun 2020-Energies
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the application of enzymatic catalysts as well as nano(bio)catalysts in transesterification reaction and their multiple methods of synthesis is presented.
Abstract: The continuous increase of the world’s population results in an increased demand for energy drastically from the industrial and domestic sectors as well. Moreover, the current public awareness regarding issues such as pollution and overuse of petroleum fuel has resulted in the development of research approaches concerning alternative renewable energy sources. Amongst the various options for renewable energies used in transportation systems, biodiesel is considered the most suitable replacement for fossil-based diesel. In what concerns the industrial application for biodiesel production, homogeneous catalysts such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid are usually selected, but their removal after reaction could prove to be rather complex and sometimes polluting, resulting in increases on the production costs. Therefore, there is an open field for research on new catalysts regarding biodiesel production, which can comprise heterogeneous catalysts. Apart from that, there are other alternatives to these chemical catalysts. Enzymatic catalysts have also been used in biodiesel production by employing lipases as biocatalysts. For economic reasons, and reusability and recycling, the lipases urged to be immobilized on suitable supports, thus the concept of heterogeneous biocatalysis comes in existence. Just like other heterogeneous catalytic materials, this one also presents similar issues with inefficiency and mass-transfer limitations. A solution to overcome the said limitations can be to consider the use of nanostructures to support enzyme immobilization, thus obtaining new heterogeneous biocatalysts. This review mainly focuses on the application of enzymatic catalysts as well as nano(bio)catalysts in transesterification reaction and their multiple methods of synthesis.

54 citations


Cites background or methods from "Immobilization of Candida rugosa li..."

  • ...They also assessed that this catalyst could be recycled, at least, four times without any significant loss of activity [46]....

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  • ...[46] produced biodiesel performing the alcoholysis of Jatropha curcas (non-edible) oil using biocatalysts....

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Journal ArticleDOI
Huaping Dong1, Yimin Li1, Jianfa Li1, Guodong Sheng1, Hua Chen1 
TL;DR: The highest catalytic activity and stability were observed on Bent-CTAB-lipase, resulting from the tunable hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the support’s surface, while the excessive hydrophobic property showed negative influence on lipase's catalytic perfor...
Abstract: The hydrophobic property and structure of Na-bentonite (Na-bent) were tuned by intercalation with cationic surfactants for lipase adsorption. The adsorption isotherms of lipase on Na-bent and modified bentonites demonstrated Langmuir-type shape, and Na-bent showed higher adsorption efficiency than modified bentonites. The observed overlap of lipase molecules on the support and the interactions between these molecules under high protein loading caused the reduction in the activity of immobilized lipase. The immobilized lipases on modified bentonites (Bent-DTAB-lipase, Bent-CTAB-lipase, and Bent-OTAB-lipase) exhibited higher catalytic activity than that on Na-bent, due to the hydrophobically interfacial activation of modified bentonites toward lipase. The highest catalytic activity and stability were observed on Bent-CTAB-lipase, resulting from the tunable hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the support’s surface, while the excessive hydrophobic property showed negative influence on lipase’s catalytic perfor...

21 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters), which is derived from triglycerides by transesterification with methanol, has attracted considerable attention during the past decade as a renewable, biodegradable, and nontoxic fuel.

2,185 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The unique structure of MCM-41 silicates has provided for extremely attractive properties such as uniform pore sizes greater than 20 A, surface areas exceeding 1000 m2 g−1, and long-range ordering of the pores.
Abstract: The unique structure of MCM-41 silicates (shown in the picture) has provided for extremely attractive properties—uniform pore sizes greater than 20 A, surface areas exceeding 1000 m2 g−1, and long-range ordering of the pores. Recent research in supramolecular-templated mesoporous materials has led to a wide range of compositions, to uses in a variety of catalytic reactions, and to a better control of bulk morphologies.

1,923 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2005-Fuel
TL;DR: A two-step transesterification process is developed to convert the high free fatty acids (FFA) oils to its mono-esters in this article, where the important properties of biodiesel such as specific gravity, flash point, cloud point and pour point are found out and compared with that of diesel.

1,209 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The main factors affecting transesterification are the molar ratio of glycerides to alcohol, catalyst, reaction temperature and pressure, reaction time and the contents of free fatty acids and water in oils as mentioned in this paper.

1,115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the production and characterization of biodiesel (BD or B) as well as the experimental work carried out by many researchers in this field.

871 citations